Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Brotchi

Publications and source records attributed to J Brotchi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunocytochemical detection of GABAergic nerve cells in the human temporal cortex using a direct gamma-aminobutyric acid antiserum.

Recently, an immunocytochemical method using glutaraldehyde fixation and an antiserum developed against a GABA--glutaraldehyde--protein conjugate has permitted direct visualization of GABAergic structures in the brains of perfused animals. This paper reports a successful use of this technique on human temporal cortex fixed by immersion. The cerebral tissue was obtained from patients operated for focal epilepsy. GABA-positive somata, fibres and terminals are observed in all layers of the temporal cortex. Terminals are particularly abundant in the superficial portion of layer I and in layers II, III and IV. Dense plexuses of fibres are located in layers II, III, IV and VI and in the underlying white matter. Somata are found in all cortical layers and in the underlying white matter; they are round, oval, fusiform or triangular and exhibit a multipolar, bitufted or bipolar dendritic pattern. This technique for the visualization of GABAergic structures in the human brain may allow a better understanding of the pathogeny of epilepsy in which the GABAergic transmission has been implicated.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Effect of HECNU in malignant supratentorial gliomas--a phase II study.

Forty adults with recurring brain gliomas were treated with HECNU 130 mg/m2, given i.v. every 5 to 6 weeks (mean 5.4) and corticosteroids. According to the response to treatment, patients were divided in 3 groups: 1. Group 1 included 8 pts (20%) with objective remission, defined as a clear-cut clinical improvement persisting at least 4 weeks after the complete discontinuation of corticosteroids. 2. Group 2 included 14 patients (35%) who improved or remained stable yet stayed corticosteroid-dependent. 3. The 18 patients (45%) of group 3 failed to respond. There was a fair correlation between clinical and radiological response. Thus sequential CT-scans showed a 50 to 100% tumour reduction in all patients of group 1, and in 5 of group 2. CT-scans remained unchanged in 8 patients of group 2 and in one of group 3, and showed tumour progression in 10 patients of group 3. Drug toxicity appeared mild, reversible and was not cumulative. The better tolerance of HECNU could represent a real advantage of this drug over the commonly used nitrosourea derivatives such as BCNU and CCNU.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The traumatic aspect of ventricular catheterization demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.

Five patients who underwent ventricular catheterization for increased intracranial pressure, were studied shortly after operation by two different radiological modalities: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT). MRI showed an important brain edema surrounding the site of ventricular catheterization especially in the frontal area, whereas CT did not demonstrate any anomaly or only a very slight one. This report outlines the traumatic aspect of ventricular puncture and the need for a proper setting at the first essay.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Monitoring of intracranial pressure during the postoperative period of aneurysms].

The authors present the results of the postoperative I.C.P. records in 35 patients. The results emphasize the relationship between the clinical grading and the degree of the intracranial pressure: 4/7 grades III (Hunt and Hess grading) and all the grades IV (4/4) had an abnormal intracranial pressure. The location of the aneurysm does not clearly appear as a significant factor of increased intracranial pressure in the postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thoracic spinal epidural cysts.

Two cases of spinal cord compression by thoracic epidural cysts are reported. The first case, associated with a lipoma, is of a congenital type, while the second illustrates a rare mechanism of spinal cord compression caused by a post-traumatic cyst after stretching of the brachial plexus and tearing of the meningeal sheaths of nerve roots. Computed tomography of the spine is helpful in disclosing the cyst and associated malformation, particularly in congenital cases. The prognosis is good after removing the cyst and closing the fistula communicating with the subarachnoid space. Further surgical treatment may be required in complex congenital malformations.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Metastases of meningioma. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of meningiomas with metastasis are presented. The first case is typically a fibroblastic meningioma. After a local recurrence, dissemination occurs in the CSF with multiples localizations. The second case is a parasagittal meningioma of meningotheliomatous type. After two recurrences, a lymph node metastasis is discovered. Three modes of dissemination are known: through the blood vessels, the lymphatics or the CSF. The different spreads and mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Traumatic aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery associated with a contralateral carotid-cavernous fistula: a case report.

An unusual case of traumatic aneurysm of the A-1 part of the anterior cerebral artery associated with a contralateral carotid-cavernous fistula is presented. Trapping of the fistula was carried out, and an attempt to repair the vessel wall was made. Thrombosis of the vessel occurred, but remained asymptomatic. Causes, physiopathology, and treatment of traumatic aneurysms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Initial experience with MR-imaging of intracranial midline-lesions and lesions of the cervical spine at half Tesla.

Fifty-two patients were examined both with computed tomography using a different third generation scanner and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at half Tesla field strength (Philips Gyroscan 5 S). Excellent contrast and spatial resolution as well as initial comparative results of normal anatomy and also selected clinical cases were demonstrated with the spin-echo (SE) and/or inversion recovery (IR) technique. The clinical material included a residual prolactinoma after transphenoidal surgery, follow-up of a recurrent partly calcified solid and cystic intra-/supra-sellar craniopharyngioma, low-grade glioma under stereotactic-like conditions, suspected pinealoma, recurrent astrocytoma (II-III) and ganglioneuroma at the posterior aspect of the middle and/or lower brain stem, small scar after lower brain stem infarction, stenosing degenerative disease of the cervical spine and multicystic lesion with an underlying benign ependymoma of the cervical spinal cord. MRI--although duplicating some CT results--provided better two- or three-dimensional anatomical detail as well as display of relevant vessels without need of contrast agent. It also gave more specific information in suprasellar tumours containing fat, afforded uniquely specific diagnosis in a bleeding venous malformation of the midbrain and defined more sensitively extra-/intra-axial lesions of the brain stem and cervical spinal cord. Small bony structures (erosions) and punctate calcifications may be missed by MRI. Although ferromagnetic material distorts the MR image, compared with CT, it is not impaired by non-ferromagnetic clips. This is an advantage with respect to postoperative control examinations.

Adolescent↗