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Biomedical subjects

J Brennan

Publications and source records attributed to J Brennan.

140 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Diagnosis of superficial temporal arteritis.

Giant cell arteritis is an insidious disease which is often first suspected and diagnosed by the ophthalmologist. Because of the high incidence of serious ophthalmologic complications associated with the disease, the ophthalmologist has more than passing interest in establishing the diagnosis. Biopsy confirmation has become increasingly important as more clinical syndromes associated with giant cell arteritis are recognized. The purpose of this paper is to describe a technique for biopsy of the superficial temporal artery which insures obtaining an adequate specimen for histologic examination.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1970

Hypotension caused by L-dopa.

In 20 patients with idiopathic Parkinsonism maximum tolerated doses of L-dopa were found to induce a mean reduction in blood pressure (erect systolic) of 19.3 mm.Hg, without any significant change in pulse rate. This hypotension may be due to dopamine, acting on adrenergic nerve endings or on the central nervous system itself.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adjustment to cancer - coping or personal transition?

The term 'adjustment' is widely used within the psycho-oncology literature and, although it is a topic of central importance to the lived experience of people with cancer, the psychological mechanisms of adjustment have rarely been described. Rather than regarding it as the absence of psychopathology or the end-point of coping with the global threat of cancer, adjustment refers to the psychological processes that occur over time as the individual, and those in their social world, manage, learn from and adapt to the multitude of changes which have been precipitated by the illness and its treatment. However, these changes are not always for the worse: sometimes they precipitate 'healthy personal growth' in a number of areas. It is only from explicit theories of adjustment that progress can be made in understanding how and why psychological disorders so frequently develop in cancer and what steps may be taken to prevent them. This paper combines the complementary assets of coping theory and social-cognitive theory and proposes the Social-Cognitive Transition (SCT) model of adjustment, a clinical model which also accounts for the frequent reports of healthy personal growth associated with cancer.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of two lorazepam formulations, oral and sublingual, after multiple doses.

The pharmacokinetic profiles of a sublingual and a conventional oral lorazepam tablet formulation were established following chronic administration to twelve healthy male volunteers. Fitting a multi-dose equation based on a one-compartment model to the observed data, the average elimination half-lives for the sublingual and oral doses are estimated to be 11 and 8 h, respectively, while the corresponding absorption half-lives are 15 and 55 min; this confirms earlier reports that the sublingual formulation is more rapidly absorbed. The observed time to steady-state for both formulations was approximately 3 days, which agrees well with that predicted from previous single dosing studies. Although the sublingual formulation yields a higher average steady-state minimum plasma concentration than the oral formulation (41.6 versus 38.1 ng ml-1), the maximum lorazepam concentration achieved during steady state was approximately 83 ng ml-1 for both formulations. The average steady-state plasma concentration is estimated to be 63 ng ml-1, independent of the formulation used.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Graft distortion after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm: association with sac morphology and mid-term complications.

PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, significance, and mechanism of stent-graft distortion after endovascular repair (EVR) of abdominal aortic aneurysm. METHODS: EVR of abdominal aortic aneurysm was performed in 51 cases (49 modular, bifurcated; 2 tube). Thirty-two patients were followed for 6 or more months and had equivalent baseline and follow-up images which could be used to determine changes in graft configuration. Sac dimensions were measured using computed tomographic (CT) images and graft-related complications were recorded. RESULTS: Amongst 32 patients evaluated on follow-up, there was graft distortion in 24. Distorted grafts were significantly (p = 0.002) associated with sac diameter reduction (mean 5 mm) and sac length reduction (mean 8.1 mm). All graft-related complications occurred in the limbs of eight distorted grafts, with a mean reduction of sac length in this group of 7.8 mm on reformatted CT images. CONCLUSION: There was a highly significant association between graft distortion and limb complications, and reduced sac dimensions.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parental representations of depressed outpatients from a U.S.A. sample.

A case-control study of adult depressed outpatients derived from a U.S. sample confirmed previous Australian reports of a significantly greater likelihood for depressives to report an earlier lack of parental care as well as parental overprotection. Only 32% of the patients, as against 62% of the non-psychiatric controls, reported 'optimal bonding', as defined by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), from one or both parents. By contrast 62% of the depressives and 27% of the controls reported exposure to PBI-defined 'affectionless control' from one or both parents. As in previous studies, a raw PBI care score of less than 10 was highly discriminating, being reported by 32% of the depressives and only 3% of the controls.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A running therapy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Connectivity and control in the year 2000 and beyond.

By now, most executives are familiar with the famous Year 2000 problem--and many believe that their companies have the situation well in hand. After all, it seems to be such a trivial problem--computer software that interprets "oo" to be the year 1900 instead of the year 2000. And yet armies of computer professionals have been working on it--updating code in payroll systems, distribution systems, actuarial systems, sales-tracking systems, and the like. The problem is pervasive. Not only is it in your systems, it's in your suppliers' systems, your bankers' systems, and your customers' systems. It's embedded in chips that control elevators, automated teller machines, process-control equipment, and power grids. Already, a dried-food manufacturer destroyed millions of dollars of perfectly good product when a computer counted inventory marked with an expiration date of "oo" as nearly a hundred years old. And when managers of a sewage-control plant turned the clock to January I, 2000 on a computer system they thought had been fixed, raw sewage pumped directly into the harbor. It has become apparent that there will not be enough time to find and fix all of the problems by January I, 2000. And what good will it do if your computers work but they're connected with systems that don't? That is one of the questions Harvard Business School professor Richard Nolan asks in his introduction to HBR's Perspectives on the Year 2000 issue. How will you prepare your organization to respond when things start to go wrong? Fourteen commentators offer their ideas on how senior managers should think about connectivity and control in the year 2000 and beyond.

Chronology as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of narasin in the prevention of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.

The efficacy of narasin in the control of necrotic enteritis (NE) was investigated in a floor pen study of 2000 broiler chickens using a Clostridium perfringens feed inoculum challenge model. Treatments were 1) nonmedicated, nonchallenged; 2) nonmedicated, challenged; 3) narasin, nonchallenged; 4) narasin, challenged. Narasin was administered at 70 ppm in the feed from day 0 to trial termination on day 41. Challenge inoculum contained approximately 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units CP/ml and was administered from day 14 to day 16. In the unmedicated groups, challenged birds had significantly (P < 0.05) lower mean body weight and reduced feed efficiency at day 21 and significantly (P < 0.01) higher cumulative NE mortality at day 41 compared with unchallenged. Similarly, among unmedicated birds, those challenged had a significantly (P < 0.01) higher mean NE score on day 17 and significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean huddling scores on days 15-17 than unchallenged. Among challenged birds, those fed narasin had significantly (P < 0.05) higher mean body weight and improved feed efficiency at days 21 and 41 and significantly (P < 0.01) lower cumulative NE mortality at day 41 than unmedicated. Similarly, among challenged birds, those receiving narasin had a lower mean NE score on day 17 (P > 0.05) and significantly (P < 0.05) lower huddling scores on days 16 and 17 than unmedicated. Coccidiosis lesion scores were zero for birds euthanatized from all treatment groups on day 17, suggesting that the beneficial effects of narasin were not due to prevention of coccidiosis. This study thus provides evidence that narasin is effective in the prevention of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens.

Animal Feed↗