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Biomedical subjects

J Bourgeois

Publications and source records attributed to J Bourgeois.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Naproxen does not alter indices of muscle damage in resistance-exercise trained men.

PURPOSE: Unaccustomed exercise is associated with an elevated plasma creatine kinase (CK), myofibrillar inflammation, and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) may attenuate DOMS and indirect indices of inflammation in humans. METHODS: We studied the effects of an NSAID (naproxen sodium (500 mg, 2 times a day for 48 h)) taken before and after resistance exercise in eight healthy, moderately trained men in a randomized, double-blind trial. The exercise consisted of unilateral knee concentric/eccentric weight lifting with 6 sets x 10 repetitions at 80-85% of the 1 repetition maximal contraction. Muscle biopsies of each vastus lateralis (EX = exercised/REST = control) were taken 24 h after exercise for immunohistochemical staining of inflammatory cells (leukocyte common antigen). At 24 and 48 h postexercise, we also determined DOMS, plasma CK activity, and knee extensor muscle torque. RESULTS: Exercise resulted in an increased CK activity at +24 and +48 h (vs preexercise: P < 0.01), with no treatment effect. There were no treatment effects for any of the measured variables except for a return of voluntary knee extension torque to baseline by +48 h postexercise for NSAID treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: NSAID administration did not alter CK rise, muscle force deficit at 24 h postexercise, nor perceived muscle pain. In addition, the increased CK at 24 h postexercise was not associated with an acute myofibrillar inflammatory cell infiltrate in moderately trained men after resistance exercise.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

A new neonatal case of N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency treated by carbamylglutamate.

N-Acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive urea-cycle disease. Its clinical presentation is not different from the other hereditary hyperammonaemias. We report a new neonatal case with hyperammonaemic coma. A test by carbamylglutamate was performed at 25 days of life. Since then, the child was treated by carbamylglutamate three or four times a day with a total dose of 80-100 mg/kg per day. Today, the boy is 1 year old. He receives carbamylglutamate 200 mg four times a day. He has normal somatic and neurological development and good metabolic balance.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1994

Coexisting calcified inferior vena cava thrombus and adrenal hemorrhage in the neonate: report of three cases.

Coexisting calcified inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombus and adrenal hemorrhage are uncommon in children. We present three such cases diagnosed by ultrasound in three boys who were born after 41-, 38-, and 38-week gestations, respectively. In all cases the pregnancy and delivery were unremarkable. The birthweight was 3,630 g, 3,210 g, and 3,390 g, respectively. Left adrenal hemorrhage occurred in all cases. Associated left renal vein thrombus occurred in two cases. The mean followup was 8.5 years. In two cases ultrasound showed persistence of a calcified thrombus and residual stenosis of the IVC. In the third case the IVC thrombus had almost disappeared.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1993

Once-daily trandolapril compared with the twice-daily formulation in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension: assessment by conventional and ambulatory blood pressures.

A double-blind, crossover study was carried out to compare the antihypertensive efficacy of the long-acting ACE inhibitor trandolapril 1 mg administered once daily and 0.5 mg twice daily in 31 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. After randomization, patients entered a single-blind placebo period of 4 weeks. After a double-blind treatment of 4 weeks with either of the dosage regimens, patients were then crossed over to the alternate regimen for the last 4 weeks of the study. Conventional BP and heart rate were measured on each visit and ambulatory BP monitoring was done at baseline and at the end of each treatment phase. Conventional as well as 24-hour and awake ambulatory systolic and diastolic BPs were significantly (P < 0.001) and almost identically decreased by both once- and twice-daily formulations. Moreover, the clinical response rates (reduction in seated diastolic BP > or = 10% or diastolic BP < or = 90 mm Hg) were similar with both treatment regimens (42% vs. 45% with the once- and twice-daily formulations, respectively). However, trandolapril twice daily exerted a significantly (P = 0.03) greater antihypertensive effect on systolic BP during sleep as compared with the once-daily formulation. Due to the fact that the minimal effective dose was used in this trial, further studies with higher doses should demonstrate effective 24-hour control of BP as described with other long-acting ACE inhibitors. In addition, our results suggest that ambulatory BP measurements should be done in dose-response studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[High-risk congenital diaphragmatic aplasia and hernia (apropos of 64 cases)].

The prognosis of high risk congenital diaphragmatic hernia and eventration diagnosed in the early neonatal period (before 24 h) is studied based on a series of 64 cases. Eventration has a poor prognosis with 5 deaths out of 7 cases. The replacement of the hemidiaphragm by an abdominal muscular flap seems to be the best surgical procedure (2 recoveries on 4 cases). A high mortality rate remains in the diaphragmatic hernias which are undiagnosed before birth. Out of 54 operated cases with systematic homolateral drainage, there were 35 survivors (65%). Post-operative alveolar-arterial PO2 difference less than 53 kPa appears to be a reliable criterion of good prognosis with a survival rate of 91% in this series. Thus, despite major progresses in post-operative resuscitation, the recovery rate in high risk neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia and eventration is only 75%. This seems to be partly related to the existence of lethal forms due to bilateral pulmonary hypoplasia and structural anomalies of the pulmonary arteries.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1987

[Gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal atresia].

In 210 surviving cases of oesophageal atresia treated by anastomosis, 34% presented a gastro-oesophageal reflux. Half of these patients needed surgical treatment of the reflux to prevent complications.

Esophageal Atresia↗
PubMed1986

Effects of prematurity and dysmaturity on growth at age 5 years.

Forty-two term and 106 preterm appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and 43 term and 31 preterm small for gestational age (SGA) children were observed from birth to age 5 years. Parents' weight and height were also measured in 193 subjects including 97 couples. The percentage of short children was higher in SGA (17%) than in AGA (3.4%) children (P less than 0.01). This difference was significant in the preterm but not in the term children, suggesting that early failure of growth in utero can result in reduced growth in children. The findings were similar for weight and head circumference, but microcephaly was more frequent in term SGA (30%) than in preterm SGA (6.4%) children (P less than 0.05), suggesting that late impaired growth in utero can result in poor growth of the head. Height at the age of 5 years correlated with the parents' height only in AGA children, and with length at birth in SGA children. Weight of the 5-year-old children correlated with the mother's weight only in AGA children. Multivariate analysis in 66 couples and their children confirmed a greater tendency toward the influence of parental factors in AGA children and a more significant relationship with perinatal factors in SGA children.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1986

[Neonatal bilateral interstitial emphysema. Surgical treatment. Apropos of 1 case].

The authors report a case of respiratory distress secondary to inhalation of meconial amniotic fluid treated by mechanical ventilation, which was complicated by severe interstitial emphysema. Treatment by pleurotomy allowed a favorable evolution. The various therapies of interstitial emphysema of the neonate, in particular surgical technics are described.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics of vitamin K1 in low-birth-weight neonates.

The pharmacokinetics of vitamin K1 was studied in 21 newborn infants. 11 neonates had received no parenteral loading dose prior to the study (group I), while 10 had been injected 5-10 mg vitamin K1 at birth (group II). At postnatal age 2-9 h, 1 mg of vitamin K1 was injected intravenously, and small samples of blood (less than or equal to 500 microliter) were collected at different times during 6 h. Serum vitamin K1 and its epoxide were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In both groups, the disappearance curve showed two exponential components: a fast distribution component during the 1st h and a slower elimination component during the next 5 h. In group I, the plasma half-life of the first component was between 18 and 52 min (median 23 min), and the half-life of the second was between 67 and 179 min (median 109 min). Both half-lives were significantly higher in group II. The volumes of distribution were suggestive of distribution into plasma during the first phase and roughly into the extracellular water for the second component. Epoxide was detected in most patients 15 min after vitamin K1 injection, and after 3 h its concentration was higher than the concentration of vitamin K1. These data suggest that the kinetics of vitamin K1 in neonates is not very different from that in adults. The newborn infant is able to oxidize vitamin K1, a phenomenon in keeping with the gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Evolution of serum prealbumin, C-reactive protein, and orosomucoid in neonates with bacterial infection.

The simultaneous changes in serum prealbumin, orosomucoid (alpha-acidglycoprotein, AGP), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were evaluated in 36 newborn infants with septicemia (n = 20), meningitis (n = 10), arthritis (n = 5), and peritonitis (n = 1). In 29 patients with a favorable outcome the values for serum prealbumin and CRP showed a rapid return toward normal: in 2 to 3 days serum prealbumin increased by 84% from the basal value and remained at (mean +/- 1 SD) 0.11 +/- 0.02 gm/L. Serum CRP decreased from 85 +/- 75 mg/L (range 0.15 to 206 mg/L) to 49 +/- 64 mg/L (2 to 210 mg/L) at 3 to 4 days of evolution and to normal values at day 13 to 16. The changes in serum orosomucoid values were slower, from 1.33 +/- 0.75 gm/L to 1.16 +/- 0.75 gm/L at day 13 to 16, with normalization after 20 to 30 days. Serum orosomucoid values returned to the normal range with the clinical improvement. In some patients the orosomucoid/prealbumin ratio decreased earlier than the serum orosomucoid concentration. Seven patients died, and in four of these in whom at least three values could be determined serum CRP and orosomucoid remained very high, whereas serum prealbumin did not increase or subsequently decreased. These data show an inverse change in serum CRP and prealbumin concentrations in infected neonates. The immediate decrease in CRP reflects the effect of treatment, whereas the later decrease in serum AGP parallels the clinical course of the infection. Thus the determination of these proteins can help to guide the treatment of infection in newborn infants.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1984

Open-angle glaucoma associated with posterior polymorphous dystrophy. A clinicopathologic study.

Clinical and histopathologic features of a 62-year-old black man with posterior polymorphous dystrophy and open-angle glaucoma requiring trabeculectomy are reported. The surgical procedure was modified to allow en bloc resection of the deep limbal tissue and peripheral iris. Light and electron microscopy of the specimen revealed a high insertion of the iris into the posterior portion of the trabecular meshwork with compression of the intertrabecular spaces. These findings are similar to changes that have been reported in primary congenital glaucoma and suggest a developmental anomaly of the anterior chamber angle in this form of glaucoma associated with posterior polymorphous dystrophy.

Cornea↗