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Biomedical subjects

J Bonnet

Publications and source records attributed to J Bonnet.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Intrapetrous carotid aneurysm and tube prosthesis. Apropos of a case].

The introduction of a tubular prosthesis such as that described by J. Wright in 1976 is sometimes proposeD to ensure ventilation of the ear at the time of tympanoplasty. A case of ruptured intrapetrosal internal carotid aneurysm is reported, apparently related to the presence of such a prosthesis. The occurrence of such an accident should question the use of a tubular prosthesis in an inflamed ear. Endovascular trapping by balloon catheter would appear to be the most effective treatment for this form of ruptured intrapetrosal aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Reflection contrast microscopy. Visualization of (peroxidase-generated) diaminobenzidine polymer products and its underlying optical phenomena.

Reflection contrast microscopy (RCM) has proven to be a useful tool for the study of living cells (Ploem 1975). Due to the effective suppression of aspecific reflected light by polarization optics combined with a quarter lambda plate at the front lens of the objective, low intensity reflection signals originating from minor amounts of precipitated diaminobenzidine (DABox) in immunocytochemically stained specimens, can be made visible. RCM has been successfully applied in demonstrating single copy nucleic acid sequences using in situ hybridization procedures (Landegent et al. 1984). We have systematically studied the aspects of image formation of DABox by RCM by using a model system consisting of glass slides coated with peroxidase containing protein layers to determine the conditions for optimal sensitivity of this detection method. Moreover, investigations were performed to study the relationship between the amount of reflected light and DABox depending on the thickness of the object. Both theoretical and practical evidence is obtained to show that DABox detection by RCM is based on interference phenomena occurring in the layer of DABox, and less on selective reflection. This restricts the type of specimen which can be used for sensitive detection of DABox by RCM. Consequently, in ultrathin (40 nm) sections osmificated DABox was visualized in peroxidatic positive cell organelles with high contrast and resolution. Similar results were obtained with immunoperoxidase stained material embedded in Lowicryl under conditions that did not allow visualization of the staining product by bright field microscopy.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗
PubMed1988

Po, MBP, histone, and DNA levels in sciatic nerve. Postnatal accumulation studies in normal and trembler mice.

We studied the quantitative changes in proteins (total, Po, MBP, and histones) and DNA from sciatic nerves of normal and Trembler mice during postnatal development. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting procedures allowed an accurate characterization of Po, MBP, and histones, as well as the comparison of their respective amounts from d 2 to d 120 after birth. It was found that 1. The immunoblotting procedure ascertains the presence of Po in the sciatic nerve of Trembler. In the 2-d-old mice, Po is detected in essentially similar amounts in Trembler and normal PNS, whereas its level in adult mutant sciatic nerves is never greater than 20% of the control. The sharp increase in Po levels observed during the third week in the normal nerves is not observed in those of the mutant; 2. MBP species are at most 4% of the control in the 10- to 12-d-old Trembler mice, whereas they were not detectable in adult nerves. The distribution of the different MBP species is the same in both mutant and control mice; 3. In normal mice, Po and MBP accumulate at similar rates, but the 14 kDa MBP accumulates faster than the 18.5 kDa MBP; and 4. Histone and DNA contents decrease 3- to 5-fold in normal nerves, whereas they remain constant, or increase slightly, in the mutant.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Serum type III procollagen peptide levels in coronary artery disease (a marker of atherosclerosis).

The known shift in collagen synthesis from procollagen type I to type III in patients with atherosclerosis, suggested measurement of serum procollagen III peptide (PIIIP) levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Two groups of patients were studied: group I--thirty-six patients with CAD (male, mean age 56.9 +/- 7.5 years, hospitalized for coronary angiography. Risk factors included 16 patients with high blood pressure, four diabetics, 31 smokers and 15 with hypercholesterolaemia. Five patients had no significant lesions, seven had one vessel with over 50% stenosis, 10 had two vessels and 14 had three vessels. Group II--35 patients (male, mean age 39.4 +/- 13.3 years), with normal physical examination and ECG according to WHO criteria, formed the control group: the risk factors included nine patients with high blood pressure, 14 smokers and one with hypercholesterolaemia. Procollagen III peptide levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. In group I, PIIIP levels were 26.8 +/- 16 ng ml-1 vs. 10.4 +/- 3.2 for group II. Sixty-one per cent of group I had pathological levels of PIIIP with an absence of correlation with the severity of atherosclerosis or risk factors. Only 2.8% of patients in group II had pathological levels. Procollagen III peptide determination would appear to be a sensitive, specific and predictive test for atherosclerosis in patients with CAD.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Adjuvant therapy in large bowel adenocarcinoma: long-term results of a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) colorectal adjuvant study 7510 went through two phases. From 1975 to 1977, 309 patients were randomized to chemotherapy alone or the same chemotherapy plus immunotherapy. From 1977 until 1980, 317 patients were randomized among the same two therapy programs and a control group. With a minimum follow-up in either phase of greater than 7 years, data are now mature. They show no difference in relapse-free survival (RFS) nor overall survival (OS) in either the two-way phase or in the three-way phase. There is no indication, except possibly in one very small subset, that the addition of immunotherapy to chemotherapy provides an improvement in OS or in RFS. Using data from patients accrued after randomization to the control group, we fail to find evidence that either chemotherapy alone or chemoimmunotherapy improves OS or RFS when contrasted to outcomes obtained by patients on the control arm. In fact, we have significant evidence, at the P = .016 level, that chemotherapy does not improve OS by at least 50%; we also have significant evidence, at the P = .011 level, that chemoimmunotherapy will not improve OS by at least 25%. No evidence of efficacy was demonstrated for either treatment regimen, even though enough therapy was given to result in significant toxicities. Acute toxicity was at least moderate, but not fatal, in 75% of patients. Recognizable delayed toxicity included rare cases of fatal renal failure and acute leukemia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Perilymphatic fistula. Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties].

The symptoms and signs of perilymphatic fistulae (PLF) are very varied and frequently misleading. The operative demonstration of a perilymph leak is not always obvious and the therapeutic results are sometimes disappointing. The study of 26 cases demonstrates certain concepts concerning the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Any atypical cochleovestibular symptoms, particularly occurring in a traumatic context, should suggest the possibility of PLF. Exploratory surgery must be performed according to a rigorous protocol in order to demonstrate the fistula. Search for a fenestra ovalis sign due to pressure on the membrane of the fenestra rotunda may help to reveal a lesion of the annular ligament. Simple filling of the breach is not always effective, especially at the level of the stapes. Stapedectomy frequently constitutes the best solution for fistulae of the fenestra ovalis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Protease inhibitors and ectasia in coronary atherosclerosis].

The possibility of elastase contributing to degradation of the arterial wall in atherosclerosis and to the formation of ectasia has prompted us to assay the main protease inhibitors, alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin, in patients with angiographic coronary disease with and without coronary ectasia. Serum concentrations of these two proteins were measured by immunonephelometry in 203 patients admitted for coronary arteriography. The results obtained were analyzed according to the presence of atheromatous lesions and their severity and to the presence or absence of ectasia. There was no correlation between the values observed and the presence or severity of coronary atherosclerosis, but the concentration of alpha 1-antitrypsin was significantly higher in patients with coronary ectasia (247.2 +/- 40.5 mg/ml) than in patients without ectasia (213.5 +/- 36.6 mg/100 ml; p less than 0.001). This study shows that coronary ectasia is associated with disturbances in the protease-antiprotease system, which may be consecutive to initial changes in elastase activity. Our results support the theory that elastase and protease inhibitors play a specific role in some atheromatous processes.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Presence of immunoreactive material in Niemann-Pick type A placenta using anti-sphingomyelinase rabbit gammaglobulins.

Human placental sphingomyelinase was highly purified through an original six-step scheme in order to raise a specific rabbit anti-sphingomyelinase antibody. Pure enzyme preparations showed specific activities ranging between 100 and 150 mumol/h per mg protein and gave two constant silver-stained bands (Mr 70,000 and 57,000) on acrylamide after electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. These two bands were the sole areas detected by the described antibody on Western blots from normal placental preparations at various stages of purification. A similar procedure was applied to the separate study of placental sphingomyelinase from two prenatally diagnosed foetuses with confirmed Niemann-Pick disease type A. During purification, the mutant enzyme could be followed owing to its minute but measurable level of catalytic activity, and behaved normally at the various chromatographic steps. In the purified preparations, specific activities of 0.18 and 0.49 mumol/h per mg protein, respectively, were reached. No alteration of the Km value (19 mumol/l) was observed, while the Vmax was 0.5-1% of normal. With immunostaining of Western blots obtained as above, results similar to those described for normal tissue were found, leading to the conclusion that immunoreactive sphingomyelinase is present in Niemann-Pick disease type A.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Cardiac complications of dermatopolymyositis. Apropos of 56 cases].

A retrospective study was conducted on 58 patients hospitalized for dermato- or polymyositis between 1967 and 1986, with the view of determining the cardiovascular complications specific to these diseases. The patients' mean age was 51 years, less than 6 months had elapsed between first symptoms and diagnosis, and 31 p. 100 of the patients had died. The electrocardiogram was considered normal in 46 patients, none of whom presented with the slighted clinical evidence of cardiovascular involvement. ECG abnormalities were present in 10 cases, including 5 with disorders of conduction. Five cases of cardiovascular pathology with clinical manifestations were discovered. A 36-year old woman had severe myocardial pathology with marked rhabdomyolysis (CPK greater than 100,000) and complete atrio-ventricular block requiring emergency pacemaker implantation. Three years after the onset of the disease, and whilst the clinical signs of polymyositis had regressed, this patient still had complete AVB and moderately dilated congestive cardiomyopathy. This study shows that cardiac complications of dermato-polymyositis are rare and predominantly consist of disorders of conduction which may become permanent and associated with alterations of left ventricular kinetics. The authors suggest that a high-risk category for patients with disorders of conduction and cardiomyopathy can be identified by echocardiography, but this examination needs mainly be performed in cases when ECG abnormalities are present, since no clinical cardiac pathology was observed in patients of this series with normal electrocardiogram.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of double fibrinolytic treatments in subacute deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and desirability of a double fibrinolytic treatment in subacute venous thrombosis of the lower limbs. Thirty-four patients (mean age 55.2 +/- 15.4 years) hospitalized for thrombosis of deep lower limb veins were treated with two different fibrinolytic drugs administered successively: 23 patients received streptokinase first followed urokinase, and 11 patients received urokinase first followed by streptokinase. The overall results that improvement of the phlebographic score (Ph.s) was significantly greater in double fibrinolytic treatment (delta Ph.s. = 4.41 +/- 6.45, p less than 0.001) than after a single fibrinolytic treatment (delta Ph.s. = 3.14 +/- 4.76, p less than 0.001). Individual analysis of the results showed that 28% of the patients were improved by a second fibrinolytic treatment. It would appear that two fibrinolytic treatments are truly effective, albeit inconstantly and in most cases partially. We were unable in this study to determine the characteristics of patients likely to benefit from a double treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Metabolism of collagen in coronary patients].

The alterations observed in connective tissue of the arterial wall and dermis in atherosclerosis incited us to investigate collagen metabolism in patients with coronary disease. We first studied collagen metabolism in fibroblast cultures, then measured serum levels of type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide. Fibroblast collagen metabolism was investigated in 12 consecutive patients of less than 45 years of age presenting with coronary disease and coronary atherosclerosis was found to be preserved in patients with atherosclerosis, but less type III type I procollagen was synthesized (14.6 +/- 6.6% versus 22.3 +/- 4.3%). This abnormality, found in 83% of our coronary patients, seemed to be unrelated to risk factors or to the severity of atherosclerosis. Serum type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide was assayed comparatively in 36 patients with coronary atherosclerosis confirmed at coronary-ventriculography and in 35 patients free from coronary disease as defined by the W.H.O. criteria. Serum levels of this peptide were significantly higher in patients with coronary atherosclerosis (26.76 +/- 16 ng/ml) than in controls (10.43 +/- 3.18 ng/ml). 61% of coronary patients had a peptide level higher than the normal value (17 ng/ml). No correlation was found between this rise in type III procollagen aminoterminal peptide and the severity of coronary lesions or the importance of risk factors. Thus, collagen metabolism is altered in coronary patients, and this alteration can be detected by a peripheral marker. However, the use of this marker to diagnose the presence or evaluate the course of atherosclerosis requires clarification.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Indications for the long-term electrocardiogram and echocardiogram after a cerebral ischemia complication].

Ninety patients admitted to a neurology unit for cerebral ischaemic accident without evidence of embolism from the heart were examined by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (AEM) and by echocardiography assessable in 76 cases. On the basis of a standard cardiac evaluation (SCE) including physical examination, chest radiography and electrocardiography, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 42 with normal SCE (group I), 19 with isolated arterial hypertension (group II) and 36 with patent cardiac disease (group III). Significant abnormalities were detected by AEM in 10.5% of group I patients, 18.5% of group II patients and 33% of group III patients. A structural cardiopathy was discovered at echocardiography in 33%, 62% and 91% respectively of patients in these 3 groups. The greatest number of mitral valve prolapses (7/9 cases) was found in group I. The main echocardiographic abnormality detected in group II was dilatation of the left cardiac cavities: atrium more than 38 mm in 8 cases, ventricle more than 50 mm in 3 cases. Comparisons between the two explorations showed that arrhythmias were often associated with dilatation of the left cardiac cavities (39%) and much less frequently with mitral valve prolapse (11%) and myocardial hypertrophy (16%). Our results suggest that when examinations cannot be routinely performed in hospital patients with a cerebral ischaemic accident echocardiography should be reserved to patients with heart disease or hypertension, and AEM to those with heart disease or hypertension and with dilatation of the left cardiac cavities.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Renal hypoplasia, polydactyly, cardiopathy: a new syndrome?].

The occurrence of a polymalformation pattern associated with a polydactyly indicates a mendelian inheritance. We report a case with renal hypoplasia, polydactyly, congenital heart defects. A large literature review makes the differential diagnosis and brings this case nearer to an anterior observation of the literature. We discuss an eventual new syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1987

[Limited mandibular osteoradionecrosis. Early conservative surgical treatment].

Nine patients with early phase mandibular osteoradionecrosis received conservative treatment involving closure with mucosal and periosteal graft. Early intervention and the limited nature of the osteoradionecrosis are the two fundamental elements for a successful outcome to this conservative therapy, thus avoiding progression to an extensive form requiring interruption mandibulectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Fate of angina in women with healthy coronary vessels. Retrospective study of 68 patients with a 42-month follow-up].

The discovery of normal coronaries on angiography in patients known and treated for many years for true angina, if reassuring for the physician, raises other problems about the evolution of the patient. Among the 235 patients seen with this diagnosis between january 1980 and may 1986, 68 had healthy coronaries without any associated disease (mean age = 57.4 years). The objective is to determine the evolution of this group with a mean follow-up of 42 months and the advantages of coronary angiography. No infarction or sudden death occurred. 91 p. cent have an unlimited housekeeping activity, 10 p. cent have stopped working for a cardiac reason, 55 p. cent continue to work, 13 p. cent were rehospitalized for the same reason and 25 p. cent developed extra cardiac symptoms (2 neoplasms). But only 35 p. cent do not experience chest pain. On the contrary, failure is obvious concerning the anti-angina treatment since only 10 p. cent are not any longer on medication and the total consumption did not vary. The fact that 84 p. cent of the patients have little or no pain under calcium-blockers, taken alone or in association with other drugs, raises the question of their true efficacy, without any placebo effect, since the beta-blockers consumption decreases slightly.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1987

[Familial protein C deficiency and venous thrombosis].

Constitutional deficiency in C-protein appears to be a very often underestimated or unrecognized cause of thromboembolic disease. C-protein deficiency in a family (father, son and daughter) was associated with clinical manifestations of thrombosis (post-embolic cor pulmonale, fatal pulmonary embolism, post-partum phlebitis), all appearing before 35 years of age. These three cases confirm the absolute need for routine exploration of physiologic inhibitors of coagulation in all young patients with venous thrombosis.

Adult↗