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Biomedical subjects

J Boe

Publications and source records attributed to J Boe.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Fine-needle and screw-needle samples in CT-assisted biopsies of chest lesions.

We compared samples obtained using a fine-needle with those made using a screw-needle (Rotex) of equal diameter in 28 patients. The biopsies were performed with the aid of computed tomography. All patients had lesions suggesting primary lung neoplasia or metastatic disease located in the lung parenchyma, pleura and in the ribs (17, 9 and 2 patients, respectively). Diagnostic material was obtained from 25 patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the yield of diagnostic material produced by the two procedures. Malignancy was found in 12 patients. Pneumothorax was the most common complication, occurring in 7 patients. CT-guided diagnostic needle biopsies have high diagnostic accuracy and a low complication rate. The diagnostic yield of the fine-needle and the screw-needle is equal.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of enprofylline, a new bronchodilating xanthine, in acute asthma.

Five different doses of enprofylline, a 3-propylxanthine, were compared with a standard dose of theophylline in 135 episodes of acute asthma in a double-blind study. The drugs were administered intravenously during ten minutes. Enprofylline induced dose-related bronchodilation and the 2.5 mg/kg dose produced significantly better effects than theophylline.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of intrapleural immunoglobulin synthesis by agarose gel isoelectric focusing. A new specific method for the diagnosis of pleural effusions of inflammatory origin?

In order to demonstrate an intrapleural immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis, pleural effusions and serum from 14 patients with pleural effusions of various causes (inflammatory condition, malignancies, primary lung cancers, pleural metastasis, and congestive heart failure) were investigated by agarose gel isoelectric focusing (AIEF), antiserum immunofixation with monospecific antiserum against IgG and IgA, and quantitative estimation of IgG and IgA. Intrapleural immunoglobulin synthesis was assumed to occur in patients with oligoclonal Ig limited to the pleural compartment or in patients with a raised IgG index, equal to (pleura/serum IgG):(pleura/serum albumin), or a raised IgA index, equal to (pleura/serum IgA):(pleura/serum albumin). Two of 3 patients with rheumatoid pleuritis had a polyclonal intrapleural immunoglobulin synthesis demonstrated by the presence of a raised IgG and IgA index without any signs of oligoclonal Ig production on AIEF. Two of 3 patients with assumed tuberculous pleuritis had, despite a normal IgG and IgA index, an oligoclonal intrapleural IgG production detected by AIEF. This oligoclonal reaction was shown by absorption studies with Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen to be directed against M. tuberculosis. No signs of intrapleural immunoglobulin synthesis were found in the other 10 patients investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acute asthma--plasma levels and effect of terbutaline i.v. injection.

The effects of two different doses (4 and 8 micrograms/kg) of terbutaline i.v. injection were recorded in 64 episodes of acute asthma (heart rate greater than 100 beats/min, peak expiratory flow (PEF) less than 50% of the predicted normal value). Both doses of terbutaline i.v. injections induced a significant increase in PEF and a decrease in pulse rate and systolic blood pressure. No large significant differences were noted between the doses, but palpitations were more pronounced after the higher dose. The results suggest that intravenous administration of 4 micrograms/kg terbutaline is a safe and effective treatment of acute asthma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Drug intake and plasma concentrations in acute asthma.

Drug intake and plasma concentrations of theophylline and beta-agonists were recorded in 19 patients with acute asthma (peak expiratory flow rate less than 50% of predicted normal value and heart rate greater than 100 beats/min). 10 of the patients arrived at the hospital twice; accordingly 29 cases of acute asthma were studied. The results show that few patients overdosed their medicine before arrival at the hospital. On the contrary, they were often undertreated. This was verified both by plasma concentrations and drug intake reported by the patients. There was a poor correlation between plasma concentrations and drug intake in 14% of the 29 patient admissions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Domiciliary nebulized beta-agonists. Long-term treatment in asthmatics, and drug intake and plasma levels in acute asthma.

Long-term domiciliary treatment with nebulized salbutamol was studied in 27 patients (mean age 55 years, range 25-77) suffering from severe chronic bronchial asthma. At the end of the treatment period (mean 2.7 years, range 0.9-3.9) three patients had returned their Pari Inhalierboy nebulizers, two because of improvement, one because of moving from the area. Two patients died at home from status asthmaticus. Of the rest, about a third experienced an improved quality of life, and six of 9 patients depending on oral corticosteroids could be transferred to metered dose aerosols. No significant changes of the number of days in hospital or on sick-leave, number of hospitalizations or number of outpatient consultations between corresponding periods before and after the start of nebulizing therapy at home were found. In another study, drug intake 24 h before hospital admission and plasma levels of beta-agonists were recorded in 45 asthmatics (mean age 52 years, range 20-74) on arrival at hospital with acute asthma (PEFR less than 50% predicted normal value, pulse rate greater than 100). In 22 of the 64 acute episodes recorded, domiciliary nebulized beta-agonists were used. No significant differences in the oral doses taken 24 h before arrival or the plasma concentrations of beta-agonists were found between patients with and without nebulized beta-agonists. The studies demonstrate the feasibility of home-treatment with beta-agonists via nebulizers.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hypoxic and embolic pulmonary vasoconstriction.

In-vitro studies of helically-cut segmental pulmonary artery strips from 43 patients undergoing thoracic surgery were performed. Cumulative dose-response contraction curves were elicited, mean maximum contraction was significantly greater from histamine (Hist) than from prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), serotonin (5-HT), angiotensin II (A II) or noradrenaline (NA). Hist and PGF2 alpha showed significantly lower values for ED50 than NA, 5-HT and A II. Anoxia did not constrict the isolated arteries.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Responses of the pulmonary artery to asthma-drugs.

1. Asthma-drugs influence smooth muscle in both bronchi and lung vessels. Some vasodilation may be expected with isoprenaline and theophylline, whereas selective beta 2-stimulants seem to be without vascular effect. Isoprenaline relaxed to some extent 14 of 20 pulmonary artery strips after maximum contraction with carbacholine, acetylcholine and prostaglandin F2 alpha (Fig. 1b). Total reversibility occurred in only one specimen, the average relaxation of all specimens tested was 22 +/- 6%. 2. Eight of 10 specimens contracted with histamine, prostaglandin F2 alpha or serotonin were relaxed by theophylline (Fig. 1b), average relaxation was 37 +/- 25%. No statistically significant difference existed between relaxation induced with isoprenaline or theophylline.

Asthma↗
PubMed1981

Effects of angiotensin II and bradykinin on isolated human pulmonary arteries.

In vitro studies were performed on the contractile responses of 44 human segmental pulmonary artery specimens obtained from 26 patients undergoing thoracic surgery for pulmonary malignancies or bronchiectasis. Isometric changes in tension were recorded as cumulative dose-response curves in 14 arterial strips after angiotensin II. The angiotensin II-antagonist (Sar1, Ile8-)-angiotensin II demonstrated a competitive antagonism to angiotensin II. No changes of the resting tension occurred from a steady state in 10 specimens after bradykinin challenge. The relaxing effect of bradykinin was investigated after maximal contraction with either prostaglandin F2 alpha, histamine or norepinephrine in 23 specimens. Some relaxation could be obtained in 18, but total relaxation did not occur. We postulate the presence of specific angiotensin II-receptors mediating weak contraction and bradykinin-receptors mediating weak relaxation in isolated human pulmonary arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A dual action of histamine on isolated human pulmonary arteries.

Isometric tension changes in 22 isolated segmental human pulmonary arteries obtained from 17 patients at thoracic surgery were studied after histamine challenge. Cumulative dose-response contraction curves were constructed. A slight potentiation could be found with the H2 antagonist cimetidine, whereas the H1 blocker mepyramine moved the log dose-response curve for histamine to the right indicating competitive antagonism at specific receptors. When mepyramine was added after maximal contraction with histamine, a relaxation occurred that could be blocked by adding cimetidine prior to mepyramine. The in vitro tests reveal a dual action of histamine with a dominating H1 receptor mediated contraction, but with the possibility of relaxation via specific H2 receptors in human pulmonary arteries.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1980

Adrenergic receptors and sympathetic agents in isolated human pulmonary arteries.

We tested the in vitro contractility of 88 segmental pulmonary arteries from 46 patients undergoing thoracic surgery. The vascular strips, taken from macroscopically healthy lung tissue, were devoid of spontaneous adrenergic tone. Cumulative dose-response curves with epinephrine and norepinephrine showed graded contraction. There was no significant difference between the two substances concerning mean maximal tension, threshold doses, ED50 or concentrations causing maximal contraction. Alpha-receptor blocking agents, phenoxybenzamine and indoramine, showed an inhibition of the contraction induced with both epinephrine and norepinephrine. Epinephrine in higher doses caused a dual response: contraction followed by relaxation. The latter was blocked by propranolol. Both isoproterenol and theophylline relaxed contracted vessels to some extent. Relaxation induced by isoproterenol could be blocked by propranolol. "Selective" beta2-stimulants such as terbutaline or salbutamol induced no relaxation. The results suggest the presence of alpha-receptors mediating constriction and possibly beta1-receptors mediating relaxation in human segmental arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Physiological and pharmacological studies on isolated human bronchial preparations.

The contractile response of human bronchial smooth muscle preparations obtained after death (necrobronchi) from 15 patients was studied in vitro. Reproduceable responses sufficient for calculating dose-response curves, could be obtained up to 30 h after death. A number of smooth muscle stimulants were investigated: 1) carbacholine, 2) acetylcholine, 3) histamine and 4) electrical field stimulation. In addition to these bronchial smooth muscle relaxants such as adrenaline, salbutamol and terbutaline were also studied. These agents showed a dose-dependent relaxation in preparations previously treated with carbacholine. It can be concluded that in vitro testing of smooth muscle preparations obtained from human cadavers is possible.

Acetylcholine↗