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Biomedical subjects

J Bober

Publications and source records attributed to J Bober.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

The activity of erythrocyte sodium-proton exchanger in women with pregnancy- induced hypertension.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension that develops after 20 gestational weeks and is defined as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). The main cause of PIH is vasoconstriction and the thickening of vascular media, which decreases vascular capacity and increases peripheral resistance. One of the theories postulated to explain this phenomenon is that a transmembrane sodium transport disorder causes an increase in intracellular sodium concentration. In the latest literature, special attention is paid to the role of the increased intracellular sodium concentration in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH). One of the best documented phenotypes for EH is the increased activity of the sodium-proton exchanger (NHE). The aim of this study was to assess if increased NHE activity could be the mechanism responsible for the development of PIH. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included 30 women: 10 pregnant women with PIH after gestational week 30, 10 women with physiological pregnancy after 30 gestational weeks, and 10 healthy non-pregnant women. NHE activity was determined according to Orlov's method as amiloride-sensitive H(+) efflux from acid-loaded cells. RESULTS: The NHE activity in the group of women with PIH was significantly higher than that in women with physiological pregnancy: 10.09 +/- 1.65 vs. 6.81 +/- 2.3 mmol/L RBC/h (p < 0.049) and in the group of non-pregnant women: 10.09 +/- 1.65 vs. 7.56 +/- 1.66 mmol/L RBC/h (p < 0.029). Erythrocyte NHE activity did not differ in the group of women with physiological pregnancy and in the group of non-pregnant women. CONCLUSION: These results seem to suggest that erythrocyte NHE activity is elevated in PIH pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Ischaemic-reperfusion damage of tissue and critical limb ischaemia.

Recently, the quality of the critical limb ischaemia therapy (CLI) has evidently increased due to the development of the surgical techniques, material and endovascular methods. Most vascular surgeons, in their effort to help patients, advocate an active approach to re-vascularisation also in those patients who in the past had to undergo primary amputation. The fact that the best results of re-vascularisation are referred from large specialised centres cannot be contested. One of the expected causes of re-vascularisation failure (local or complex) is also ischaemic-reperfusion damage (IRD) of the tissue (Fig. 3, Ref 27).

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Effect of laser irradiation of diode laser on healing of surgical wounds in rats].

The aim of this work was to continue in previous study, which concerns biostimulation of skin wound healing evaluated after 24, 48, 120, 168 hours and so complete the chronological continuance of the process during the first seven days. Male, Sprague-Dawley rats (n=21) were used for the experiment. The rats were divided into 3 groups of 7 animals. In general anaesthesia (combination of xylazine, ketamine and tramadol) under aseptic condition two 3,5 cm long parallel skin incisions were performed on the left and right side of the rats spine and immediately sutured. The left wounds were daily stimulated with the diode laser (670 nm). The right wounds were not stimulated and served as control. The specimens of skin wounds were removed for histological evaluation 72, 96 and 144 hours after surgery. The biological specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and histopathologically evaluated. In summary, in our histomorphological study of the influence of laser irradiation on primary wound healing evaluated after 72, 96 and 144 hours was concluded, that the healing of stimulated wounds was accelerated in comparison with controls. The histological evaluation showed earlier regress of inflammatory phase, faster finishing of reepithelization and acceleration in maturation phase. Presented experimental study completes the previous study and achieves the positive effect of biostimulation on all phases of skin wound healing in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Exchange of unsaturated fatty acids between adipose tissue and atherosclerotic plaque studied with artificial neural networks.

The linoleic C18:2 (n-6) and linolenic C18:3 (n-3) are recognized as essential components of the diet. Free radical peroxidation of essential fatty acids (EFAs) present in lipoproteins produces oxidized low-density lipoproteins which play a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. The accumulation of EFAs in the vascular wall and correlations between their content in the adipose tissue and atherosclerotic plaque have been confirmed. The present study was undertaken to determine the usefulness of a neural network for studying the exchange between tissues of linoleic, alpha-linolenic, and arachidonic acids-three fatty acids with a well-understood metabolism. Atheromatous plaques, adipose tissue, and serum were obtained from 31 patients who underwent surgery due to atherosclerotic stenosis of the abdominal aorta, iliac or femoral arteries. Fatty acids were extracted and separated as methyl esters using gas chromatography. Statistical analysis was done with STATISTICA neural networks package. Several correlations reported previously were corroborated and factors modifying the content of individual EFAs in adipose tissue and atherosclerotic plaque were revealed. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to determine factors modifying the content of linoleic, alpha-linolenic, and arachidonic acids in human atheromatous plaques. The mechanism of exchange of some fatty acids between the adipose tissue, atheromatous plaque, and plasma is discussed. The results provide evidence for an effective mechanism of tissue uptake and turnover of linoleic acid. Reduced plasma levels of this acid are compensated by release from adipose tissue and atheromatous plaque. While alpha-linolenic acid is continuously taken up by the plaque, adipose tissue absorbs this acid to a certain level only. The dynamics of exchange of arachidonic acid between adipose tissue and atheromatous plaque reflects a minor role for adipose tissue in determining plaque content of this acid, suggesting that "de novo" synthesis is the chief source of arachidonic acid in plaques.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2004

The influence of oxidative stress on permeability of capillary vessels in the cheek pouch of hamsters with alloxan-induced diabetes.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of oxidative stress on the increase of permeability of capillary vessels in animals with alloxan-induced diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The studies were performed in microcirculation system of hamster cheek pouch. After the blockade of histamine receptors and administration of diamine oxidase (DAO) and histamine into circulation fluorescein angiography was done. In addition, the influence of superoxide dismutase, aminoguanidine (DAO inhibitor) and trascolan (protease inhibitor) on vascular permeability caused by superoxide radical generation in DAO/histamine system was assessed. RESULTS: The number of extravasal leakages in the group receiving HA and DAO was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the groups receiving potential vascular "sealers", e.g. SOD, aminoguanidine or trascolan. In the group receiving aminoguanidine the number of leakages was significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to the group receiving SOD or trascolan. CONCLUSIONS: The protective effect of aminoguanidine, superoxide dismutase or trascolan decreasing the vascular permeability, suggests that the increased vascular permeability is a result of superoxide radical generation by diamine oxidase.

Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)↗
PubMed2004

Adrenal myelolipoma. 6 cases and a review of the literature.

Adrenal myelolipoma is an uncommon, benign and hormonally inactive tumor. Most lesions are asymptomatic and usually are discovered incidentally at autopsy studies. Authors report on 6 patients (5 women, 1 man) with adrenal myelolipomas (5 right, 1 left), analyze their morphological findings and association with an adrenal hormonal overproduction. Five of the patients underwent surgery because of tumor size, in 3 of them histological evaluation confirmed myelolipoma and in 2 cases an adrenocortical adenoma with foci of myelolipoma. All the patients were asymptomatic and in 4 cases hormonal overproduction was not found. One female patient has oveproduction of dehydroepiandrosteron-sulphate (DHEAS) indicating a 3beta hydroxylase deficiency in this tumor and 1 patient has primary aldosteronism with a histological finding of an association of adrenocortical adenoma with foci of myelolipoma. Neither Cushings syndrome nor congenital adrenal hyperplasia were present in our group of patients.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed2003

[Continuous lavage in the treatment of severe necrotizing pancreatitis].

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to summarize five-year experience with the method of closed continuous lavage in the treatment of severe necrotic pancreatitis. To compare the advantages and disadvantages and to compare the achieved results with those of other authors. METHOD: The authors evaluated in the form of a retrospective analysis the results achieved in a group of 54 patients treated by the above method implemented under conditions and rules defined in advance. The drains were placed with regard to the results of CT and the surgical finding. For the lavage saline was used with addition of antibiotic alternately with Povidon iodide solution. Parameters and objectives outlined in advance were followed up. RESULTS: As the main criteria of evaluation and comparison of results was evaluation of the mortality (27.7%) in the whole group of the most severe forms of acute pancreatitis. It is comparable with the world literature. The incidence of complications and relatively small number of surgical revisions (33%), the mean period of hospitalization (56.8 days) and tolerance of the procedure by the patients were also evaluated positively. CONCLUSIONS: The method of continuous closed lavage in the treatment of severe forms of acute pancreatitis is an asset to the contemporary therapeutic concept due to the high predominance of advantages over disadvantages.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Chronic hypokalaemia--how to establish a diagnosis?

We present three cases of patients with symptomatic, chronic, diagnosis-resistant hypokalaemia. Differential diagnosis of renal potassium loss between Gitelman's syndrome, Bartter's syndrome and loop diuretic abuse was made. Key elements in differential diagnosis of chronic hypokalaemia are blood pressure assessment, acid base equilibrium, serum calcium concentration, 24-hour urine potassium and calcium excretion.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed2002

[Liver abscess--a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal drainage--case report].

The authors present liver abscess as the rare complication of a ventriculoperitoneal drainage. Diagnostics includes combination of USG and CT examination. The treatment requires the evacuation of an abscess cavity temporary followed by the externalization of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and antibiotic therapy. This complication is important to think about in the differential diagnostics of acute fever, abdominal pain and general signs of sepsis in a patient with ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Gastrointestinal surgical complications after kidney transplantation].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Clinical spectrum of gastrointestinal (GI) complication in renal transplant recipients ranges from nonspecific signs of abdominal discomfort to life-threatening surgical emergencies. The manifestation of such complications is modified by antirejection therapy with resulting risk of diagnostic and therapeutic error. The present study analyses the incidence of serious GI complications after renal transplantation and their treatment. METHODS: Retrospective analysis in a university transplant center in years 1988-2000. There was 239 renal transplants performed in 234 patients (age 42 +/- 14). Male to female ratio was 140.99. Polycystic kidney disease patients comprised 9% (n = 22). RESULTS: Five serious GI complications resulting in death were recorded (2x upper GI bleed, 1x acute pancreatitis, 1x bowel obstruction in sclerotizing peritonitis, 1x diffuse purulent peritonitis of unknown origin). There was no case of diverticulitis. The average time onset of lethal GI complication was 2.8 +/- 1.4 years after renal transplantation. There was no statistically significant relation to underlying diagnosis of renal failure, warm and cold ischemia time, and time elapsed after transplantation. CONCLUSION: GI complications have increased incidence in patients after renal transplantation. The incidence of complications has no relationship to underlying diagnosis of renal failure, warm and cold ischemia time, and time elapsed after transplantation. Patients involved in transplant program should be carefully followed and thoroughly examined with any new GI symptomatology. Further studies are necessary to evaluate potential of pre-transplant screening programs.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Surgery of the tumours of the liver.

BACKGROUND: Recent decades have seen new methods of resection techniques which have contributed to improved results. AIM: To provide a review of state-of-the-art knowledge of surgical treatment of liver tumours. The clinical material is analyzed. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the patients of clinical department of surgery of the university hospital. A representative group of patients could be studied in years 1998-2001 when the ultrasonic (harmonic) scalpel became available for liver resection in our patients. RESULTS: The study consists of 99 patients with an average age of 59 years. Haemangioma was the most common benign tumour (7 cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma was the most frequent primary malignancy (18 cases). The prevailing cause among secondary malignant liver masses was metastasis of colorectal carcinoma (20 cases). The most frequently used anatomical resections were right hemihepatectomy or left hemihepatectomy and bisegmentectomy in 18 and 14 patients respectively. Local complications occurred in 17% and systemic complications in 6% of patients. There were no postoperative deaths. CONCLUSION: Liver resection, either anatomical or non anatomical, remains the golden standard among the methods of treatment of hepatic tumours. New techniques have contributed to the traditional hepatic resection. The authors' group showed promising short term results. (Tab. 7, Ref. 31.).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Rubber band ligation of hemorrhoids in ambulatory care].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of elastic ligation in internal haemorrhoids in our out-patient setting. METHODS: The authors performed elastic ligation of haemorrhoids in 77 patients, and of these 71 (92%) procedures were accomplished in out-patients. The procedure was indicated in second and third-degree symptomatic haemorrhoids and was carried out without local anaesthesia with the aid a Seward Medical applicator. Typically, one haemorrhoidal node was treated per one session. All patients were clinically examined two weeks after completion of treatment. RESULTS: The success rate of the procedure was 91%. The results were analyzed by a questionnaire. The most common unpleasant symptoms were pain and tenesms. Bleeding occurred in 6 patients. There was no serious life-threatening complication. CONCLUSION: Based on our observation we consider band ligation as a reliable therapy for symptomatic internal haemorrhoids in out-patients. We suggest reminding patients of possible of complications, unpleasant symptoms sensations restricting their daily activity on the first days after the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Anastomosis using the Valtrac ring--pro and con].

Authors present their experiences with the gastrointestinal anastomosis construction with the biofragmentable ring (Valtrac). Between May 1995 and June 1999 they used it in the group of 75 patients with mean age 58.4 (range 19-59) years. They used Valtrac most often--in 32 patients--to construct the anastomosis between small and large bowel after right hemicolectomy. One enterocutaneous fistula and one intestinal obstruction due to adhesions occurred in this group. Two patients had the signs of fecal impaction in postoperative period, which disappeared after the ring fragmentation. According to their experiences authors claim, that the anastomosis with Valtrac is a safe procedure with a few number of postoperative complications. Disadvantage in our conditions is its high price.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Hormonal and morphologic characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas].

The authors analyse hormonal and morphological characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas, i.e. pathological adrenal masses accidentally found on CT scan performed due to extraadrenal causes of other causes of adrenal pathology. The group of patients was consisted by 42 patients at the age 24-79 years (27 females and 15 males). The most frequent clinical symptoms included arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity. CT examinations revealed 36 cases of unilateral lesions (in 21 cases the lesions were localised on the right and in 15 cases on the left) and 6 bilateral lesions. The size of adrenal masses ranged from 7 mm to 12 cm. The CT examination helped in characterising myelolipomas in 3 cases, cysts in two cases, and pre-assuming malignity in 6 cases. Hormonal analyses have revealed primary aldosteronism in 2 cases, subclinical hypercortisolism in 1, steroid enzymopathy in 2 and secondary hyperaldosteronism in 2 patients. No patient had catecholamine overproduction. 19 patients were indicated for adrenalectomy with the following histological findings.: adenoma (n = 5), cyst (n = 2), myelolipoma (n = 3), carcinoma (n = 3), feochromocytoma, ganglioneuroma, metastases, lymphoma, sarcoidosis and pseudodrenal structure--Gravitz tumor (n = 1, respectively). The size of all neoplasms exceeded 3 cm, therefore the authors recommend adrenalectomy in incidentalomas with hormonal activity exceeding 3 cm in size. (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 17.)

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1999

[Incidence of primary hyperaldosteronism in hospitalized patients with hypertension].

AIMS: To detect the incidence of primary hyperaldosteronism (PH) in hospitalized hypertensive patients. METHODS: Authors assessed plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone (PA) in 100 patients with arterial hypertension hospitalized at the II. department of Internal medicine in Kosice because of resistance to ambulatory treatment, eventually with the aim of differential diagnosis of arterial hypertension. RESULTS: From 100 hypertensive patients 90 (90%) have had essential hypertension (EH), 8 (8%) PH, 2 (2%) renovascular hypertension and 1 patient (1%) pheochromocytoma. Aldosterone-renin ratio was in PH patients 10-fold higher comparing with EH patients. From the 8 patients with PH 4 have had adenoma and in 3 patients hyperplasia was diagnosed with the use of CT or histology, 1 case was idiopathic hyperaldosteronism without CT hyperplasia evidence. In all PH patients the level of kalemia was less than 4 mmol/l, i.e. kalemia 4.0 mmol/l has 100% sensitivity for PH detection. CONCLUSION: Introduction of PRA and PA examinations in the diagnostic process of arterial hypertension led to more frequent diagnosis of PH, which may probably represent the most frequent form of endocrine hypertension. Although ARR is a reliable test for PH screening, routine ARR examinations in ambulatory practice are technically complicated and connected with high costs. Increasing the threshold level of kalemia for PH detection led to higher sensitivity and that is why the authors consider ARR examination rational in every patient with kalemia level less than 4 mmol/l. (Tab. 4, Ref. 18.)

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of an anomalous right hepatic artery with arteriobiliary fistula and hemobilia].

The authors describe a rare case of posttraumatic pseudoaneurysm of an anomaly arising right hepatic artery accompanied with arteriobiliary fistula. Treacherousness of this case was given by anomaly origin of the affected vessel. Thirty-four year old female has been treated at the author's department after sustained knife abdominal injury. Before our treatment, she was twice operated at the other hospital for haemoperitoneum and subhepatic abscess with haemobilia. The patient was transferred to the 1st department of surgery in Kosice because of septic shock, right-lobe hepatic abscess and repeated haemobilia. Selective hepatico-mesentericography revealed the cause of haemobilia. At the operation a double ligation of anomaly right hepatic artery was carried out together with closure of arteriobiliary fistula via choledochotomy. Haemobilia was not seen after surgery and the patient was discharged without any signs of liver disfunction. Repeated angiography showed closure of anomaly arising vessel.

Adult↗