The role of vincristine in the treatment of childhood acute leukemia.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
J Blom
Publications and source records attributed to J Blom.
Infectious mononucleosis preceding acute myelomonocytic leukemia.
The patient discussed in this report had acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) associated with infectious mononucleosis. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) in association with acute leukemia (AL) has provided clinical investigators an active area of speculation for several years. Nineteen cases are presented for review in Table 1. The present case represents the second case of AMML to be associated with IM. It is the first case of a granulocytic leukemia reported in which active IM is occurring simultaneously with the onset of AL. Also, it represents the first case of associated IM-AL in which the diagnosis of IM is supported by lymphocyte culture data. This may represent a mechanism for additional investigation in future cases.
Acute Disease↗
Aerococcus urinae: polyphasic characterization of the species.
A polyphasic characterization of Aerococcus urinae is presented. In this study the intraspecies relationships between 26 strains of varying geographical origin were examined by phenotypic tests, ribotyping and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. The results demonstrated two main phenotypic patterns that could be distinguished in tests for hydrolysis of aesculin, and acid production from amygdalin and salicin. Strains were either negative (n=19) or positive (n=6) in these tests. One strain had a deviating pattern. Heterogeneity within the 19 pattern I strains was demonstrated especially by phenotypic tests (acid production from ribose, mannitol, sorbitol, sucrose and D-arabitol) and by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. However, DNA sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA (n=7) and gyrB genes (n=3) from strains representing the two main patterns showed no variation in sequences among strains. Comparison of A. urinae and representatives of related taxa by 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the taxon is related to, but distinct from, other Aerococcus spp.
DNA Gyrase↗
P53 and radiotherapy for oesophageal carcinoma: A comparison between 4 different antibodies.
Wild-type p53 protein plays an important role in the cellular response to ionising radiation and other DNA damaging agents and is mutated in many human tumours. Immunohistochemistry is a rapid method to detect elevated protein levels. The p53 status in a group of patients treated by radiotherapy exclusively for oesophagus carcinoma was examined and correlated with pre-treatment parameters and treatment outcome with regard to overall survival, local recurrence-free survival and distant metastases-free survival. Four different antibodies were used to evaluate their predictive power to detect p53 expression. Immunostaining for p53 protein with 4 different antibodies was performed on paraffin-embedded specimens from 69 patients with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. All patients were treated with radiotherapy exclusively, consisting of external irradiation combined with intraluminal brachytherapy. Detection of p53 using the antibody (DO7) was significantly correlated with overall survival and distant metastases-free survival. For local recurrence-free survival no statistical significance was reached. The use of the other 3 antibodies all showed the same trend with regard to distant metastases, however statistical significance was not reached. The use of multiple antibodies did not increase the predictive value of DO7. Both for survival and metastases-free survival the use of DO7 alone was sufficient as a significant prognostic factor. We conclude that in this series, only the use of DO7 was correlated with prognosis in oesophagus carcinoma treated by radiotherapy only and that addition of 3 antibodies did not improve the predictive power.
Adenocarcinoma↗
The influence of pre-operative radiotherapy on the expression of p53 and adhesion molecules: correlation with treatment results in patients with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma.
E-cadherin and the catenins are responsible for inter-cellular adhesion in epithelial tissues. E-cadherin and/or catenin expression is often altered in malignancies, leading to increased invasiveness and metastatic activity of tumour cells. Intact adhesion molecules reduce the risk on distant metastases. This is confirmed by studies mostly performed on surgical series, correlating e-cadherin expression in tumours with prognosis and treatment outcome. It has become more apparent that anti-cancer treatment by itself can also affect the expression of adhesion molecules. We therefore suggest that the prognostic value of e-cadherin expression may depend on the treatment modality and the sequence of therapies administered for malignant tumours. We used paraffin embedded specimens from patients with rectal tumours and patients with laryngeal tumours treated by short course radiotherapy before definitive surgery. Expression of p53, e-cadherin, and beta-catenin was determined in pre-radiotherapy biopsies and in the surgical specimens. Material was available from 37 patients. We found no correlation between the expression of p53, e-cadherin or beta-catenin and pre-treatment parameters. Mutated p53 in pre-radiation biopsy correlated with increased occurrence of distant metastases and there was an unexpected trend for abnormal e-cadherin expression to correlate with reduced metastases. The prognostic value of p53 no longer existed after examination of the surgical specimens (post-radiotherapy). There was a trend for e-cadherin to reverse from abnormal to normal expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas after radiotherapy, in 5/7 cases it was accompanied with p53 conversion from positive to negative expression. Based on this study it is suggested that the predictive value of the e-cadherin expression for the occurrence of distant metastases in tumours treated by radiotherapy before surgery may be different from that found in tumours treated by surgery only. This may be related to the influence of radiotherapy on e-cadherin expression, especially in squamous cell carcinomas. Alteration in p53 expression was of predictive value only in pre-treatment biopsies and the beta-catenin status did not correlate with treatment outcome in this series.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Preliminary trials with a combination of adriamycin (NSC-123127) and bleomycin (NSC-125066) in adult malignancies.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
VP-16-213 in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
VP-16-213 has been used in 5-day courses together with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), vincristine, and prednisone for treatment of 74 consecutive patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Ninety-one percent of patients with favourable histology and 69% with unfavorable histology achieved complete or partial remissions (overall response rate of 76%). The frequency of complete remission was disappointingly low (22%), possibly due to reduction of doses of the other myelosuppressive agents in the present combination. Further trials with VP-16-213 in other combination chemotherapy are required.
Cyclophosphamide↗