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Biomedical subjects

J Block

Publications and source records attributed to J Block.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Antinucleic acid autoantibody responses of normal human origin: antigen specificity and idiotypic characteristics compared to patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and patients with monoclonal IgM.

One idiotype family 4.6.3 derived from a human hybridoma IgML monoclonal anti-DNA antibody of normal origin is commonly expressed (approximately 85%) in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus but not in normal controls, where its level appears to fluctuate with clinical disease activity. In contrast, the IgM released by normal cultured lymphocytes in vitro expresses this idiotype family but does not bind DNA. Both idiotype 4.6.3 and anti-DNA antibodies are frequently detectable in the serum of patients with monoclonal IgM but not IgG. Therefore, it is likely that idiotype 4.6.3 reflects the expression of a common germ line immunoglobulin gene family. Some of the IgM molecules encoded by these germ line immunoglobulin genes also bind DNA.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1986

Egocentrism and ego resiliency: personality characteristics associated with perspective-taking from early childhood to adolescence.

In this study we examined the longitudinal relation between ego resiliency and egocentrism. Measures of Level 1 and Level 2 egocentrism were administered to one hundred eleven 3 1/2-year-old children. Independent personality evaluations were available on these children at ages 3, 4, 7, 11, and 14 in the form of Q-sort ratings by independent sets of teachers and examiners. The relation between egocentrism and ego resiliency was observed to depend on level of egocentrism, as well as on sex of subject. In the sample of girls, both Level 1 and Level 2 egocentrism were negatively correlated with ego resiliency concurrently at age 3, but no long-term implications of egocentrism emerged. In the sample of boys, Level 1 egocentrism was consistently negatively associated with ego resiliency from early childhood (age 3) into adolescence (age 14). However, Level 2 egocentrism displayed no concurrent nor any dependable longitudinal relation with ego resiliency. The discussion focuses on possible interpretations of the relation between egocentrism and ego resiliency and on the sex differences in the pattern of longitudinal results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Social roles and social perception: individual differences in attribution and error.

In a replication of the social roles experiment by Ross, Amabile, and Steinmetz (1977), 103 male and female 14-year-olds viewed a brief videotape that showed a randomly assigned "questioner" asking general knowledge questions of a "contestant," who answered most of them incorrectly. Subjects subsequently manifested the role-based attribution error of attributing significantly more knowledge and ability to the arbitrarily designated questioner than to the arbitrarily designated contestant, and this effect was stronger among girls than boys. Personality data were available on the subjects for when they were in nursery school and again at age 14 in the form of independent Q-sort ratings. Personality correlates of the role effect were stronger among boys but manifested a basically similar pattern among girls and suggested that those most prone to make this attribution error, far from being disadvantaged in social judgment, tended to be more socially engaged and competent as well as emotionally well adjusted. The role effect was also positively associated with self-esteem. Personality correlates of attributional generosity and the tendency to attribute high ability to stimulus persons were associated with generally positive interpersonal qualities and attitudes. Results were interpreted in terms of usually appropriate heuristic social competencies that, in special circumstances, may sometimes underlie attribution errors. The general usefulness of examining individual differences in research on social cognition was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The personality of children prior to divorce: a prospective study.

In a longitudinal study, the personalities of children from intact families at ages 3, 4, and 7 were reliably assessed by independent sets of raters using Q-items reflecting important psychological characteristics of children. A number of these families subsequently experienced divorce. The behavior of boys was found, as early as 11 years prior to parental separation or formal dissolution of marriage, to be consistently affected by what can be presumed to be predivorce familial stress. The behavior of boys from subsequently divorcing families was characterized by undercontrol of impulse, aggression, and excessive energy prior to parental divorce. The behavior of girls from subsequently divorcing families was found to be notably less affected by the stresses in families prior to parental divorce. The prospective relations afforded by the longitudinal analyses suggest that the behavior of conflicting, inaccessible parents during the preseparation period may have serious consequences for personality development, especially for boys. Hence, some characteristics of children commonly seen to be a consequence of divorce may be present prior to marital dissolution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Analytical profile of metaclazepam.

Physical and physicochemical properties of 7-bromo-5-(2'-chlorophenyl)-2, 3-dihydro-2-(methoxy-methyl)-1-methyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazepine (metaclazepam, Talis), a new anxiolytic 2-methoxymethyl-1,4-benzodiazepine derivative, are reported. Furthermore the analytical methods for quantitative determinations of metaclazepam are described.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1984

Differential pulse polarographic determination of plasma menadione.

A differential pulse polarographic assay for plasma vitamin K3 (menadione) has been developed. Details of the assay are (i) lipid-soluble material is extracted from plasma into ether by the method of Bjornsson et al. [(1978) Thromb. Haemostas. 2, 466-473]; (ii) ether is evaporated under nitrogen and the residue is dissolved in the supporting electrolyte, methanol: 0.2 M borate buffer (9:1), pH 6.8; (iii) current height is measured at -0.32 V vs SCE on the differential pulse polarogram. The lower sensitivity limit of this technique after addition of standard vitamin K3 to plasma is 0.3 microM; the calibration curve is linear from 0.6 through 10 microM. Two patients treated with a single dose of menadiol sodium diphosphate, 20 mg/M2 i.m., achieved measurable plasma vitamin K3 levels at 0.5 to 1.0 h ranging between 0.5 (0.08 micrograms/ml) and 2 microM (0.3 micrograms/ml).

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Anti-DNA autoantibody-producing hybridomas of normal human lymphoid cell origin.

Fusion of human myeloma cell line GM 4672 and tonsillar lymphoid cells from a normal donor resulted in 13 primary hybridomas, which produced IgM anti-single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) antibodies, as determined in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nine of these primary hybridomas have been cloned and a total of 34 clones were obtained. Supernatants of these cloned hybridomas were tested for binding to ssDNA, native DNA, RNA, low molecular weight supernatant DNA, polydeoxyguanylate-polydeoxycitidylate, polydeoxyadenylate-thymidylate sodium salt, and cardiolipin. Supernatants from all clones but one showed polyspecificity when reacting with the antigens tested. That the clones were true hybridomas rather than transformed lymphoid cells was evidence by IgM anti-DNA antibody secretion, karyotype analysis, and HLA typing. These studies imply that immunoglobulin genes encoding for anti-DNA autoantibodies with a spectrum of nucleic acid specificities similar to systemic lupus erythematosus, exist among normal B lymphocytes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Dundee chordomas.

All patients with chordomas that have been treated in the Dundee neurosurgical unit are reviewed. Five intracranial and two sacral chordomas have presented since the unit opened in 1966. Survival has ranged from one to fifteen years following treatment. The difficulties in diagnosis and in assessing treatment of these rare slow growing neoplasms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of serologic reactivity among SLE patients with or without anti-Ro (SS-A) antibodies.

The serum from 112 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was examined to compare serologic reactivity among anti-Ro positive and anti-Ro negative patients. While hypergammaglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor (RF) and elevated Clq binding were significantly more frequent among the anti-Ro positive group there was no increase in the frequency of anti-dsDNA antibody measured by the Farr assay or antibodies to ssDNA, dsDNA, poly dG . poly dC, poly (dA-dT) and cardiolipin measured by ELISA. Patients with the highest levels of anti-DNA antibody by the Farr assay did not have any increased frequency of anti-Ro antibodies. We concluded that anti-Ro and anti-DNA antibodies are independently regulated. The frequent occurrence of RF in anti-Ro positive SLE patients may provide a useful screening assay for this autoantibody among pregnant SLE patients.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1982

The hemostatic system in children undergoing intensive plasma exchange.

We report the effects on the hemostatic system of intensive plasma exchange therapy using replacement fluids devoid of plasma coagulation proteins. Five children were studied during ten exchanges. There were no hemorrhagic episodes clearly attributable to the plasma exchange, but one patient developed recurrent thrombosis of the vascular access used for the procedure. Plasma values of the various coagulation factors (II to XII) were decreased by 35 to 67% immediately following the plasmapheresis. The mean decrease in levels of antithrombin III antigen and activity and of plasminogen were 58, 60, and 66%, respectively. The recurrent thrombosis of the vascular access in one of the patients, and the decrease in antithrombin III and plasminogen values in plasma following plasmapheresis in all patients, suggest that there is increased potential for thrombosis in patients undergoing intensive plasmapheresis, despite the depletion of coagulation factors. At 24 hours following plasmapheresis the values for all factors were within normal limits, attesting to the ability of the synthetic mechanisms in children to replenish hemostatic factors rapidly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Audit odds.

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Accounting↗
PubMed1981

A randomized comparison of radiotherapy with a radiotherapy--chemotherapy combination in stage IV carcinoma of the head and neck.

Between 1975 and 1978, 23 patients with Stage IV, unresectable, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were randomized to receive radiotherapy (RT, 11 patients), or radiotherapy-chemotherapy (RT & CT, 12 patients). The response rate for the 12 RT & CT patients was four complete remissions (CR) and four partial remissions (PR); the 11 RT patients had one CR and three PR. The presence of a responses (CR or PR) significantly enhanced the median survival (14 vs. 5 months; P = 0.005). The duration of objectives remission was longer among the RT & CT patients when compared with RT patients (6 vs. 2.3 months, P = 0.18). The median survival of the RT & CT group was 12 months compared with 5.6 months for the RT group (P = 0.13). One RT & CT patient remains alive with disease at 44 months, one RT patient remains alive without disease at 30 months. The present chemotherapy regimen did not modify the pattern of failure and only marginally increased patient survival. It did, however, increase the response rate. The authors plan to reactivate the trial with modification in the induction chemotherapy and the addition of postradiation maintenance CT consisting of sequential bleomycin and cis-platinum.

Aged↗