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Biomedical subjects

J Biederman

Publications and source records attributed to J Biederman.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A family study of patients with attention deficit disorder and normal controls.

In a family study of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), we collected data on first-degree relatives of 22 children with ADD and 20 normal children. The morbidity risk for ADD was 31.5% in the first group. This was significantly higher than the rate of 5.7% in the control group. Relatives of ADD probands were also shown to be at higher risk for Oppositional Disorders and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The findings indicate that ADD is a familial disorder associated with increased familial risk of other psychiatric disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

MMPI profiles in anorexia nervosa patients with and without major depression.

Anorexia nervosa patients with (AN-RDC+) and without (AN-RDC-) a current episode of nonbipolar major depression (MDD) differed with respect to their Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) profiles. Mean MMPI scores in AN-RDC+ significantly differed from AN-RDC-patients in all but two MMPI scales. AN-RDC+ patients had a significantly higher number of abnormal (T greater than 70) MMPI scales per subject and significantly more subjects with greater than or equal to 3 abnormal scales compared with AN-RDC-patients. These MMPI data suggest that the presence or absence of MDD in anorectic patients may distinguish meaningful subtypes and provide further support for the validity of the stratification of anorectic patients into those with and without nonbipolar MDD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A case of Tourette's syndrome with symptoms of attention deficit disorder treated with desipramine.

Therapy for Tourette's syndrome with tricyclic antidepressants has had varied results. Previous reports have not addressed the frequent association of symptoms of attention deficit disorder (ADD) with Tourette's syndrome or the plasma levels of tricyclic antidepressants. A boy with Tourette's syndrome and ADD-like symptoms was treated with desipramine, and all the symptoms improved. This drug may be effective therapy for patients with Tourette's syndrome and ADD-like symptoms.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1986

Desipramine in the treatment of children with attention deficit disorder.

Eighteen children with attention deficit disorder were treated with desipramine in a prospective open trial to assess its efficacy and safety. Improvement occurred within 4 weeks and was sustained without significant adverse effects for up to 52 weeks.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1985

Amitriptyline in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

The tricyclic antidepressant drug amitriptyline was evaluated as a short-term treatment of anorexia nervosa patients. In a 5-week double-blind, placebo-controlled study 11 patients were given amitriptyline and 14 received placebo. In addition, 18 patients who refused to participate in the drug trial and received only psychosocial treatment were used as an additional comparison group. Overall, patients in the three groups showed little improvement. No statistically significant differences favoring amitriptyline were found in any of the outcome variables. Plasma levels varied widely among patients receiving similar doses. No association was found between plasma levels and improvement in either psychiatric symptomatology or weight. Amitriptyline patients did not manifest any tendency for a reduction of depressive symptomatology. In addition, amitriptyline treatment was associated with substantial discomfort and adverse affects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Urinary mhpg in anorexia nervosa patients with and without a concomitant major depressive disorder.

Twenty-four hour urinary MHPG excretion was measured in a group of anorexia nervosa patients before and after five weeks of treatment and in matched normal control subjects. A sub-group of anorexia nervosa patients who met research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for a concomitant major depressive disorder (AN-RDC +) was found to have, both initially and after treatment, significantly lower mean urinary MHPG levels than the normal control subjects. In contrast, mean urinary MHPG levels in anorexia nervosa patients who did not meet criteria for major depressive disorder (AN-RDC +) were similar to values in normal controls. Utilizing the median value of all urinary MHPG samples as the cut-off point, it was found that significantly more AN-RDC + patients excreted low MHPG compared with AN-RDC-patients and normal control subjects. The manifestation of a major depressive disorder according to RDC was found to be more important than body size variables in predicting the variance of MHPG. It is suggested that urinary MHPG levels may be useful in discriminating between sub-types of anorexia nervosa patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Platelet MAO activity in anorexia nervosa patients with and without a major depressive disorder.

Platelet MAO activity was determined in 33 anorexia nervosa patients. A subgroup of 15 patients who met Research Diagnostic Criteria for a concomitant major depressive disorder were found to have, both initially and after 5 weeks of treatment, significantly lower mean platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity than 28 matched normal control subjects. In contrast, mean platelet MAO activity in the patients who did not meet criteria for major depressive disorder was similar to values in control subjects. The authors found that significantly more depressed patients had low MAO activity compared with nondepressed patients and controls. Platelet MAO activity may be useful in discriminating among subtypes of anorexia nervosa patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Anorexia nervosa and affective disorders: a controlled family history study.

Analysis of family history information from a prospectively studied group of 40 young female patients with anorexia nervosa and 23 normal control female subjects of similar age showed more depression and substance use disorders in first- and second-degree relatives of anorexia nervosa patients. Further, the pedigrees of the patients differed significantly from those of the control subjects in the higher frequency of depression and substance use disorders in consecutive generations and in the family "loading" of these disorders. These findings, consistent with previous reports, add to the growing evidence of an association between anorexia nervosa and familial risk for affective and related disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

High frequency of HLA-Bw16 in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Anorectic patients (N = 37) had a higher frequency of HLA-Bw16 than normal controls, due to the higher frequency of HLA-Bw38. They also had a higher rate of A26-Bw38. HLA typing may lead to hypotheses about the biology of anorexia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Depression and anorexia nervosa of persons with Down syndrome.

The manifestations of major depression in three adults with Down syndrome, one of whom also suffered from anorexia nervosa, were described. The clinical manifestations depended on patient's developmental level, particularly on verbal language skills. Behavioral and vegetative symptoms predominated when the retardation was more severe, whereas in the higher functioning patient affective symptoms were more readily recognizable. The overall findings indicate that major depression in persons with Down syndrome may be more frequent than previously assumed and that it can be diagnosed with standard diagnostic DSM III criteria, modified according to the patient's developmental level.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Combination of lithium carbonate and haloperidol in schizo-affective disorder: a controlled study.

Lithium carbonate alone has been shown to be inferior to neuroleptics alone in the treatment of excited schizo-affective illness. However, in clinical practice, lithium carbonate and neuroleptics are often combined in this disorder. We report a double-blind five-week controlled trial of lithium carbonate plus haloperidol vs placebo plus haloperidol in the treatment of excited schizo-affective patients. Eighteen patients were studied in each treatment group. Modest but statistically significant differences in favor of lithium carbonate plus haloperidol were found by week 5, using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Lithium carbonate plus haloperidol was favored both for affective schizo-affectives and for schizophrenic schizo-affectives. Lithium carbonate benefit did not seem to be restricted to affective symptoms only. In the clinical treatment of acute schizo-affective illness, the modest benefits of added lithium carbonate must be weighed against the risks of the drug's toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of L-dopa and propranolol on human CSF cyclic nucleotides.

Human CSF cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP have been measured as possible indicators of activity of central neurotransmitter-sensitive adenylate or guanylate cyclase. In an attempt to help to identify the specific neurotransmitter systems of origin of human CSF cyclic AMP and GMP, we studied Parkinson patients with and without L-dopa therapy and schizophrenic patients before and after propranolol therapy. No effect of L-dopa or propranolol was found on CSF cyclic nucleotides. However, Parkinson patients had a 40-50% reduction of CSF cyclic AMP and a 80-90% reduction of CSF cyclic GMP compared with the schizophrenic patients. Implications of this finding are discussed.

Adult↗