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Biomedical subjects

J Beyer

Publications and source records attributed to J Beyer.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ciclosporin and prednisone v. prednisone in treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy: a controlled, randomized and prospective study.

Forty patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy stages III-V were divided into two groups in a random manner according to their year of birth. Group I received prednisone in decreasing dosage. Group II received prednisone at a comparable dosage and ciclosporin. Steroids were discontinued after 10 weeks in the two groups. In the patients of group II, ciclosporin was continued over 12 months. The therapeutic effect was assessed by an activity score based on subjective and objective symptoms (computerized tomography and sonography of the orbit, Hertel values, clinical findings). All signs of endocrine ophthalmopathy improved significantly in both groups (P less than 0.01 in group I; P less than 0.001 in group II). The improvement was significantly greater in group II (P less than 0.05) according to the predefined score. After corticosteroids were discontinued, inflammatory signs recurred in nine patients in group I and in one of group II. During the observation period of 12 months, relapses occurred in eight out of twenty patients in group I and in only one out of twenty in group II. Muscle thickness decreased in nine patients in group II, 6 months after beginning therapy. At this time, the results were not influenced in any of the twenty patients in group I. Microsomal antibodies decreased significantly (P less than 0.001) in the ciclosporin group, whereas no change was seen in the other group. Renal values rose within the normal range in group II. In this group, an infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae occurred in one patient after 4 months of therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in type I diabetes mellitus. Initial experience after repeated administration.

We have recently obtained encouraging short-term results after a single subcutaneous injection of the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in acromegalic patients. Increased growth hormone (GH) levels may be involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathy in type I diabetes mellitus. In this study we thus investigated the effect of 3 X 50 micrograms SMS 201-995 daily on the metabolic control and hormone secretion of eight type I diabetics over a 3-day period. GH levels decreased by 32% (p less than 0.05) and somatomedin C levels by 31% (p less than 0.01) on the 3rd day of treatment compared with a control day. The insulin requirements during conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy were reduced by 28% (p less than 0.01) in seven patients without deterioration of metabolic control (mean blood glucose levels, 153.8) versus 154.7 mg/dl). Triiodothyronine, thyroxine, glucagon, prolactin, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone showed no significant changes. We conclude that SMS 201-995 could be an excellent tool for further clinical investigation and therapy of diabetic vascular complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Metabolism of 3-nitrophenol by the frog Rana temporaria.

Frogs injected with 3-nitrophenol excreted 85-93% of the administered dose within 17 h; 70-90% dose was metabolized. Metabolites identified comprise 3-nitrophenyl glucuronide (57% dose), 3-nitrophenyl sulphate (24% dose), and 3-acetamidophenyl sulphate (2% dose). Traces of the following metabolites were found: 3-acetamidophenyl glucuronide, 3-acetamidophenol, 4-nitrocatechol, nitroquinol, 4-nitrocatechol sulphate and nitroquinol sulphate.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Catheter occlusion during intraperitoneal infusion of insulin with implanted infusion devices].

Improvement in blood sugar control can be achieved, even in patients difficult to treat, using implantable insulin infusion devices for basal insulin infusion, together with one to two additional insulin injections. However, problems involving the insulin infusion route may arise, especially when insulin is infused intraperitoneally. Catheter adhesions and insulin precipitations can occur. Catheter blockages due to insulin aggregates can largely be avoided by the use of neutral sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer. Insulin aggregations or precipitations are readily dissolved in vivo by alkaline buffer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Computer-assisted diabetes control].

Blood glucose self-monitoring is essential to stabilize diabetes on a normoglycemic level. But often patients do not find the correct insulin adaptation. Therefore, we developed a computerized system which adapts insulin doses using a control matrix. During a first in-patient period we had a remarkable blood glucose normalization and stabilization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy with urinary and plasma catecholamine determinations in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

In a retrospective study of 31 patients with suspected pheochromocytoma we examined the preoperative results of 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (131-I-MIBG) scintigraphy and a fluorimetric urine catecholamine determination test. An additional radioenzymatic plasma catecholamine determination test was performed in 25 patients. In 14 of the 31 patients the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was later histologically confirmed. In the remaining 17 patients the suspected diagnosis was finally rejected after a clinical decision had been made on the basis of clinical history, symptoms, laboratory and imaging tests. 131-I-MIBG scintigraphy apparently had a very high specificity (no false-positive results among the patients with rejected diagnosis), but showed the least sensitivity (3 of 14 tumours were not detected). Urine catecholamines showed two false-negative and three false-positive results. Plasma catecholamines had the highest sensitivity and gave only one false-positive result. Because of its high pathognomonic value 131-MIBG scintigraphy can be helpful not only for localization, but also for confirmation of diagnosis when catecholamine determination tests are contradictory. On the basis of our experience with false-positive results after interfering medication therapy, urine and plasma catecholamine determination tests should only be carried out after purification with thin layer chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1985

Localization of small islet-cell tumors. Preoperative and intraoperative ultrasound, computed tomography, arteriography, digital subtraction angiography, and pancreatic venous sampling.

A total of 42 islet-cell tumors were examined between 1972 and 1984. Problems of localization were only encountered in 31 tumors less than 2 cm in diameter. Of 31 small tumors, 27 were correctly localized using a combined diagnostic approach: ultrasound was successful in 12/20 tumors, CT in 9/21, angiography in 20/31, intraarterial digital subtraction angiography in 1/2, and pancreatic venous sampling in 13/16. The smallest tumor found by ultrasound and CT was 7 mm in diameter. Intraoperative ultrasound demonstrated all 9 insulinomas examined. Currently, the most useful techniques for localizing small islet-cell tumors are ultrasound, CT, and angiography. CT is particularly useful for tumor staging. Improvement of non-invasive diagnostic techniques will obviate the need for transhepatic blood sampling.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1985

Preliminary results with the clonidine suppression test in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

23 patients presenting with symptoms of pheochromocytoma were subjected to the clonidine suppression test. In 6 patients, in whom a pheochromocytoma was surgically approved later on, norepinephrine was not suppressed by clonidine. 17 patients in whom a secondary form of hypertension could be excluded by other diagnostic measures showed a marked decrease of plasma norepinephrine. Apart from drowsiness, no adverse side effects were observed. In our hands, the clonidine test proved as a safe and specific test in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Selective blood sampling in adrenal hypertension.

Selective venous blood sampling was performed in 89 patients with hypertension (14 pheochromocytoma, 10 Conn's syndrome, 8 Cushing's disease, 57 essential hypertension). We looked for diagnostic criteria and the valuability of blood sampling from the adrenal veins in such diseases. Defining a norepinephrine concentration of more than 8,000 ng/l as pathological, we had an accuracy of 94.6%. Defining an aldosterone concentration of more than 1,400 pg/ml as pathological, we had an accuracy of 97.4%. In Cushing's disease this method was not very helpful due to overlapping results.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Hydroxylation and conjugation of phenol by the frog Rana temporaria.

Frogs injected with phenol excrete 67-95% of dose in 15 h; 32-87% of dose are metabolites. Metabolites identified were phenyl sulphate (15-44% of dose), phenyl glucuronide (10-25% of dose), catechol sulphate (up to 7% of dose), quinol sulphate (1-25% of dose), resorcinol and catechol (traces).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Controlled study on the use of hand-held insulin dosage computers enabling conversion to and optimizing of meal-related insulin therapy regimens.

We developed a program for a pocket computer (Sharp PC-1500) enabling conversion to and optimizing of meal-related insulin injection regimens. The dosage of regular insulin injected at meal times by a penshaped device (Novo Pen) was calculated in dependence of the carbohydrate content of the ingested meal, daytime, difference of actual and target blood glucose, 4 daily glucose levels of the last 2 or 4 days and physical activity. Long-acting insulin was proposed in dependence of morning blood levels of the preceding days. The response to elevated levels was additionally determined by night values. All quantifications were based on equivalent factors reflecting relations between insulin need and blood glucose changes and carbohydrate intake, respectively. This permits a so-called "quantified adaptation", where all these factors are individually defined and steadily actualized by the computer according to the data processed during adaptation. In a controlled cross-over study 12 type 1 diabetics were treated with conventional therapy (CT = 2-3 injections daily) and computer-assisted meal-related insulin therapy (CAMIT = 3-4 injections daily), each for a 6 weeks period. Although the number of meals was reduced from 6-7 to 3-5 and carbohydrate intake was allowed to vary from day to day, parameters of metabolic control were significantly improved by CAMIT compared to CT: mean blood glucose decreased from 9.10 +/- 2.96 to 6.22 +/- 0.65 mmol/l with CAMIT and only from 8.86 +/- 1.83 to 6.91 +/- 0.90 mmol/l with CT (p less than 0.05) and HbA1 from 10.2 +/- 1.5 to 8.6 +/- 0.8% with CAMIT and only from 9.8 +/- 1.3 to 9.1 +/- 1.0% with CT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

Computer assisted conventional insulin therapy.

Considerable interest has recently been focused on the computer as a new method to improve outpatient treatment of insulin dependent diabetics. Different ways of programming procedures have been proposed to simulate an experienced physician's capability to adjust insulin dosage in a mathematical form. We report here the results of a controlled study with a program for conventional insulin therapy in in- and outpatient treatment. Eleven inpatient type-I-diabetics could be well controlled after 8 days, and 6 outpatient treated type-I-diabetics improved all relevant metabolic parameters after 30 days compared to a control period of the same duration. So, computer assisted therapy promises to be a worthful aid in the treatment of diabetes.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1985

Diabetes self-adjustment by a computerized program--first experiences in inpatient and outpatient treatment.

Blood glucose self-monitoring is essential to stabilize diabetes on a normoglycemic level. However, patients often do not find the correct insulin adaptation. Therefore, we developed a computer system to adapt insulin doses using a control matrix. During a first inpatient and outpatient period, we attained a very satisfactory blood glucose normalization and stabilization. During the outpatient period the HbA1c values decreased. Stopping the program in some patients blood glucose levels and HbA1c values increased again.

Blood Glucose↗