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Biomedical subjects

J Bernheim

Publications and source records attributed to J Bernheim.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of vasoactive agents on prostanoid synthesis in isolated rat glomeruli.

We studied the influence of vasoactive substances (angiotensin II, epinephrine, norepinephrine and acetylcholine) on the synthesis of prostanoids in isolated rat glomeruli. A significant increase of prostaglandin E2, and of thromboxane B2, but not of prostaglandin F2 alpha synthesis was observed after the administration of angiotensin II at physiological doses. Neither catecholamines nor acetylcholine influenced prostaglandin synthesis. The stimulation of vasoactive prostaglandins by angiotensin II, may modify the hemodynamic status of the glomerulus.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

High incidence of hypertension in older patients after unilateral nephrectomy. A retrospective study.

Twenty-six normotensive patients, who underwent unilateral nephrectomy for nontumoral urological diseases, were reevaluated. The mean postoperative follow-up period was 13.8 +/- 0.7 years. Eleven patients developed hypertension, and 15 patients remained normotensive. The former were 47.1 +/- 3.3 years old, and the latter 36.5 +/- 2.9 years old at the time of nephrectomy (P less than 0.02). The mean preoperative systolic blood pressure was higher in the group of 11 hypertensive patients (126.7 +/- 2.4 mm Hg) than in the 15 normotensive patients (118.2 +/- 2.9 mm Hg), P less than 0.04. Preoperative diastolic blood pressure was similar in the two groups (77.8 +/- 1.5 vs. 75 +/- 2 mm Hg). Preoperative and follow-up serum creatinine levels were similar in both groups. Mean creatinine clearance (Ccr) at the time of follow-up was not significantly different in the hypertensive patients compared with the normotensive patients. One patient developed proteinuria and chronic renal failure (Ccr of 31 ml/min). Two other patients with normal Ccr had a daily protein excretion of 840 and 2,000 mg/24 h, respectively. The incidence of hypertension, after nephrectomy, of 75% in patients greater than 55 years old seems to be significantly higher than the 30% reported in an aged-matched normal Israeli population. This did not apply to the patients less than 55 years old. In most of the cases, long-term follow-up did not reveal significant uninephrectomy induced changes in renal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Anemia in primary hyperparathyroidism].

Among the complications associated with primary hyperparathyroidism, anemia has not been extensively studied. In order to assess the frequency of this anemia we make a retrospective study of the medical records of 62 patients with a primary hyperparathyroidism. In 40 of the 62 hyperparathyroidic patients the diagnosis was surgically proven (group 1) and in 22, typical laboratory changes were found (group 2). In all these cases no other causes of anemia, except hyperparathyroidism, could be found. The 2 groups were similar concerning age and sex. A normochromicnormocytic anemia was present in 11 patients in group 1 (24,5%) and in 7 in group 2 (31, 8%). This anemia was corrected after a successfull parathyroidectomy (parathyroid adenoma in all the operated cases). Anemia was correlated with neither Ca and P blood levels nor C1/P ratio. A significant inverse correlation was found between age and hemoglobin in anemic hyperparathyroidic patients. The etiopathogeny of this findings is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Endocervical stromal sarcoma--a case report.

A case of a stromal sarcoma in a cervical polyp is presented. The tumor was confined to the polyp as evidenced by the histological examination of the uterus and cervix after surgery. In spite of that the patient died of widespread abdominal metastasis 1 year after the initial diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Effect of potassium loading on prostaglandin E2 and F2 alpha excretion in the Brattleboro rat.

In order to assess the relative roles played by potassium (K) and the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the renal production of prostaglandins (PG) E2 and F2 alpha, the 24 hour urinary excretion of these substances was measured in Brattleboro rats (devoid of ADH) and in control Long Evans heterozygote rats. Rats of each strain received either a normal K intake or a K load for 8 days. Urinary PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were measured by radioimmunoassay in three consecutive 24 h urine collections obtained after the above periods. K loading induced an increase in PGF2 alpha (p less than 0.01), PGE2 showing a non significant trend to decrease. The E/F ratio was decreased in K loaded animals. The changes were qualitatively similar in presence or absence of ADH, but animals with diabetes insipidus had lower levels of PGs than control animals. The results suggest the possibility that K loading induces an increase in the activity of the renal enzyme PGE2-9-ketoreductase. The resulting increase in PGF2 alpha could play a role in K excretion and this response is probably independent of ADH.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Acute renal failure due to sarcoid granulomatous infiltration of the renal parenchyma.

A 56-year-old female with evidence of multisystem involvement due to sarcoidosis presented with acute renal failure. Percutaneous renal biopsy revealed sarcoid granulomatous infiltration of the renal parenchyma. Steroid therapy resulted in a prompt improvement of renal function. A review of the literature has disclosed 16 similar cases. Pertinent clinical and laboratory data and treatment regimens are discussed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1985

Effect of sodium loading on the urinary excretion of prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro rats).

Current evidence suggests that the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and changes in sodium balance influence renal prostaglandins (PGs). To separate these two mechanisms, the effect of sodium loading on the urinary excretion of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha was studied in female Brattleboro rats with diabetes insipidus (DIHO) and compared with that in female, age matched, heterozygous Long Evans controls (LEHE). Ten DIHO and ten LEHE rats had a normal sodium intake. In ten DIHO rats a 0.16% NaCl solution was supplied instead of drinking water for either 8 days (n = 5) or 14 days (n = 5). In two groups of LEHE rats, sodium loading was obtained with a 0.80% NaCl solution for the same study periods. Urine PGs were measured by radioimmunoassay in three 24 h urine collections for each rat. Urine PGs were significantly increased in the 8 day loaded but not in the 14 day loaded LEHE rats. In DIHO rats, a non-significant increase in both PGE2 and PGF2 alpha was present after 8 days of sodium loading, while PGE2 and the E/F ratio were decreased after 14 days of salt loading. The findings suggest that the natriuresis induced by sodium loading in the rat may be mediated in part by increased production of PGs. In addition, it seems that ADH plays a role in this response.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Enophthalmos as a rare manifestation of metastatic orbital involvement.

Two cases in which orbital metastasis produced enophthalmos, instead of the usual exophthalmos, are reported. Only fourteen other cases have been described previously and they are reviewed. At time of diagnosis of the enophthalmos, meningeal carcinomatosis coexisted in the first case and probably also in the second case. This association can lead to diagnostic errors with either the orbital metastasis or the meningeal carcinomatosis being missed. In addition, as in our second case, the enophthalmos can be the initial manifestation of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Placental chorioangiomatosis--a high risk pregnancy.

A case of diffuse chorioangiomatosis leading to fetal hydrops, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with massive umbilical vein thrombosis and fetal death is described. Although rare, this benign mesenchymatous malformation of the placenta should be kept in mind as a possible cause of neonatal morbidity. Prenatal diagnosis could prevent fetal death.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Structural and histochemical study of the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on long-bone growth center in suckling mice.

The in vivo effects of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on cellular structure and response, matrix metachromasia and mineralization have been studied in the epiphysis and growth plate of humeri in normal neonatal mice. A relatively low dose of the metabolite, 50 ng/kg body weight, significantly increased the overall size of humeral growth plate, the zone of proliferating cells and that of hypertrophic chondrocytes. The response of the tissue to the metabolite changed with the increase in dose administered so that it was only the zone of proliferation that still showed increases in size in comparison to untreated controls. 1,25 (OH)2D3 led to an increase in the metachromatic reaction of the cartilage matrix in the chondroblastic zone, and to marked increase in matrix mineralization in the hypertrophic zone. Qualitative changes were also noted in the structure of chondroblasts and hypertrophic chondrocytes. 1,25(OH)2D3 affected the osteoblastic and osteocytic populations of cells along the metaphysis and diaphysis of the humerus. High doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 brought about distinct atrophic changes in the above cells. Chondrocytes in the epiphysis were found to synthesize type I collagen and fibronectin. These findings indicate that excessive doses of 1,25(OH)2D3 in an intact growing animal affect the normal differentiative pathway of prechondroblasts and thereby affect long bone development.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Urinary kallikrein in normal pregnancy, pregnancy with hypertension, and toxemia.

The 24-hour urinary excretion of kallikrein (K) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which reflects their intrarenal synthesis, was measured in 7 normal women (NW), 10 women with essential hypertension (EH), 26 normal pregnant women (NP), 12 women with hypertension in pregnancy (HP), and 4 women with toxemia. All pregnant women were in the last trimester of their pregnancy (week 24-40). K was raised in NP (99.6 +/- 8.1 KU/24 h) and HP (106.5 +/- 8 KU/24 h) compared to NW (57 +/- 8.23 KU/24 h) (p less than 0.05). PGE2 excretion was decreased in EH (403.25 +/- 90.6 ng/24 h) compared to NW (508.6 +/- 80.26 ng/24 h). During pregnancy PGE2 was increased to 1,088 +/- 93.2 ng/24 h in NP and significantly more in HP, 1,885 +/- 40 ng/24 h (p less than 0.002). In this regard it differed from K. These data may suggest that, in addition to K, other factors (as angiotensin II and/or antidiuretic hormone) possibly activate renal PGE2 production in HP. In toxemia, K (23 +/- 6.1 KU/24 h) and PGE2 (583 +/- 172.83 ng/24 h) were markedly decreased. The above results suggest that the renal kallikrein-kinin and prostaglandin systems may play a role in sodium homeostasis during pregnancy. Their exact influence on the pathogenesis of hypertension in nonpregnant, pregnant, and toxemic subjects awaits further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Urinary prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in chronic renal failure. Influence of chronic and acute changes in Na balance.

The role played by renal prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and F2 alpha (PGF 2 alpha) in the modification of sodium homeostasis in chronic renal failure (CFR) was studied. The 24-hour urinary excretion of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha was measured before and after 5 days of a diet containing less than 20 mmol/day of sodium in 6 patients with CRF. At the end of this period, an acute sodium load (77 mmol/h of NaCl for 4 h) was administered and prostaglandins measured in hourly urine collections. In contrast to the findings previously reported in normal subjects, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha decreased with the low-sodium diet. The ratio PGE2/PGF2 alpha (reflecting the activity of the enzyme PGE2-9-ketoreductase) was greatly increased and did not change with the low-sodium diet. The acute sodium load induced an increase in urinary prostaglandins. The results suggest that prostaglandins may contribute to natriuresis in CRF, under basal conditions, after a short-term sodium depletion and in response to an acute sodium load. The changes in prostaglandin excretion in CRF could be related to decreased activity of PGE2-9-ketoreductase.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ascorbic acid-induced regression of amyloidosis in experimental animals.

Ascorbic acid was found to accelerate amyloid degradation in an experimental animal model. Based on experiments in vitro which demonstrated the ability of ascorbic acid to restore the amyloid-degrading activity of amyloidotic human serum, the effect of orally administered ascorbic acid was tested in casein-induced murine amyloidosis. Histopathological examination of splenic tissue of mice killed at different times after the termination of the amyloidogenic stimulus showed a markedly decreased amyloid deposition in ascorbic acid-treated animals as compared to the controls. The effect of ascorbic acid was to a certain degree dose-dependent. Colchicine blocked amyloid synthesis when administered during amyloid induction. In animals which were given the drug during the post-induction period it had no effect. The amyloid-degrading activity of mouse serum was reduced in amyloidotic mice. Administration of ascorbic acid partially restored the amyloid-degrading activity of these animals.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1984

Kidney fibroxanthoma (malignant fibrous xanthoma): a rare tumor and an unusual cause of retroperitoneal hemorrhage.

A case of kidney fibroxanthoma (malignant fibrous xanthoma, malignant variant of xanthogranuloma), a rare malignant neoplasm of kidney, is described. In addition to the typical histologic features of retroperitoneal xanthogranuloma, this tumor showed obvious pleomorphism and mitotic activity of the histiocytes. We present this case in view of the rarity of this neoplasm and the unusual presentation as massive retroperitoneal hemorrhage.

Fibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1984

Collagenous colitis. Report of a case.

A 50-year-old woman presented with a long history of nausea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and intermittent watery diarrhea. All investigations were negative except for the finding, on five separate colonoscopic biopsies, of a layer of band-like collagen beneath the surface epithelium, diagnostic of collagenous colitis.

Colitis↗