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Biomedical subjects

J Bernard

Publications and source records attributed to J Bernard.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Acute or subacute myelofibrosis].

Nine patients were selected according to the following criteria: 1. Hematological findings consistent with the diagnosis of myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM), except for an excess of blasts in the blood and bone marrow; 2. No previous (silent) phase of MMM. 3. No PH1 chromosome, and 4. No identifiable cause of secondary myelofibrosis. These patients had either an acute or subacute myelofibrosis. The onset of such symptoms as fever, bone pain, hemorrhage and mild splenomegaly was rapid. Terminal acute leukemia or more often progressive bone marrow biopsy showing myelofibrosis with persistence of differentiated myeloid tissue, particularly megacaryocytes. Isotopic studies (59Fe and 51Cr) showed splenic erythroid metaplasia, poor bone marrow 59Fe uptake and increased peripheral red blood cell destruction. This study confirms that malignant myelosclerosis is a well-defined syndrome which must be distinguished from: a) Acute transformation of typical agnogenic myeloid metaplasia even though it was previously undiagnosed (4 cases of MMM illustrating this possibility have been reported); b) Acute myeloblastic leukemia with myelofibrosis; and c) Myelofibrosis secondary to lymphomatous or carcinomatous bone-marrow invasion (2 cases with acute myelofibrosis appearing long after appropriate treatment have been reported).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[The problem of sterility in men and women after wide area sub-diaphragmatic irradiation (author's transl)].

Sub-diaphragmatic irradiation in an upside down Y pattern for Hodgkin's disease results in sterility in the women. Protection consists of irradiating the lumbar chain only when possible or by displacement of the ovary before irradiation, and laterally for preference. Although subsequent pregnancy is then possible, the genetic risk remains. In the male, Y irradiation results in prolonged virtually complete azoospermia. Associated chemotherapy also causes definitive sterility in the male. Collection for a sperm bank before treatment is advised.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

[Immunocytological characterization of cells recognizing antigen and producing antibody during immunization to oxazolone and E. coli lipopolysaccharide].

A preferential cell mediated response is obtained after stimulation with oxazolone () and a humoral response is seen after E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunization (). Thus a cytological study of selectively isolated antigen recognizing cells which form rosettes and antibody producing cells which form hemolytic plages has been performed during oxazolone and lipopolysaccharide stimulations. This investigation shows quantitative and qualitative differences of these immunocyte subpopulations in the two stimulations. First the antigen recognizing cells antibody producing cells ratio is fundamentally much higher at all the stages of the oxazolone stimulation than after lipopolysaccharide immunization. On the other hand among these immunocyte subpopulations, T and B cells are identified by electron microscopy in the oxazolone immune reaction, while only B cells are observed after LPS immunization.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Carcinoma of the liver in a child after seven-year complete remission of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(author's transl)].

A malignant hepatoma occurred in a 12-year-old girl who eight years previously had developed an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia which for eight years had been in complete haematological remission. Fourteen months after the last re-induction treatment period had been discontinued, but while on methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine maintenance, a hepatocellular liver carcinoma developed of which the patient died after a fulminating course, still in complete haematological remission. As far as is known, no direct carcinogenic effect can be ascribed to the two antimetabolites, but it must be assumed that these two drugs, taken by the patient for over seven years, led to cirrhosis of the liver whose malignant transformation was significantly influenced by the immunosuppressive effects of methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine, given as maintenance therapy according to protocol 02 LA 64, Paris.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1975

[Platelet membrane glycoprotein defect, molecular basis for the abnormal adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium in thrombocytic hemorrhagic dystrophy].

A large reduction in the staining capacity of a glycoprotein of 155 000 M.W. was observed in the platelets of 2 macrogiant platelets syndrome patients, associated with a reduced platelet adhesion to rabbit aorta subendothelium and with the presence of von Willebrand protein on these platelets as revealed by an antihuman factor VIII-Von Willebrand protein rabbit antibody. These results led the authors to propose a strong hypothesis on the role of this glycoprotein rich in sialic acid - in platelet adhesion to subendothelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Quantitative study of the genetics of haptoglobin levels].

A quantitative study, based on several African and Pyrenean populations led to the estimate of the effect of some factors on haptoglobin rate: it shows an influence of age and electrophoretic phenotype, but no apparent effect of sex. Moreover, this study led to the conclusion that there is heritability of haptoglobin rate.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

[Concentration, purification, and isotopic labeling of sigma virus].

Sigma virus has been concentrated by means of polyethylene-glycol and diafiltration; the latter method is more efficient in preserving infectivity. When purified on sucrose gradient, sigma banded in a sharp peak without any polydispersion. We are now able to label sigma genome with 3H-uridine in Drosophila cell cultures.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1975

[Treatment of bone marrow aplasia by allogenic bone marrow grafts].

Three patients with severe aplastic anemia were treated by bone marrow transplantation using the method described by Santos and Thomas. Two of the patients, both successfully grafted have survived for more than 5 and 6 months respectively. Chimerism was proved by cytogenetic analysis and erythrocytic phenotypes. In one case, a severe graft versus host reaction was cured with ATG and prednisone. Graft rejection in the third case was related to the immunisation caused by many previous transfusions. Although bone marrow grafting is limited by the necessity of using a matched sibling as donor, its success this far is very encouraging and represents a new hope for the treatment of aplastic anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Polychemotherapy of Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)].

204 patients with Hodgkin's disease not previously treated were given vincristine, chlormethine, procarbazine and prednisone (protocol H2-65) for six months, followed by monthly vinblastine injections. Additional prophylactic radiotherapy was given to 50 non-randomised patients. Three-monthly reinduction treatment was administered to a further 50 patients during the year following the original induction cure, afterwards only every six months, and no treatment after four years. Among 109 patients in stage III complete remission occurred in 53% and partial (incomplete) remission in 36%. Among the 58 patients in stage IV, 21 had complete and one incomplete remission. Among 37 patients in stages I and II, 33 went into remission. The remission curves reached a plateau in the 42nd month in 74 plus or minus 6% of those in complete and 56 plus or minus 8% of those in incomplete remission (P less than 0.03). Increasing age had an unfavourable prognosis: the more progressed the anatomical stage the less favourable the prognosis. Surprisingly, stage IV (lymphocyte-poor) had a better prognosis on polychemotherapy than other histological forms. Signs of clinical activity did not influence prognosis, but biochemical signs of activity are unfavourable for remission duration (P less than 0.01). Patients who also had radiotherapy had longer remissions (P less than 0.01). Exacerbations occurred in 38, never beyond the 42nd month. Recurrence occurred in 21 of them in the dame lymphatic region as was affected at the beginning of the disease, while in the other 17 patients an extralymphatic episode occurred. There was a positive correlation between histological form and type of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[New data about oligoblastic leukemias. Apropos of an analysis of 120 cases].

We studied 120 aptients within the following condition: moderate bone marrow myeloblastosis (blast cells + promyelocytes less than or equal to 50 p. cent); quantitative and/or qualitative medullary insufficiency; preservation of maturation of the granulocytic line without a gap; WBC count less than 20 000/mm-3. Computer analysis pointed out the following results: 1. This group may be differenciated from the group of acute myeloblastic leukemias by: a) a predilection for subjects older than 60 in 73 p. cent of cases; b) male dominance in 70 p. cent of cases; c) a sharply defined improved prognosis with a median of survival of 15 months and with more than 30 p. cent of survivors for more than two years; d) death in 63 p. cent of teh cases is directly due to a complication of bone marrow insufficiency, and only in 14 p. cent of the cases is related to blastic invasion; e) a complete absence of favourable response to intensive chemotherapy. 2. There are five initial prognostic parameters which are of statistical significance: a) the hemoglobin level; b) the sedimentation rate; c) the platelet count, the level of bone marrow cellularity, and age. 3. Multidimensional analysis makes it appear that the whole population obeys a unidimensional phenomenon and depends on a common "biological axis" constituted by the five prognostic factors which are inter-related. 4. The disease nevertheless may be subdivided into three subgroups; a) High inflammatory hypoplastic forms are a very high risk group; b) The group of slowly invasive acute leukemias in young subjects is a bad or moderately poor risk group; c) The forms with a purely qualitative disorder of myelopoiesis with very low evolutive potential. These observations point to: a) The concept of OBL as an entity of a distinctive type including the preleukemic syndrome, the myelo-monocytic leukemias, and the smoldering leukemias; b) The concept of a unique and basic bone marrow disorder which embraces the OBL and the common acute myeloblastic leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of rest on the course of viral hepatitis].

Discussions having lately raised the importance of rest in the treatment of viral hepatitis the authors report some studies made on the subject. They take into account 3 personal unpublished statistics analyzing the role of effort at 3 different stages -- in the acute phase, during convalescence and as an eventual factor producing aggravation. Although their results appear to be in contradiction with those found in American studies the authors show that the importance of rest in the initial phase is unanimously recognized and that there is no statistical evidence that such a prescription should be given up before the normalization of the main biological parameters. Furthermore though it is statistically proved that a certain activity between the 30th and 60th day does not affect the later course of the disease yet there is no element which allows to authorize the patient to resume his normal professionnal activity before the 60th day. Finally the lack of controlled studies does not allow any precise determination of the impact of effort in the determinism of an eventual aggravation. However according to the authors' experience physical tiredness can legitimately be suspected to have produced this aggravation in 47.06 % of cases of a secondarily aggravated hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Changes of pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH during the rat estrous cycle.

The plasma LH (luteinizing hormone) response to 200 ng of LH-RH (LH-releasing hormone) injected subcutaneously at different stages of the estrous cycle in normal rats under Surital anesthisia was maximal during the afternoon of proestrus and lowest on diestrus I. The area under the plasma LH curve measured at 13:00 on proestrus was approximately 7-fold higher than that obtained at 15:30 h on diestrus I. Intermediate responses were found on diestrus II, estrus and morning of proestrus. An approsimately 2.5-fold higher LH response was observed on proestrus than on diestrus I after injection of [D-Ala2, des Gly-NH2-10] LH-RH ethylamide at 15:00 h. That these marked changes of LH response are not secondary to interference by endogenous LH-RH, changes of the metabolism or transport of exogenous LH-RH or modification of plasma LH clearance is ascertanied by the finding of similar changes of pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH under in vitro conditions using pituitaries collected at the same stag-s of the estrous cycle. As measured both in vivo and in vitro, not only the amplitude but also the speed of LH response are maximal during the afternoon of proestrus and minimal on diestrus I.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of follicular fluid and oestradiol on the luteinization of rat granulosa cells in vitro.

The effect of pig follicular fluid (FF), total or oestrogen-free, and of oestradiol-17 beta on the luteinization and progesterone secretion of rat granulosa cells was investigated during 4 days in culture. Both FF and oestrogen-free FF modified the differentiation of the granulosa cells, particularly their size and the appearance of their nucleoli. Addition of total FF or oestradiol-17 beta (50, 100 or 500 ng/ml) to the control medium markedly increased the progesterone secretion of the granulosa cells, but oestrogen-free FF and dialysed fetal calf serum had no effect. It was concluded that (1) FF could modify the morphological changes of the rat granulosa cells in vitro, but could not inhibit their secretion of progesterone, (2) the granulosa cells were able to synthesize progesterone regardless of their stage of differentiation, (3) oestradiol 17 beta had a direct stimulatory effect on progesterone secretion by granulosa cells in vitro. The possible mode of action of FF upon luteinization is discussed.

Animals↗