Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to J Bauer.

746 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Premorbid psychological processes in patients with Alzheimer's disease and in patients with vascular dementia].

We analyzed the premorbid biographies of 21 patients with Alzheimer's disease for possible common features. Eleven age-matched patients suffering from vascular dementia served as a control group. The observations from our qualitative study indicate that persons with a conflict-avoiding, submissive, premorbid personality predominate among Alzheimer patients. Persons who later became Alzheimer patients tended to leave important daily-life decisions to their partners (or other persons of reference). Prior to the onset of the very first neuropsychological deficits, persons who later became Alzheimer patients were found to stay in a lasting situation in which they were subject to a treatment that could be designated as "caring tutelage." Subsequently, most patients became subject to an increasingly patronizing and restricting treatment. Further elements that were frequently found as part of the premorbid development were physical or psychological burden, loss of social contacts, and loss of motivation. In contrast, assertive and dominant premorbid traits predominated in the group of vascular patients. The premorbid biographical situation of persons who later became vascular patients was characterized by a loss of the control which these persons had hitherto exerted over partners, their families, or the situation at their working place. We advance the hypothesis that in Alzheimer's disease the described psychological phenomena are part of a preclinical process, during which biological, psychological, and social factors interact, finally joining into the clinical stage of the disease. Possibilities for psychotherapeutic interventions are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychotherapy of somatoform pain disorders in the elderly].

This article focuses on somatoform pain disorders in elderly patients. Defined as a variant of the somatoform disorders, somatoform pain represents a disorder characterized by significant, physically experienced pain that is not (fully) explained by a medical condition. Although epidemiological data are sparse, the prevalence of somatoform pain disorders appears to decline with aging. Psychological factors are assumed to have an important role in the onset, severity, and maintenance of somatoform pain. In this article, two case reports are presented in order to illustrate the phenomenon that earlier pain experiences, e.g., in the context of a physical disorder or in the context of traumatic events, may "pave the way" for somatoform pain syndromes. Later acute mental stress or psychological conflicts may then precipitate the onset of somatoform pain. With respect to therapy, one should consider that patients with somatoform pain experience and interprete their suffering as a physical disorder. When applying psychotherapy to patients with somatoform pain disorders the therapist has to recognize and to appreciate eventual previous pain experiences which may have "paved the way" for the present disorder. Only after having established a therapeutic relationship can one try to interest the patient in the individual emotional and cognitive aspects that may underly the disorder. In addition to depressive feelings and feelings of guilt, grief about the loss of bodily functions may be of special significance for the onset and maintenance of somatoform pain disorders in elderly persons.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic aspects of choledochoceles.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To date, since so little information has been published on the incidence of choledochoceles, we undertook a retrospective study of the incidence of choledochoceles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of 9,850 patients who had been submitted to ERCP investigation in our department, the medical histories of the patients found to have choledochoceles were analysed. RESULTS: Ten out of the 9,850 had a choledochocele, 3 of which were symptomatic, 3 questionably symptomatic and 4 asymptomatic. In 6 patients with symptomatic or questionably symptomatic choledochoceles, endoscopic treatment in the form of endoscopic papillotomy was carried out. Following this intervention, 4 of the patients became symptom-free. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller choledochoceles tend to be asymptomatic while the larger are symptomatic. The diagnostic method of choice in ERCP.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Helicobacter pylori: antibodies in sera of pigs and calves].

64 sera of pigs and 22 sera of calves were investigated in a Helicobacter pylori-ELISA. The test system was validated with positive and negative reference sera. In contrast to other investigations it was tried to exclude false positive results by absorbing the sera with Wolinella succinogenes, Campylobacter jejuni subsp.jejuni, E. coli and Proteus mirabilis. This proved to be necessary, as the extinctions of some sera were reduced considerably. Using this technique sera of 5 pigs and 6 calves could be identified, which fulfilled the following criteria: 1. The extinctions were statistically significant above the mean value of the corresponding group after absorption with Campylobacter jejuni subsp.jejuni. 2. After absorbing the sera of pigs with 3 and the sera of calves with 4 bacteria the extinctions were above 50% of that of the human positive serum. 3. The extinctions of these sera were-like the positive reference sera-nearly not influenced by the absorption. These results indicate the presence of serum antibodies in pigs and calves, which react with epitops from Helicobacter pylori.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Web-based training modules in dermatology.

With the goal of using the full power of the World Wide Web for computer-based education, we developed an interactive system for training in dermatology with a database of several thousand color images. The system consists of lecture scripts, case reports with recorded sound, an online atlas, and a quiz system--all relying on the underlying image database. The images used have been reviewed and rated by a senior dermatologist. At present, they are described with a hierarchical key system that permits searching for images by their content. We have evaluated our statistics on access and the results of an open user survey based on an adaptive questionnaire. The responses to 200 questionnaires completed in a two-month study period are encouraging. The online resources are being used not only for training in dermatology but also for continuing education and reference.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Demonstration of zearalenone metabolites in bile of breeding sows with fertility disturbances].

Bile of 52 gilts with reproductive problems have been analyzed for zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol. The applied methods, HPLC in combination with a fluorescence detector and with ELISA, were suitable for survey of biological materials with a complex matrix such as bile. The detection limit and recovery rate were 1 ng/ml and 75%, respectively. Zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol, which were present as glucuronide conjugates, were detected up to 40.0 ng/ml and 66.1 ng/ml in all samples analyzed. This suggests that zearalenone occurs more frequently in feed for pigs than it was recognized by feed analysis. Further investigation have to show, if the detection of zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol in samples of bile indicates a participation of these mycotoxins in reproductive problems.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Resistance of bovine and porcine Pasteurella to florfenicol and other antibiotics].

The resistance pattern of 221 (89 bovine, 132 porcine) pasteurella strains isolated in 1996 against 16 antibiotics or chemotherapeutics was determined by agar diffusion. Pasteurella haemolytica showed a higher level of resistance compared to Pasteurella multocida; porcine strains were more resistant than bovine strains. Over 90% of porcine Pasteurella multocida were sensible to penicillin G, ampicillin, cephalothin, polymyxin B, enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol and florfenicol. In addition, bovine strains were at least 90% sensible to oxacillin, erythromycin, gentamycin and sulfmethoxazole-trimethoprim. More than 90% of porcine Pasteurella haemolytica were classified as sensible to polymyxin B, enrofloxacin und florfenicol; bovine strains to cephalothin, neomycin und chloramphenicol as well. In 1996, 2 years after the chloramphenicol ban for food rendering animals, only 6.3% of bovine pasteurella strains proved to be resistant against chloramphenicol compared to a 16.27% fraction in 1994. The mean MIC-values of florfenicol against pasteurella spp. were nearly the same in bovine and porcine isolates with 0.53 microgram/ml and 0.52 microgram/ml respectively. Pasteurella haemolytica, however, showed higher MIC-values (0.68 microgram/ml in bovine, 0.70 microgram/ml in porcine isolates) than Pasteurella multocida with 0.47 microgram/ml in bovine and 0.51 microgram/ml in porcine strains. No isolate had a MIC of florfenicol greater than 1.0 microgram/ml, all pasteurella strains were classified sensible to florfenicol.

Animals↗