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Biomedical subjects

J Bassett

Publications and source records attributed to J Bassett.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of venoarterial cardiopulmonary support in coronary artery disease.

Coronary angioplasty was performed on 14 high-risk patients supported with venoarterial partial cardiopulmonary bypass. Hemodynamic, metabolic and physiologic parameters were monitored to assess the effect of cardiopulmonary support in conscious patients. Cardiopulmonary support caused a decrease in systolic (45 +/- 17 to 27 +/- 14 mm Hg, p less than 0.001), diastolic (23 +/- 12 to 14 +/- 8 mm Hg, p less than 0.005) and mean (29.7 +/- 13.2 to 18 +/- 9 mm Hg, p less than 0.001) pulmonary artery pressures. Aortic systolic (129 +/- 18 to 106 +/- 17 mm Hg, p less than 0.001), mean (89 +/- 19 to 84 +/- 19 mm Hg, p less than 0.05) and pulse (64 +/- 17 to 37 +/- 16 mm Hg, p less than 0.00001) pressures also decreased. Heart rate and aortic diastolic pressures were unchanged. End-systolic wall stress (122 +/- 48 x 10(3) to 96 +/- 44 x 10(3) dynes/cm2, p less than 0.001) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (5.7 +/- 0.8 to 5.5 +/- 0.9 cm, p less than 0.05) were reduced during partial cardiopulmonary bypass. After initiation of cardiopulmonary support, normal lactate extraction across the coronary circulation was diminished or converted to lactate production (38 +/- 23 to 2 +/- 29%, p less than 0.005). There was a marked reduction in hematocrit (41 +/- 4 to 28 +/- 5%, p less than 0.0001) and platelet count (259,000 +/- 57,600/ml to 145,900 +/- 46,000/ml, p less than 0.0001) after bypass. Cardiopulmonary bypass successfully supported all patients during balloon inflation, for an optimal angioplasty result.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Complications of coronary artery surgery in diabetic patients.

Postoperative mortality and morbidity of diabetic versus nondiabetic patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were analyzed. In 1988, 711 patients had CABG procedures, of which 565 were nondiabetic and 146 diabetic. The two groups of patients were statistically similar in regard to age, weight, tobacco and ethanol use, and preoperative levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine. Preoperative serum glucose levels were significantly elevated in diabetic patients (182 vs. 106, P less than .001). Cardiac output, ejection fraction, and bypass, crossclamp time, and total operating room times were not different for the two groups. Emergent and urgent procedures had a significantly higher mortality rate than elective cases (11.3% and 6.6% vs. 1.7%, respectively; P less than 0.05), but this was independent of the patient's diabetic status. Women had a higher mortality rate than men (6.5% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.05) although within each gender group, there were no differences between diabetics and nondiabetics. There were 27 patients with complications in the diabetic group (18.5%) and 47 in the nondiabetic group (8.3%; P less than .001). The types of complications within the two groups differed in that wound infections (7.5%), postoperative arrhythmias (4.8%), respiratory failure (4.1%), and intra-aortic balloon pump use (4.1%) were significantly greater (P less than .05) in the diabetic patients compared to the nondiabetic (0.9%, 1.8%, 0.4%, and 1.4%, respectively). Occurrences of postoperative pneumothorax, reoperation, myocardial infarction, stroke, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia were similar in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Testes and scrotum: MR imaging at 1.5 T.

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the scrotum were obtained at 1.5 T in 20 subjects, 13 patients with intrascrotal pathologic conditions and seven healthy subjects. Characteristic MR imaging signals obtained on T1- and T2-weighted images allowed differentiation of testis from epididymis and spermatic cord. Masses were differentiated from normal testicular parenchyma in all cases. Atrophic or ischemic testes had lower signal intensity than normal testes on T2-weighted images. Hematoma displayed a characteristic high intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Intratesticular and extratesticular pathologic conditions were readily differentiated. These results suggest that MR imaging is useful in the diagnosis of scrotal and testicular abnormalities.

Genital Diseases, Male↗
PubMed1983

Anaerobic threshold and lactate turnpoint.

Venous lactate concentration and ventilatory responses to progressively increased work rates were studied in 16 men who performed an incremental exercise test to exhaustion on an electrically braked cycle ergometer. In this test the characteristic curvilinear increase in venous lactate concentrations was observed. In addition to the anaerobic threshold (AT), a second breakpoint was observed and named the lactate turnpoint (LTP). Eight of the 16 subjects performed a second incremental exercise test initiated during lactic acidosis. In this test the direction of change in venous lactate concentrations was different. The work rate at which lactate concentrations again increased, after a steady decline (previously described as the AT2), was similar to the work rate established for the LTP in the first test. In the second test removal of lactate was demonstrated at work rates exceeding the AT. Although the lactate response to the two tests was different the pattern of change was similar, with the two breakpoints occurring at the same work rates. Collectively these results lend a measure of support to the hypothesis of a positive relationship between the AT, LTP, and a pattern of recruitment of motor units with different enzyme profiles. Both the AT and LTP were predictable from the ventilatory response to incremental exercise.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1981

Oxygen deficit during incremental exercise.

The oxygen deficit and debt have conventionally been determined during exercise at constant work rates. During this study these were calculated during and after exercise at progressively incremented work rates. Five men performed two successive incremental exercise tests to exhaustion on an electronically braked cycle ergometer. The two tests were separated by a 5 min rest period. The oxygen deficit was defined as the sum of the minute differences between the measured oxygen uptake and the oxygen uptake occurring during steady state work at that same rate. The oxygen deficit was quantified for the work periods before and after the anaerobic threshold (AT) as determined from respiratory gas analysis (ATR). The measured deficit for the period before the ATR was smaller than the deficit measured in the same subjects during steady state work at low intensity (below the ATR) and was also less than the rapid component of the oxygen repayment as determined after the second incremental test. It was concluded that this test could be used for the determination of anaerobic capacity as represented by the total oxygen deficit (within motivational limits), but that the lactacid and alactacid components of the deficit could not be differentiated. A considerable portion of the alactacid component of the deficit was incurred after the onset of the ATR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Atypical progressive angina pectoris caused by a congenital coronary-pulmonary shunt and coronary atherosclerosis.

A 57-year-old man with atypical progressive angina caused by congenital coronary-pulmonary shunt and coronary atherosclerosis is described. The angina was rather consistently unresponsive to nitroglycerin. Following closure of the shunt and aortocoronary bypass surgery, the patient became asymptomatic and has remained free of angina 2 year postoperatively. Although the congenital anomaly is rare in adults, it may be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical angina pectoris, particularly when there is either continuous murmur or systolic murmur over the lower parasternal area.

Angina Pectoris↗