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Biomedical subjects

J Baniel

Publications and source records attributed to J Baniel.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Incidental finding of rectal carcinoma during transrectal US for prostatic diseases.

During transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), rectal carcinoma was an incidental finding in seven patients among a series of 5,000 TRUS examinations. TRUS was performed in seven patients with symptoms characteristic of prostatic diseases. All seven patients underwent examination by at least one physician before TRUS and, except for abnormal prostatic findings, no tumors were detected during digital rectal examination (DRE). The tumors were clearly visualized with TRUS and were easily palpated during DREs performed after TRUS. They were large and were located mainly along the posterior and lateral walls of the rectum. All the tumors were diagnosed by means of proctoscopy; the biopsy findings were positive, and the pathologic staging indicated advanced disease: adenocarcinoma of the rectum with a minimum grade of Dukes C. It is recommended that, in addition to evaluation of scans obtained in the transverse plane, the multiplane transducer be used to evaluate the longitudinal plane of the rectum for detection of possible undiscovered tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Linear stapling device in partial resection of abdominal parenchymatous organs.

The use of the linear stapling device (LSD) is well-established in hollow-organ gastro-intestinal surgery. Its use in operations performed on parenchymatous viscera is less common. We present our experiences with the LSD in partial resection of the spleen (2 cases), pancreas (5 cases), liver (2 cases) and kidney (2 cases). To the best of our knowledge the use of the LSD for partial nephrectomy and resectional debridement of the liver has not been previously described. We suggest that LSDs are useful aids in the resection of parenchymatous organs, and allow rapid resection if applied to healthy tissues and in regions with an intact capsule.

Kidney↗
PubMed1991

Fine needle cytodiagnosis of renal tuberculosis.

A total of 8 patients in whom renal tuberculosis was suspected on clinical or radiological grounds but in whom confirmation could not be achieved by urine culture underwent renal fine needle aspiration. Immediate cytodiagnosis was accomplished in 7 of 8 patients by the finding of Langhans' giant histiocytes, epithelioid histiocytes and necrotic debris. Later confirmation was obtained in all 8 cases by radiometric culture of aspiration material or saline rinses of the fine needles. This experience introduces fine needle aspiration cytology as a diagnostic modality in renal tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Crossed renal ectopia. Case report.

Crossed renal ectopia is a relatively rare anomaly with non-specific manifestations, sometimes diagnosed incidentally. Eight cases are reported, the etiology, diagnostic approach and management of the urological complications are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison between short-course high-dose preoperative irradiation with immediate radical cystectomy and salvage cystectomy after full-dose irradiation.

Between 1976 and 1983, 70 patients who underwent cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder were retrospectively divided into two groups: 39 patients were treated by a protocol using 2,000 rad of radiation over a period of 5 days followed by immediate cystectomy (group 1); 31 patients who failed to be cured by definitive radiotherapy of 6,000 rad were treated by salvage cystectomy (group 2). The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was not significantly different in the two groups of patients (64.5 and 65.5%). The postoperative early complication rates were similar as well (36.8% in group 1 and 35.5% in group 2). One patient of the group treated with 2,000 rad died 19 days after surgery, giving an operative mortality of 1.4%. We conclude that there is a continuing role for salvage cystectomy after irradiation failure. One-stage salvage cystectomy has a relatively low morbidity and should be performed early after failure of definitive irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Klebsiella metastatic endophthalmitis--a complication of shock wave lithotripsy.

A 70-year-old man suffering from nephrolithiasis developed acute pyelonephritis following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of renal stones. After 10 days, urosepsis complicated by meningitis was diagnosed, and 72 hours later he developed right panophthalmitis with perforation of the globe, which was treated by enucleation. A week later, while on cefotaxime and cefuroxime, a focal infectious process developed in the retina of the left eye's posterior pole, spreading into the vitreous and causing retinal detachment. The patient was treated by vitrectomy and retinal detachment surgery, with good anatomical results. The functional result, however, was poor. Endophthalmitis is a possible complication, through rare, of urosepsis in patients undergoing shock wave lithotripsy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Comparative study for preoperative staging of rectal cancer.

A comparative study of preoperative evaluation of rectal cancer is presented. Sixty-eight patients with rectal cancer were examined digitally and by computerized tomography and transrectal ultrasound. Preoperative staging was compared with pathologic findings at surgery. Digital examination and transrectal ultrasound were accurate in 82.8 and 76.2 percent, respectively and were superior to CT, which was accurate in 65.5 percent of cases for assessment of rectal wall invasion. All three modes play a role in preoperative assessment, but digital examination and rectal ultrasound appear to be more effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Segmental portal hypertension and polycythemia vera.

A patient known to have polycythemia vera developed recurrent melena and was found to have bleeding gastroesophageal varices. Selective superior mesenteric angiography suggested splenic vein thrombosis. Splenectomy led to the disappearance of the varices with no subsequent recurrence of bleeding. We believe this to be the first fully described case of polycythemia vera associated with segmental portal hypertension, and propose that polycythemia vera patients may develop "silent" segmental portal hypertension and that this should be taken into consideration when treating them.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Clinical implications of anatomic variations of the splenic artery.

An aberrant course of the proximal splenic artery was observed in nine of 26 adult cadavers dissected for mapping of the lesser omentum. Such an aberrant course makes the artery vulnerable to iatrogenic injury. In view of this relatively high prevalence of splenic artery aberration, it is suggested that surgeons operating in the area of the lesser omentum should keep in mind the possibility of its occurrence and the dangers that it may present.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The immunologic profile of anesthetists.

Reports in the literature have suggested possible impairment of immunocompetence in operating theater personnel. In a group of 18 physician anesthesiologists the following were determined: hemoglobin concentration; white blood cell count; numbers of T, B, and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes; number of T-active cells; and numbers of T-helper/inducer (Th) and T-suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts) cells; and the Th/Ts ratio. Function of T lymphocytes was evaluated using the local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction and spontaneous suppressor or helper activity of T cells. The same parameters were determined in a group of 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. It was found that no matter what their age or how long they have been engaged in anesthetic practice, anesthetists show no immunosuppression as evidenced by these parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Neutropenic enterocolitis. Case report.

Early recognition and adequate treatment of neutropenic enterocolitis, a life-threatening complication of aggressive chemotherapy for leukemia, lymphoma or other malignancy, may offer a favorable outcome. Three cases are presented, including the first reported occurrence in a child with osteogenic sarcoma. Two patients were treated surgically and the third conservatively.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of pyridostigmine on respiratory function in healthy and asthmatic volunteers.

Respiratory function was evaluated in 12 healthy and 13 asthmatic volunteers following a single oral dose of pyridostigmine in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Respiratory function tests were performed at rest and after submaximal exercise at the time corresponding to the expected peak cholinesterase inhibition by pyridostigmine. A single dose of 60 mg pyridostigmine given to nonasthmatic subjects led to a decrease of 28.4% in cholinesterase activity when compared to the baseline and a statistically (but not physiologically) significant decrease in FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec) both at rest (P less than 0.015) and after exercise (P less than 0.05). This effect showed a strong correlation to the degree of cholinesterase inhibition (r = -0.936, P less than 0.0001). According to these findings, a smaller dose of pyridostigmine (30 mg) was given to subjects with mild bronchial asthma. At that dose, pyridostigmine resulted in a similar inhibition of cholinesterase activity to a mean of 76.7% of the baseline. A significant decrease in the pulse rate was also found (P less than 0.005). However, no changes in respiratory function were observed when compared with the effects of placebo. The effect of post-exertion atropine inhalation on respiratory function was also unchanged with pyridostigmine at that dose. We conclude that, in general, at this dose pyridostigmine is a safe drug for asthmatics; however, the distribution of individual results in this group cannot preclude the existence of a subpopulation of asthmatic patients who are more vulnerable to the effects of pyridostigmine.

Administration, Oral↗