Optical disk archiving to enhance LIS TQM.
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Archives↗
Biomedical subjects
J Baldwin
Publications and source records attributed to J Baldwin.
Effect of microbial inoculant on quality of alfalfa hay baled at high moisture and lamb performance.
The effectiveness of a microbial hay inoculant in high moisture alfalfa hay was evaluated. Alfalfa (third cutting) was baled at 72% DM without or with inoculant and at 82% DM without inoculant during yr 1. In yr 2, alfalfa (second cutting) was baled at 75% DM without or with inoculant and at 82% DM without inoculant. Application rate of inoculant was 3.8 L/.98 tonne each year. At this application rate, 90 billion cfu were applied per .98 tonne of forage. Hays were core sampled at 0, 14, 30, and 60 d after baling to determine chemical composition. By d 30, all hays had DM content of 89%. In yr 2, 12 wether lambs were assigned to three treatments in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square. Treatments were chopped, low moisture hay plus corn; chopped, inoculated high moisture hay plus corn; and chopped, high moisture hay plus corn. All diets contained 63% alfalfa hay, 35% ground corn, and 2% minerals and vitamins. In yr 1, inoculated and low moisture hays were not different in chemical composition but were higher in CP and lower in NDF than high moisture hay. Neither NDF nor CP were different among the three hays in yr 2. Average daily gain was not different on the three diets. The feed to gain ratio was lowest for the inoculated hay, intermediate for the low moisture hay, and highest for the high moisture hay diet. Daily gain and feed to gain ratio were not different for lambs fed the inoculated hay baled at 75% DM compared with lambs fed untreated hay baled at 82% DM.
Animal Feed↗
Neutron scattering studies of chromatosomes.
Neutron scattering data establish that the radius of gyration of the DNA in chicken erythrocyte chromatosome particles is significantly higher, by about 0.3 nm, than the radius of gyration of the DNA in the core particle. Corresponding information of the radius of gyration of the protein component in the chromatosomes (3.75 nm) indicated an enlargement, compared to the radius of gyration of the octamer of histone proteins both in core particles and in the histone octamer stabilised in 2 M NaCl (3.25 nm). From the latter data, we could calculate the distance in the chromatosome between the centre of mass of the linker histone and the histone octamer as 5.5 nm. These results impose severe limitations for the organisation of the 22 bp extra DNA and the possible location of H1/H5 in the chromatosome, implying that the H1/H5 is close to the centre turn of the core particle DNA.
Animals↗
Postpartum progression of diabetic retinopathy.
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Adult↗
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency: three presentations.
We have presented three patients representing three of the four reported forms of C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. The C1INH deficiencies are in general distinguishable from each other and from other forms of angioedema by their complement patterns. The acquired C1INH deficiency must be part of the differential in patients without a family history of angioedema since it may precede the diagnosis of more serious medical conditions such as lymphoproliferative disorders.
Adolescent↗
Assessment of a single lumbar spine radiograph in low back pain.
The lumbosacral spine radiographs of 200 patients with unexplained low back pain and without neurological signs were reviewed. The purpose of the study was to determine whether significant diagnostic information would be lost by replacing the standard three film series with a single radiograph, either in the lateral or antero-posterior projection. The contribution of the coned lumbosacral junction view was also assessed. The results show that a single lateral radiograph is diagnostically satisfactory and would have the added advantages of reducing patient radiation dose and radiographic workload.
Back Pain↗
Routine communication in sexually transmitted disease clinics: an observational study.
Sixty STD patients were followed during the course of their clinic visit which averaged 2.75 professional contacts. Based on audiotape analysis, virtually all patients received a diagnosis; however, 25 percent of the patients did not receive any information about treatment or prevention, and only 57 percent of patients were given complete information. Patient recall of the information they were given averaged about 43 percent. Patients not seen by a physician during their clinic visit achieved higher recall rates than patients seen by a physician.
Adult↗
Depressive affect in school-aged children of alcoholics.
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Adolescent↗
Splenectomy antagonizes the action of cyclosporine.
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Animals↗
Immunochemical evidence that the single lactate dehydrogenase of lampreys is more similar to LDHB4 than to LDHA4 of hagfish.
The tetrameric lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) of vertebrates contain several different subunits that arose by gene duplication. While the A and B subunits occur in all classes of gnathostomes, the enzymes of agnathans appear to represent two stages in the evolution of vertebrate LDH. Lampreys of the family Petromyzontidae have a single enzyme classified as LDHA4, while hagfish possess both A and B subunits which form only the two homopolymers LDHA4 and LDHB4. It is generally assumed that the original vertebrate LDH was an A4 type, that duplication to give the B subunit occurred prior to the divergence of lampreys and hagfish, and that modern lampreys subsequently lost expression of the B gene. Lactate dehydrogenases were purified from representatives of all three lamprey families, and it was confirmed that members of the Mordaciidae and Geotriidae also possess single tetrameric LDH enzymes containing one subunit type. The kinetic properties of the lamprey LDH enzymes were compared with the LDH homopolymers of hagfish, skate, and sardine. These properties did not allow the lamprey enzymes to be unequivocally identified as either LDHA4 or LDHB4. Immunochemical titration using antisera against lamprey and hagfish LDH homopolymers demonstrated that the lamprey LDH enzymes showed greater immunochemical similarity to LDHB4 than to LDHA4 of hagfish. It is concluded that there is little evidence for the claim that the original vertebrate LDH was an A4 rather than B4 type.
Animals↗
Marked hyperbilirubinemia in infectious mononucleosis. Analysis of laboratory data in seven patients.
While mild to moderate hepatic dysfunction is commonly encountered in infectious mononucleosis induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), clinical jaundice with high bilirubin levels (greater than or equal to 6.0 mg/dL [greater than or equal to 103 mumol/L] is only occasionally encountered. In this study, seven patients with primary EBV infections had peak bilirubin levels of 10.2 to 23.0 mg/dL (174 to 393 mumol/L) and, for the most part, presented initial diagnostic problems. Complications included the virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome in one patient and transient renal failure in another. The laboratory data suggested that a combination of hemolysis and viral-induced cholestasis was responsible for the intense hyperbilirubinemia in at least five patients. Physicians should be aware that marked hyperbilirubinemia can occur with EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis and, thereby, obviate the need for costly diagnostic laboratory tests and, occasionally, invasive procedures.
Adolescent↗
Noninvasive detection of human cardiac transplant rejection with indium-111 antimyosin (Fab) imaging.
Diagnosis of rejection after cardiac transplantation is currently made by right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy. To evaluate antimyosin imaging as a noninvasive means of detecting human cardiac rejection, the Fab fragment of murine monoclonal antimyosin antibodies was labeled with indium-111 and given intravenously to 18 patients (age 45 +/- 12 years) in 20 studies 7 days to 9 years after transplantation. Endomyocardial biopsy specimens were obtained at the time of each imaging study. Eight patients had positive scans confirmed by biopsy as rejection, and eight patients had negative scans and no evidence of rejection on biopsy. Discordance was observed in four studies, two with positive scans and no rejection on biopsy and two with negative scans and positive biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of the technique were each 80%. Imaging with radiolabeled antimyosin antibody Fab fragments may be of value in the noninvasive identification of rejection in the cardiac transplant recipient.
Adult↗
Behavioural and neurophysiological examples of functional sparing in senescent rat.
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Aging↗
Teratogenicity in rats of two dopaminergic agonists.
The teratogenic potential of 2 structurally related dopaminergic agonists, BRL 16644 (2-[[3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H- 1-benzopyran-7-yl]oxy]-N,N-dimethyl-Ethanamine: Chemical Abstracts No. 59257-18-0) and BRL 16657 (2-[[3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2H- 1-benzopyran-7-yl]oxy]-N,N-dimethyl-Ethanamine: Chemical Abstracts No. 59257-24-8), has been investigated in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. These compounds were administered orally from Days 6 to 15 of gestation inclusive at dose levels of 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg/day for BRL 16644 and 10, 20 and 35 mg/kg/day for BRL 16657. At caesarean section on Day 21 of gestation increased post-implantation loss, reduced foetal weights and high incidences of gross abnormalities were found with both compounds at their high dose levels. Maternal toxicity was evident at the intermediate and high dose levels but teratogenic effects extended to the low dose of each compound where treatment was well tolerated by the dams. The maternal effects were thought to be due to the dopamine potentiating properties of BRL 16644 and BRL 16657. When pimozide, a specific dopamine antagonist, was co-administered with BRL 16657 the maternal effects were considerably reduced and, although teratogenicity remained, effects of BRL 16657 on the embryo were extensively modified. This suggests that at least certain of the abnormalities were associated with prolonged dopamine potentiation. Pimozide alone was not teratogenic.
Animals↗
Electron diffraction analysis of the M412 intermediate of bacteriorhodopsin.
High resolution electron diffraction data have been recorded for glucose-embedded purple membrane specimens in which bacteriorhodopsin (bR) has been trapped by cooling slowly to below--100 degrees C under continuous illumination. Thin films (OD approximately 0.7) of glucose-embedded membranes, prepared as a control, showed virtually 100% conversion to the M state, and stacks of such thin film specimens gave very similar x-ray diffraction patterns in the bR568 and the M412 state in most experiments. To be certain that any measured differences in diffraction intensity would be real, two independent sets of electron diffraction intensities were recorded for near-equatorial, i.e. (hkO), reflections. Little correlation was indeed observed between these two sets for delta F values at low resolution (15-5.0 A, 49 reflections), but the correlation coefficient is approximately 0.3 at high resolution (5.0-3.3 A, 218 reflections). Thus, while most of the measured difference is error, the mean delta F and the correlation coefficient can be used to estimate the smaller, true delta F due to structural changes occurring in the M state. The magnitude of this estimated true mean delta F is equal to what would be produced if approximately five to seven nonhydrogen atoms were moved to structurally uncorrelated (i.e., new) positions in the M state. Movements of a few amino acid side chains, and repositioning of atoms of the retinal group and the associated lysine side chain after trans-cis isomerization, are the most probable causes of the observed intensity changes in the M state. The difference Fourier map, calculated in projection at 3.5-A resolution, shows only very small peaks, the largest of which are confined, however, to the region of the protein.
Bacteriorhodopsins↗
Burns in patients under 2 and over 70 years of age.
A total of 246 consecutive burn patients younger than 2 years and older than 70 years of age admitted to a burn center were reviewed retrospectively to study morbidity and mortality specific to these two age groups. Of these patients, 165 were less than 2 years of age and 81 were over 70 years of age, representing 16% and 8% of the total patient population respectively. In patients under 2, scald burns occurred in 127 (77%) and flame burns in 18 (11%). In patients over 70, flame was the most common burn mechanism, occurring in 64 (79%) patients, while scalds occurred in 12 (15%). The mean total body surface area (TBSA) burned in the younger age group was 13.2% (2.4% full thickness, 10.8% partial thickness) and in the older age group was 25% (12.8% full thickness, 12.2% partial thickness). Only 1 death occurred in the younger age group (0.6% mortality), while 41 deaths occurred in the older age group (50.6% mortality). If the burn involved a total body surface area greater than 40%, all patients died (100% mortality). A total of 36 complications occurred in the younger age group (0.2 complications per patient) and 111 in the older age group (1.4 per patient). Burn wound sepsis was the most common complication in each group, occurring in 28 patients under 2 and 42 elderly patients, and was responsible for the 1 death in the younger age group. Although burn wound sepsis was the most common complication in those patients over 70, cardiovascular and pulmonary complications were the most deadly, accounting for 68% (28 patients) of total deaths in this group.
Age Factors↗
Long-term enhancement of hippocampal synaptic transmission and the acquisition of spatial information.
The hypothesis that memories are stored as a specific distribution of strengths in a population of modifiable synapses was examined by the bilateral induction of long-term enhancement in synapses of the main afferent fiber system to the hippocampal formation in rats. Brief, high-frequency activation of the perforant pathway in chronically prepared animals resulted in a persistent increase in the field EPSP and population spike, measured extracellularly in fascia dentata. This treatment resulted in a profound and persistent deficit in the acquisition of new spatial information in a task requiring spatial "reference" memory, and disruption of recently acquired spatial information. Well-established spatial memory was completely unaffected, however, as was the acquisition of spatial information into short-term "working" memory. These results support the hypothesis that, during the formation of "cognitive maps," spatial information must be temporarily stored at modifiable synapses at the input stage to the hippocampal formation, but that this information is not needed once the representation of the environment is well established. Spatial working memory, in a familiar environment, appears not to depend on the distribution of synaptic strengths in this system at all.
Animals↗