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Biomedical subjects

J Bain

Publications and source records attributed to J Bain.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Carcinomatous pseudothyroiditis: a problem in differential diagnosis.

A 51-year-old woman presented with a painful, rapidly enlarging thyroid gland. The serum concentrations of the thyroid hormones were initially at the upper limit of normal, and the uptake of radioactive iodine by the thyroid was completely depressed. Although subacute thyroiditis was suspected, a biopsy specimen from the thyroid showed malignant disease and no evidence of inflammation. At the time of right subtotal lobectomy metastatic breast carcinoma was diagnosed. Thus, primary or secondary malignant disease of the thyroid can simulate thyroiditis and present a serious problem in differential diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1978

Metastasis of cancer of the thyroid gland as a cause of goitre.

In three cases of cancer (arising in the pancreas, the breast and the lung) that had metastasized to the thyroid an unusual primary thyroid lesion was the presenting problem. While reputedly rare, metastases in the thyroid gland are not infrequently encountered at necropsy. These cases illustrate the varied causes of goitre, the value of needle aspiration and cytologic study in thyroid disease and the need for histologic vigilance. Worthwhile palliation by simple means can be obtained in such cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Daily assessment of ocular and hormonal variables throughout the menstrual cycle.

Eleven normal women, between the ages of 19 and 28, were examined at the same time of day, every day of a complete menstrual cycle. Measurements of intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, corneal thickness, and tear production were obtained. Tonographic values were obtained on eight days during the cycle. The results for ten of the women who were shown to have ovulated during the study, were then correlated with daily blood levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estrone, estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone, as measured by techniques of radioimmunoassay. No statistically valid correlations could be made when the various studies were analyzed and correlated.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Malignant pseudothyroiditis: a new clinical entity.

Six patients with thyroid cancer presented with clinical and, in most cases, biochemical features of subacute or chronic thyroiditis. Pathologic study revealed all types of cancer, including metastatic and neighborhood parathyroid malignancy. Confusion in diagnosis lead to a delay of diagnosis of one month to ten years. When thyroiditis is diagnosed, the patient should be followed carefully, including the use of needle aspiration biopsy. Where doubt exists as to diagnosis or response to treatment, open biopsy or operation may be indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Factors affecting the acquisition of resistance against Schistosoma mansoni in the mouse. I. Demonstration of resistance to reinfection using a model system that involves perfusion of mice within three weeks of challenge.

The degree of resistance acquired by Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice against homologous challenge has been determined by perfusion of the animals within three weeks of the challenge, at which time the challenge-derived organisms were morphologically distinguishable from the primary infection which induced the resistance. The method has been compared with assays based on determination of the number of organisms migrating through the lung, and with perfusions at a later time when the challenge has matured. The results obtained with the three week perfusion method, showing that resistance was acquired by eight weeks after a primary infection, were confirmed by the longer survival of, and reduced egg excretion rates and tissue egg burdens in the experimental animals relative to respective challenge control animals. However, some discrepancy in challenge-derived worm numbers was found between animals perfused three weeks after challenge and those autopsied at later times. The possible reasons for this difference are discussed. The degree of resistance that was acquired was to some extent dependent on the size of the challenge infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Factors affecting the acquisition of resistance against Schistosoma mansoni in the mouse. 2. The time at which resistance to reinfection develops.

Mice developed a partial resistance against homologous challenge with Schistosoma mansoni as early as two weeks after primary infections of 35 to 75 cercariae, and the degree of protection increased to an apparent maximum by 6 weeks. Animals given a primary infection of only 25 cercariae required a longer period to acquire maximum resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

LH and FSH response to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in normospermic, oligospermic and azoospermic men.

GnRH was administered to 34 men (8 normospermic, 8 moderately oligospermic, 10 severely oligospermic and 8 azoospermic) and the responsiveness of serum LH and FSH determined. For LH, basal levels were not different among each group, nor was there any difference in response to GnRH at any point in time after injection; however, there was a trend for the azoospermic group to respond more briskly. For FSH, basal levels also did not differ among the groups, but both the azoospermic and severely oligospermic groups showed a hyperresponsiveness that differed significantly from the response elicited by the normospermic group. It is concluded that oligo-azoospermia results from a pantesticular defect involving both seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells and that latent pituitary insufficiency is rarely a cause of subfertility in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The immune-dependence of schistosomicidal chemotherapy: relative lack of efficacy of an antimonial in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice deprived of their T-cells and the demonstration of drug-antiserum synergy.

When T-cell deprived CBA mice, infected with Schistosoma mansoni, were treated orally with potassium antimony tartrate, the reduction in size of their worm burdens was less than in similarly treated, immunologically-intact animals. The defect in deprived mice could be restored by the administration of serum obtained from S. mansoni-infected normal mice simultaneously with the drug, but by a different route. A serum component, probably immunoglobulin, obtained from rabbits which had been injected with an extract from S. mansoni adult worms was also found to act synergystically with the antimonial in the chemotherapeutic eradication of S. mansoni worms from immunologically intact mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the host-parasite relationship in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice: the immunological dependence of parasite egg excretion.

CBA mice deprived of their T cells by means of thymectomy and anti-thymocyte serum and subsequently infected with Schistosoma mansoni were found to have substantially fewer parasite eggs in their faeces than similarly infected immunologically-intact control animals. The number of parasite eggs deposited in the tissues of T-cell deprived mice was by comparison only marginally lower than in control mice. Administration of serum obtained from normal mice with chronic S. mansoni infections partially restored the egg excretion rate in infected deprived mice, and also resulted in an increased number of eggs being deposited in the liver and intestine of these animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Ultrasonographic examination of scrotal masses.

Diagnostic ultrasounds is a simple, rapid, harmless and painless method to visualize intrascrotal contents. It may provide information that is difficult to obtain on clinical examination. Abnormalities such as testicular neoplasms, inflammation and hydroceles are discussed herein.

Abscess↗
PubMed1977

Serologic identification of hemopoietic progenitor cell antigens common to mouse and man.

An immunologic approach to the identification of human hemopoietic stem cell antigens has yielded two types of antisera. Both recognize antigens on hemopoietic progenitors which are identical or cross-reactive with determinants on sperm, brain, and, across the species barrier, with murine hemopoietic stem cells (CFU-S). The first antiserum was the result of an autoimmune reaction in a post-vasectomy patient. The second was produced in rabbits after injection of human brain cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A comparative study of the glycolipids of human, bird and fish testes and of human sperm.

The glycolipids of human testis and sperm have been compared. Both adult testis and the sperm exhibited remarkably complex, but generally similar, patterns of glycolipids. In particular, both contained appreciable amounts of the sulfogalactosylmonoalkylmonoacylglycerol, recently shown to be the principal glycolipid of the testis and sperm of a number of animals. In contrast, immature (prebuteral) human testis did not contain this compound. To extend knowledge on the possible distribution of sulfogalactosylmonoalkylmonoacylglycerol in the testes of other chordates, we have also analysed the glycolipids of the testes of a number of birds and fish. None of the testes from these species contained the above compound. Instead, sulfogalactosylceramide was found to be a major glycolipid of the testis of mature fowl, duck and skate-fish and sulfogalactosylglucosylceramide of the testis of mature salmon and trout. Immature duck testis contained only a trace of sulfogalactosylceramide. These studies reveal intriguing differences between the sulfatides of various chordates, lend support to the concept that sulfatides increase markedly in testis at a specific stage of spermatogenesis and suggest an important role for sulfatides in testicular and spermatozoal function.

Adult↗