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Biomedical subjects

J Bailey

Publications and source records attributed to J Bailey.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Sudden death and myocardial necrosis in cattle.

Sudden death in cattle, especially calves, is a common problem of farm practice. Some cases are associated with significant cardiac lesions; in others, although necropsy suggests cardiac failure to be the cause of death, histological examination of H & E sections fails to demonstrate conclusively the site and nature of the lesion. We have studied 26 animals which died suddenly and in which the only pathological abnormalities detected were definite or equivocal myocardial necrosis. Three types of necrosis were identified: myodegeneration, contraction band necrosis and coagulation necrosis. Vacuolation of myocytes occurred in control hearts only in the sub-endocardial myocardium, but was found more extensively in diseased hearts. Paraffin sections of myocardium stained by von Kóssa's method or by haematoxylin-basic fuchsin-picric acid improved the detection of myocardial necrosis. Some myocardium was examined by electron microscopy which detected early myocardial necrosis in some equivocal cases and defined the nature of the lesion in more advanced cases. Early changes were an increase in the number of type A mitochondrial inclusions which did not contain significant quantities of calcium but which increased in number after death, albeit to a lesser degree, even in control material. This was followed by deposition of electron-dense granules and spicules (Type B inclusions) and totally electron-opaque mitochondria in association with contraction band necrosis. X-ray microanalysis showed type B inclusions and electron-opaque mitochondria to have peaks for calcium. It is suggested that myocardial cell death in animals having such lesions resulted from mitochondrial calcium overload. The findings are discussed in relation to nutritional myopathies of ruminants and human myocardial disease associated with sudden death, and to experimental myocardial ischaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

In vitro susceptibility of Trichomonas vaginalis to zinc.

The prostate has long been considered to be a site of sequestration of Trichomonas vaginalis. From this reservoir, organisms are thought to be shed during intercourse and produce repeated infections in the female genitourinary tract. Bacteria known to cause prostatitis are inhibited by concentrations of zinc found in uninfected prostatic secretions. The present study demonstrates a similar inhibitory effect of zinc on the growth of T. vaginalis. This finding would suggest that, in otherwise healthy males, the prostate is not likely to be a reservoir for latent infection by these organisms.

In Vitro Techniques↗
PubMed1981

A clinical and pharmacodynamic evaluation of sulpiride.

In a double-blind study the therapeutic efficacy of sulpiride was compared to that of haloperidol--an established neuroleptic agent. A total of 30 female patients with a diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia were initially stabilised on the dosage of haloperidol which produced optimum therapeutic response when given once or twice daily. The patients were then randomly allocated to receive either sulpiride or haloperidol over a period of 12 weeks. Plasma drug concentrations and prolactin levels were determined. Clinical effects were evaluated by Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Wing Rating Scale, and Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale (EPS). A standardised side-effects checklist was used. Treatment with sulpiride was associated with a significant rise in plasma prolactin level, but paradoxically these patients had significantly reduced extrapyramidal symptoms. No significant correlation was found between plasma sulpiride concentration and prolactin level or any of the clinical variables. The study confirms the antipsychotic activity of sulpiride.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1981

Lithium continuation therapy following electroconvulsive therapy.

Thirty-eight depressed patients who were treated with ECT were randomly assigned to receive lithium therapy or identical-looking placebo tablets for one year after clinical recovery in a double-blind trial. The patients who received placebo tablets spent an average of 7.8 weeks with an episode of depression (either as in-patients or day-patients) during the year. In comparison, patients who received lithium spent on average 1.7 weeks with an episode (P less than 0.02). The trial confirms the high rate of relapses after ECT and suggests that lithium considerably reduces this morbidity. It is suggested that ECT without continuation therapy is not a satisfactory treatment of depressive illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Characterization of the binding of Triton X-100 to equine and rabbit serum albumin.

The binding isotherms for Triton X-100 binding to equine and rabbit serum albumin were determined by equilibrium dialysis at 16 degrees C in pH 7.0, I = 0.05 phosphate buffer. Presented in a Scatchard plot, the binding isotherms are a straight line, indicating thermodynamically independent and identical binding sites. In this model equine serum albumin is characterized as having 11 such sites with an equilibrium constant of 6.0 x 10(3) M-1. Similarly, rabbit serum albumin is characterized as having 9 such sites with an equilibrium constant of 8.0 x 10(3) M-1.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Xenon arc photocoagulation for the treatment of diabetic maculopathy. Interim report of a multicentre controlled clinical study.

The results of a randomised controlled clinical study in the treatment of diabetic maculopathy are reported. Ninety-nine patients with two similarly affected eyes had one--chosen by random procedure--treated, while the other was left as an untreated control. Visual acuity was maintained in the treated eyes, while it deteriorated in the untreated eyes, reaching over 2 lines difference after 4 years. The difference in deterioration was significantly less in treated than in untreated eyes at each assessment. After 4 years the difference between the 2 eyes was greatest in those with initially good vision. There was no difference in visual acuity in patients whose initial vision was less than 6/36. Only 9 treated but 25 control eyes lost vision to blindness (P less than 0.001). It is concluded that maculopathy is a treatable form of diabetic retinopathy if treated before severe visual loss occurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immunocytochemical identification of trichomonads.

Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the more common pathogens of the genitourinary tract. Morphologic studies of trichomonal infections, however, have been hampered by the fragile nature of these thin-walled flagellates and the lack of specific histochemical procedures to identify the fragmented organisms found in tissue sections. These limitations have usually restricted positive identification to smears of freshly obtained specimens. In an attempt to overcome these limitations, a rabbit antiserum specific for Trichomonas organisms was produced by repeated subcutaneous injections of a documented strain of T vaginalis maintained in vitro. Using this antiserum, immunoperoxidase techniques have been modified so that trichomonads have been clearly identified both in smears and in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. This method seems to be useful in establishing the presence of these organisms in tissue and may subsequently contribute to the histopathologic definition of trichomoniasis in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Transport: gearing up to local demand.

Growing demand for social services transport has created a number of problems. Author lists the main difficulties and puts forward some suggestions for overcoming them including co-ordination between social services departments and other local authority and health service transport groups.

Health Services Administration↗