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Biomedical subjects

J Bahr

Publications and source records attributed to J Bahr.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

ACD versus standard CPR in a prehospital setting.

BACKGROUND: Animal and human studies in cardiac arrest demonstrate significant improvements in systolic blood pressure, coronary perfusion pressure and total brain and myocardial blood flow with active compression-decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The results of recent studies in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and use of ACD-CPR are non-uniform and require supplementation. METHODS: In a retrospective non-randomised design, 152 adult patients with prehospital cardiac arrest, not caused by trauma or hypothermia, were studied. Compressions were performed according to the recommendations of the American Heart Association. Three ACD devices were assigned to seven rescue units changing monthly. Study end-points were the rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), admission to hospital, survival at 24h, hospital discharge and neurologic outcome. RESULTS: 70 (46%) patients underwent standard (STD) CPR and 82 (54%) patients were treated with ACD-CPR. Both groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, witnessed cardiac arrests, bystander CPR, cause of arrest, time intervals, number of defibrillations, and total amount of epinephrine. No significant differences in outcome could be found: 20 patients (29%) who received STD-CPR, and 14 patients (17%) who underwent ACD-CPR survived to hospital discharge. Neither at other end-points nor in any subgroups could any significant differences be discovered. Patients regaining ROSC showed a significant difference in favour of STD-CPR for the end-points of hospital admission, 24-h survival and hospital discharge. CONCLUSION: No significant differences in hospital discharge and neurological outcome were found between STD-CPR and ACD-CPR.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of residents with do-not-resuscitate orders in nursing homes.

We determined patient characteristics associated with do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status in nursing homes using cross-sectional analysis of secondary data derived from Minimum Data Set documents in 14 nursing homes from one state in the upper Midwest. The primary outcome variable was DNR status. Bivariate analysis was first carried out on all variables. Variables associated with DNR status at this stage were then included in a stepwise logistic regression to determine variables independently associated with DNR status. Overall, 71% of patients had DNR orders. Variables found to be independently associated with a higher probability of DNR status were increasing age, female gender, worse cognitive function, durable power of attorney, being self-paying, or having commercial insurance. Lack of daily contact with relatives and friends and lack of involvement with others were associated with lower probability of DNR status. A higher prevalence of DNR status in nursing homes was seen than in prior literature. The patient characteristics shown to be associated with DNR status may give important insight into the reasons that such decisions are made.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

A comparison of two different European EMS centers (Brugge and Göttingen) using the same electronic 'cardiopulmonary-cerebral-resuscitation' registration program: a preliminary report.

A preliminary comparison of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (CA) data registered with a common software program (Utstein style) in two different European EMS centers is presented. Rather than attempting independently several small-scale trials, we prefer to develop in a committed effort a coordinated program of active and passive surveillance. Hopefully, this will allow us to determine the true European profile and outcome of our out-of-hospital CA victims.

Belgium↗
PubMed1994

[Laser Doppler: new diagnostic possibilities in gestosis].

To evaluate the Laser-Doppler flowmeter (LD) as a diagnostic tool in microcirculatory alterations of gestosis, cutaneous circulation was measured in the forearm under basal conditions and during reactive hyperaemia by means of an MBF3D (Moor Instrument Ltd., Oxford) in 11 hypertonic and in 14 normotonic pregnant women (+/- proteinuria, +/- pathologic increase in body mass, 16-36 years old, 26-40th week of gestation) with the exception of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, all statistical and clinical criteria were identical in the two groups. There were, however, in the hypertonic patients significant reductions in most of the LD criteria (basal and maximal speed and concentration of erythrocytes, duration of reactive hyperaemia). Regardless of group assignment, there were negative correlations between erythrocytes speed on the one side (basal, maximal), and blood pressure an the other, in some instances also to the increase in body mass and to the APGAR score of newborns. These preliminary findings are considered on an expression of cutaneous vasoconstriction accompanying hypertension in pregnancy. Extensive validation of LD under these conditions seems promising.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

CPR education in the community.

Results from a citizen CPR project are presented, in particular those concerning the deficiencies of CPR education. First, the sociodemographic characteristics of trainees do not meet the requirements of cardiac emergencies, since trainees typically are young and male, whereas the typical bystander is an elderly woman. As a consequence, bystander CPR is initiated in only a small proportion of witnessed emergencies. Secondly, knowledge and skills decrease dramatically as little as 6 months after training. Although a quality of performance somewhat below AHA standards may still improve a patient's prognosis, the need for regular retraining must be emphasized. Thirdly, this need is underlined when looking at factors influencing the superior complex of competence: frequent and regular participation in qualified training increases comprehensive competence, which is a pre-condition for helping behaviour. Fourthly, awareness of the central telephone number to activate the EMS has to be promoted. And, fifthly, every single link of the chain of survival; efforts aimed at improving citizen CPR training must be accompanied by efforts aimed at early access and the quality of EMS service, tailored to regional or local structures.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1992

Antigenic properties of the second loop of transforming growth factor alpha by synthetic peptides.

We describe synthesis and immunological properties of peptides constructed based on the second loop of TGF-alpha. The peptides were synthesized manually using a standard solid-phase Boc protocol. Sulfhydryl groups were protected as acetamidomethyl derivatives during the synthesis and the disulfide bridges were formed at high dilution by oxidation with iodine in the presence of glutathione. In ELISA assays antibodies to the peptides were inhibited by the native hormone to various extents. In addition, two peptides reacted well with a polyclonal antibody to TGF-alpha, but this reaction was only slightly inhibited by TGF-alpha in solution.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

An epitope in Coil 2B of cytokeratin 8.

An immunological epitope has been located at the well preserved heptade discontinuity in Coil 2B of human cytokeratin 8, with the aid of synthetic peptides, antibodies to these and monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratins. CD revealed 37% alpha-helix in a 31-peptide.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Population development in Greater Santiago between 1970 and 1982: an analysis of district census results].

"An attempt is made in the light of an analysis of population changes occurring in several sub-districts of Greater Santiago in the period between the last population censuses of 1970 and 1982, based on small-area census units (distritos and communas) to draw attention to the effects on the spatial growth of the city resulting from changed conditions in the political and juridical sphere since the change of power in 1973." The effect of changes in government policy concerning the liberalization of the property market and the illegal occupation of land are noted. (summary in ENG)

Americas↗