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Biomedical subjects

J Baer

Publications and source records attributed to J Baer.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Computed tomography and sonography in small bowel intussusception: a case report.

A 23-yr-old patient with a small bowel intussusception as diagnosed by CT and sonography is presented herein. Sonographic features include a soft tissue mass of bowel origin composed of alternating echodense and echolucent rings. Intussusception by CT has a characteristic appearance created by the individual layers of bowel wall, mesenteric fat located on one margin of the bowel wall, and intraluminal contrast. Awareness of these findings are important as both CT and sonography have become a primary imaging modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Microscale syntheses of anti-tumour platinum compounds labelled with 191Pt.

Several compounds of platinum have been found to have significant anti-tumour activity and are in various stages of clinical trials. Four such compounds: cis-PtCl2(NH3)2, cis PtCl2(cyclopropylamine)2, cis,trans-PtCl2(OH)2(isopropylamine)2 and cis-Pt(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate) (NH3)2 were synthesised with radioactive platinum-191 as a label for the study of animal organ distribution, patient blood clearance, urinary excretion and renal uptake and clearance. This paper describes the microscale synthesis of these compounds. Purification and quality control procedures are also described.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

Blood clearance of radioactively labelled cis-diammine 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate platinum (II) (CBDCA) in cancer patients.

The blood and urinary clearances of cis-diammine 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate platinum(II) (CBDCA, JM8) were determined in four patients with malignancy. A 40 muCi iv injection of 191 Pt/193 Pt (3:1)-labelled CBDCA was followed by serial blood and urine sampling to 72 h. The blood clearance was triphasic, mean values for the fast, intermediate, and slow phases being 10.8 min, 2.5 h, and 125 h, respectively. The fraction of activity excreted in the urine within the first 6 h had a mean value of 66.7%, contrasting with 26.4% for cisplatin. There was only a small fraction of CBDCA excreted by the slow phase (1.5%) as against an average of 20% for CHIP and 27% for cisplatin. The early and rapid renal clearance of CBDCA may account for reduced nephrotoxicity.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

The effect of a formula diet on preparation of the colon for barium enema examination. Impact on health care and costs.

A preliminary study of unselected ambulatory patients having barium enema examinations showed that 31.5% were optimally prepared for evaluation of polypoid mucosal lesions, but 29% had fecal material in the colon that could have obscured the lesions during examination. Although 38 of 42 patients took prescribed cathartics, 84% did not maintain a low-residue diet, as prescribed at this institution. Subsequently, 98 age-matched patients revealed detailed low-residue diet instructions or a formula diet before barium enema examination. Formula preparation resulted in 51% optimal and only 9.5% unacceptable studies compared with 25% optimal and 34% unacceptable examinations in the control group. Caloric intake averaged 700 kcal/day during low-residue diet preparation and was increased almost twofold with formula preparation; improvement was particularly noticeable in the elderly (556 vs 1,286 kcal/day). Prepackaged low-residue defined diets seem acceptable to patients when substituted for a low-residue diet. Bowel cleanliness is greatly enhanced before the barium enema examination, thus improving health care and reducing radiation exposure and costs.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Lessening the impairment of wound healing by pre-or postoperative quantitative factor-XIII substitution (author's transl)].

In the light of listed references, a report is given on the influence of the clotting factor XIII in experiments with animals as well as with patients. Through own examinations in 95 patients with severe abdominal and vessel surgery, a clear lessening of impairment of wound healing could be achieved by the quantitative pre- and postoperative substitution of the fibrin stabilizing factor.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1978

Effects of adenine arabinoside on lymphocytes infected with Epstein-Barr virus.

Low concentrations of adenine arabinoside inhibited growth of two Epstein-Barr virus producer cell lines in culture, while not significantly affecting a nonproducer cell line and a B-cell-negative line. These observations were extended to include freshly infected cells. Mitogen-stimulated human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes were unaffected by the drug at concentration levels that inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation into the DNA of Epstein-Barr virus-stimulated cells. DNA synthesis in Epstein-Barr virus-superinfected Raji cells was also adversely affected by adenine arabinoside. However, these same low concentrations of adenine arabinoside in the triphosphate form produced less effect on DNA synthesis in nuclear systems and DNA polymerase assays than on growth or DNA synthesis in whole cells. Therefore the effects reported here of low concentrations of the drug on whole cells may be only in part related to DNA polymerase inhibition. The work reported here suggests that adenine arabinoside has multiple sites of action in infected cells.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1978

Pathogenesis of bleeding colonic diverticulosis: new concepts.

Diverticulosis of the colon is a common disease of the older population which develops in those people who eat highly refined carbohydrate diets free of roughage. High intraluminal pressures are created in the resultant narrowed colon which tends to push the mucosa between circular muscle bundles through oblique connective tissue clefts containing the vasa recta. Massive bleeding of the colon is most commonly due to right-sided diverticulosis. It can be explained by chronic injury to the vasa recta which lie within the submucosa of the diverticulum from the apex to the antimesenteric orifice. Rupture has been documented to occur when the wall of the artery facing the diverticulum becomes weakened by intimal fibrosis, elastic lamina fragmentation, and smooth muscle atrophy. This occurs at the dome and at the antimesenteric orifice of the diverticulum. Selective angiography is the diagnostic tool of choice. Recent advances in pharmacoagiography and and embolization promise successful treatment with lower morbidity than surgical resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Site of hydrolysis of collagen by hot trichloroacetic acid.

When calfskin collagen is treated with trichloroacetic acid at 90 degrees C, it is hydrolyzed to a mixture of peptides, some of which are quite small. Cleavage of collagen by acid seems to occur at bonds between proline (or hydroxyproline) and other amino acids, with only a limited specificity for which amino acid donates its amino group to the susceptible peptide bond.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Rectal and sigmoid involvement secondary to carcinoma of the prostate.

Three types of involvement of the rectum and recto-sigmoid by carcinoma of the prostate are reviewed through an analysis of eight cases. A fourth type with subserosal metastatic implant of the proximal sigmoid may occasionally be encountered. The roentgenographic findings are not pathognomonic, but are characteristic of extrinsic involvement of the bowel wall. When clinical symptoms are predominantly related to the bowel, carcinoma of the prostate is usually advanced. All patients presented with bone metastases, uretero-hydronephorsis, lack of function of one kidney, or both bone metastases and urinary tract obstruction. Rectoscopy and biopsy are helpful. However, biopsy specimens often show non-diagnostic features in secondary malignancy. Correct diagnosis is important, since there is a difference in treatment of primary carcinoma and of secondary involvement of the rectum by prostatic carcinoma. A diagnostic challenge exists if the patient is evaluated by barium enema examination for primary bowel symptoms, in particular, large bowel obstruction. At this time intravenous pyelography and bone survey for metastases may not be available to suggest the correct diagnosis. More widespread use of barium enema examinations in the evaluation of advanced carcinoma of the prostate is suggested, since the type of rectal disease shown on barium enema study was not clinically suspected in five of eight patients. The prognosis is usually unfavorable because of advanced carcinoma. Survival often does not exceed several months to one year. However, one of our patients is still well after three years of hormonal therapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Idiopathic esophageal ulceration in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: radiologic reappraisal in 10 patients.

Idiopathic esophageal ulceration in patients with AIDS has previously been described. Establishing this diagnosis is important because of the excellent response of these ulcers to corticosteroid therapy. We studied 10 such patients with esophagography and endoscopy. HIV was isolated from the ulcer base in six of the 10 patients utilizing various techniques including in situ hybridization. No other organisms were found. All of the ulcers were in the distal half of the esophagus and were solitary in eight of the 10 patients. The solitary ulcers were large (2.5 x 2.0 cm to 12 x 9 cm) and deep (> 0.5 cm) with undermined margins. In three patients, fistulae arose from the distal esophagus and crossed the gastroesophageal junction. In one patient, a huge idiopathic ulcer perforated into the mediastinum. These latter findings are not seen in the more common ulcerating AIDS esophagitides due to herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗