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Biomedical subjects

J B Weissberg

Publications and source records attributed to J B Weissberg.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of cycloheximide on skin and renal radiation tolerance in the rat.

The effect of cycloheximide (CHM) on skin and renal radiation tolerance in the rat has been studied. When administered 24 hr prior to a range of single radiation doses to the hind limbs, the drug protected against skin damage. When administered at intervals of 45 min to 100 hr prior to single-dose irradiation of the kidneys, no protection against renal injury, as manifested by blood pressure, urine creatinine level, and lethality, was observed. CHM-induced alteration in the cell cycle may confer radioprotection to a rapidly proliferating cell renewal system such as the skin and exert no radioprotective action in slowly proliferative tissue such as kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Randomized trial of conventional versus high fractional dose radiation therapy in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancer.

A prospectively randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare conventionally fractionated radiation therapy and high fractional dose irradiation in the treatment of advanced, surgically unresectable head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sixty-four patients were entered into the study between 1973 and 1979 and were randomized to receive either 200 rad daily to total tumor doses of 6000-7000 rad in 6-7 weeks, or 400 rad daily to a total of approximately 4400 rad in 2-3 weeks. The distribution of patients between the two fractionation schedules was comparable regarding site of the primary tumor, extent of disease, degree of histologic differentiation and performance status. Twenty-nine of 31 (94%) patients in the 200 rad group and 29 of 33 (88%) in the 400 rad group has Stage IV disease. Twenty-six in the former group and 30 in the latter completed radiation therapy as planned. Acute skin and mucosal reactions occurred earlier in patients treated with 400 rad daily, but were of equivalent intensity and well within acceptable levels in both groups. No increase in late adverse effects was seen with high daily doses. Palliation of tumor-related symptoms and extent of tumor control were comparable in the two groups. Actuarial five year disease-free survival rates were approximately 10% in both treatment groups with a mean follow-up period of 5 1/2 years. We conclude that high fractional dose irradiation is equivalent to conventionally fractionated radiation therapy in the treatment of advanced head and neck cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Effect of cycloheximide on the bone marrow toxicity of nitrogen mustard.

Cycloheximide (CHM), a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis, has been reported to protect rat intestinal crypt cells from mitotic inhibition by nitrogen mustard (HN2). For investigation of the effect of CHM on the bone marrow toxicity of HN2, CHM (1.0 mg/kg) and HN2 in doses up to 2.5 mg/kg were given i.p. to rats. Twenty-eight % (13 of 46) of rats given HN2 alone died within 5 days. Only 4% (2 of 45) of rats pretreated with CHM died within 5 days after the administration of HN2. Rats pretreated with CHM had significantly less leukopenia and granulocytopenia than did rats given HN2 alone, and their bone marrow cellularity, assessed by histological sections and total femoral marrow cell counts, was greater than that of animals given HN2 alone. Bone marrow DNA synthesis, as measured by in vitro [3H]thymidine incorporation, was decreased 2 hr after HN2 injection, appeared to recover at 4 hr, but was further decreased at 24 and 48 hr. CHM given up to 20 min before HN2 reversed the effect of HN2 on DNA synthesis at 2 and 4 hr. A variable protective effect of CHM was observed at 24 and 48 hr. These studies indicate that CHM increases the survival of HN2-treated rats and partially protects rat bone marrow cells from HN2 cytotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Arsine poisoning.

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Acute Disease↗