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Biomedical subjects

J B Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to J B Weiss.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A synergistic effect on microvessel cell proliferation between basic fibroblast growth factor (FGFb) and endothelial cell stimulating angiogenesis factor (ESAF).

Stimulation of microvessel endothelial cells grown on collagen gels by endothelial cell stimulating angiogenesis factor was confirmed (1). The potent endothelial cell growth stimulating activity of basic fibroblast growth factor has also been demonstrated for cells grown on collagen gels. However, the growth factor activity of basic fibroblast growth factor towards microvessel endothelial cells was almost eliminated when experiments were carried out in the presence of diafiltered foetal calf serum, but was partially restored by the addition of endothelial cell stimulating angiogenesis factor to medium containing the diafiltered serum. In contrast to these observations, foetal skin fibroblasts were stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor when grown in medium with diafiltered serum, and this stimulation was not modified by the presence of endothelial cell stimulating angiogenesis factor.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1987

Schistosoma mansoni: stimulation of artificial granuloma formation in vivo by carbohydrate determinants.

A subset of Schistosoma mansoni egg glycoproteins that share a common carbohydrate epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody 128C3 was shown to induced formation of hepatic granulomata when conjugated to Sepharose beads and injected into the portal circulation of naive mice. Concanavalin-binding egg glycoproteins exhibited more granuloma-inducing activity than did total egg extract, although deglycosylated egg proteins also induced granulomata; thus, both amino acid and carbohydrate epitopes appeared to be involved. Glycoproteins derived from adult male worms also were active, indicating that immunological processes responsible for granuloma formation may not be absolutely stage specific.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Epiphyseal growth plate cartilage and chondrocytes in mineralising cultures produce a low molecular mass angiogenic procollagenase activator.

We have investigated one aspect of the biochemical control of angiogenesis in the mammalian growth plate. This is the first report of an angiogenic compound from normal growing skeletal tissue. The active agent was indistinguishable from ESAF (endothelial cell-stimulating angiogenic factor), previously identified from tumour, retina and synovial fluid. 1. Using a procollagenase activation assay, ESAF was detected in low molecular weight extracts of growth plate cartilage from two species (foetal calf and young rabbit). ESAF content declined with increasing age of the foetal calf growth plate cartilage. 2. Rabbit growth plate chondrocytes in high density culture also produced ESAF 24-48 h after calcification of the culture. Inhibition of alkaline phosphatase in these cultures reduced the stimulation of ESAF production. These findings suggest that ESAF production occurs as a stage in chondrocyte differentiation which is linked with the onset of matrix calcification. A model is proposed for the control of angiogenesis in the growth plate.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1986

Identification of Schistosoma mansoni glycolipids that share immunogenic carbohydrate epitopes with glycoproteins.

The immunoreactivity of sera of infected hosts against glycolipids derived from Schistosoma mansoni eggs, adult male worms, and cercariae was analyzed by immunostaining of glycolipids resolved by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Eggs contained the greatest number of immunogenic glycolipids and bound the largest proportion of serum antibodies. Virtually all of the immunogenic egg glycolipids were neutrally charged and contained oligosaccharide chains larger in size than five sugar residues. The glycolipids of each developmental stage were shown by use of five monoclonal antibodies to share schistosome-specific carbohydrate epitopes that were also present on glycoproteins. Several of the carbohydrate epitopes were expressed throughout the life cycle, yet the overall structures of the glycolipids were not conserved. Quantitative analyses by solid-phase binding assays indicated that the carbohydrate epitopes were differentially expressed between the glycolipids and glycoproteins of developmental stages. Sera from infected humans and mice both contained very high levels of anti-carbohydrate antibodies that were reactive with the glycolipids, irrespective of the stage or intensity of disease. Mice harboring unisexual infections of either male or female worms also recognized the egg glycolipids in a pattern indistinguishable from that of patently infected mice. A greater proportion of the humoral response against egg antigens in infected humans was directed against protein determinants, as compared with infected mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Recurrent villous adenoma of the duodenum.

A patient is presented who in 1977 had a villous adenoma of the duodenum presenting with a diarrheal syndrome. Surgical removal of the polypoid mass lesion, which was pathologically a benign villous adenoma, resulted in resolution of her diarrhea. She remained asymptomatic until 6.5 yr later when diarrhea recurred. Radiographic and endoscopic examinations revealed a large villous adenoma within the proximal duodenum. After endoscopic polypectomy, her diarrhea promptly ceased. This is the first reported case of diarrhea associated with a villous adenoma of the duodenum.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Abnormal connective tissue degrading enzyme patterns in prolapsed intervertebral discs.

The collagenolytic enzyme systems in the human, normal, and prolapsed intervertebral discs have been studied. Normal discs obtained postmortem contained a novel collagenase with specificity toward Type II collagen and gelatin but with little or no activity against Type I collagen. A method whereby enzymes are detected quantitatively in extracts of human tissue using specific substrates, without prior chromatographic separation of the enzymes, has been developed and used to study 14 normal discs and 35 surgically excised prolapsed discs. No differences were observed between annulus and nucleus extracts of normal discs either in the pattern of enzymes or the quantity. The intermediate zone between nucleus and annulus was excised and was not tested. Highly significant differences were observed between the enzyme patterns of the normal and prolapsed discs. The major collagenolytic activity of normal discs is against Type II collagen and 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 alpha collagen, there is little activity toward Type I collagen and virtually none toward elastin. Conversely, the prolapsed disc is more highly active against the substrates elastin and Type I collagen than against Type II collagen or 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 alpha collagen. The individual patterns of enzymes of the 35 prolapsed discs were virtually identical. Similarly there was little internal variation between the patterns of enzymes extracted from discs, obtained postmortem, which were apparently normal. The striking difference between the normal and prolapsed disc could be an important factor in the pathogenesis of disc prolapse.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, myocardial infarction, and controls.

Urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) excretion was measured in 24 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before and after treatment with conventional second-line agents. Urinary GAG excretion was also measured in normal controls, patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Total GAG excretion was increased in the RA group and fell after second-line therapy (p less than 0.01). More low than high molecular weight GAG was excreted in the active RA group, and this pattern was reversed after treatment. Excretion of total, high and low molecular weight GAG in the OA group did not differ significantly from controls. Total GAG excretion was increased in the MI group when compared with controls (p less than 0.02) and consisted mainly of high molecular weight GAG. The serial measurement of urinary GAG provides a further index of disease activity and may help to monitor response to treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of oxygen tension on the quantities of procollagenase-activating angiogenic factor present in the developing kitten retina.

Maintenance of newborn kittens in an oxygen rich atmosphere followed by a recovery period in a normal atmosphere mimicked the effects of the human disease retrolental fibroplasia. The retinas of such kittens contained significantly raised levels of low molecular weight angiogenic material (as measured by procollagenase activation) when compared with those of a control group of kittens.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1986

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid progesterone concentrations in pregnant and nonpregnant women.

Pregnancy is associated with a wider dermatomal spread of local anesthetics after epidural and spinal anesthesia. This phenomenon also exists in the immediate postpartum period. The mechanism of this observation is unresolved. However, an increase in progesterone concentration in pregnancy has been implicated as one of the factors. Although plasma progesterone concentrations in humans have been well-documented, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) progesterone levels, which may also be important in this regard, have not been determined. Therefore, this study was undertaken to measure plasma and CSF progesterone in the nonpregnant, term parturient and in the immediate postpartum patient and also to determine the relationship between the CSF progesterone concentration and the intrathecal spread of lidocaine used for spinal anesthesia. The plasma progesterone concentrations in 12 nonpregnant, 21 term and eight postpartum patients were 2.3 +/- 61 (SEM) ng/ml, 122 +/- 8 ng/ml and 16 +/- 2.2 ng/ml, respectively. The CSF progesterone concentrations in term parturients (3 +/- 0.28 (SEM) ng/ml) and postpartum patients (1.03 +/- 0.16 ng/ml) were eight and three times greater than that of nonpregnant women (0.39 +/- 0.01 ng/ml). Significantly less lidocaine was needed (P less than 0.05) for comparable segmental levels of spinal anesthesia in term and postpartum patients than in nonpregnant individuals. These data suggest that high CSF, plasma progesterone concentrations, or both may augment the anesthetic spread of lidocaine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Partial purification of a 5.7K glycoprotein from bovine vitreous which inhibits both angiogenesis and collagenase activity.

An inhibitor of angiogenic activity similar to that described by Raymond and Jacobson (1) has been partially purified and shown to be a glycoprotein of molecular mass 5,700. This inhibitor gave rise to an avascular zone on the chick vitelline plexus and also negated the action of a low Mr angiogenic factor. When the angiogenic inhibitor was incubated with mammalian collagenase it inhibited the enzyme activity by nearly 70%. The relevance of these findings to the role of collagenase in angiogenesis is discussed.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗