Biomedical subjects

J B Sutherland

Publications and source records attributed to J B Sutherland.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1981

Catabolism of substituted benzoic acids by streptomyces species.

Four thermotolerant actinomycetes from soil, identified as Streptomyces albulus 321, Streptomyces sioyaensis P5, Streptomyces viridosporus T7A, and Streptomyces sp. V7, were grown at 45 degrees C in media containing either benzoic acid or hydroxyl- and methoxyl-substituted benzoic acids as the principal carbon sources. Benzoic acid was converted to catechol; p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, and veratric acids were converted to protocatechuic acid; and m-hydroxybenzoic acid was converted to gentisic acid. Catechol, protocatechuic acid, and gentisic acid were cleaved by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, and gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, respectively. Dioxygenases appeared only in induced cultures. m-Hydroxybenzoic, m-anisic, and p-anisic acids were gratuitous inducers of dioxygenases in some strains. One strain converted vanillic acid to guaiacol.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1981

Streptomyces setonii: catabolism of vanillic acid via guaiacol and catechol.

Streptomyces setonii (strain 75Vi2) was grown at 45 degrees C in liquid media containing simple aromatic compounds as principal carbon sources. Thin-layer chromatography, UV spectrophotometry, and gas chromatography were used to show that S. setonii converted benzoic acid, guaiacol, and vanillic acid to catechol; p-hydroxybenzoic acid to protocatechuic acid; and m-hydroxybenzoic acid to gentisic acid. Presence of the ring-cleavage enzymes catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, and gentisate 2,3-dioxygenase was shown both by O2 uptake in ring-cleavage reactions catalyzed by cell-free extracts and by changes in UV spectra that indicated the presence of specific ring-cleavage products. A unique feature of this strain was its catabolism of vanillic acid by of guaiacol and catechol, using a pathway that had not been confirmed previously.

Benzoates↗

PubMed1981

Renal transplant uptake of technetium-99m sulfur colloid in various time periods after transplantation.

The uptake of technetium-99m sulfur colloid (TSC) by transplanted kidneys undergoing rejection has been described. In this retrospective study, the value of TSC uptake in diagnosing renal rejection was studied in different time intervals after renal transplantation. Within 14 days after transplantation, increasing uptake was seen in 88% of 26 rejection episodes. In patients with acute tubular necrosis, 42% of their studies showed TSC uptake. TSC did not predict rejection within the three days prior to rejection. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 128 TSC studies were compared at different thresholds of TSC uptake; at best, accuracy was only 76%. In later time intervals, a much smaller percentage of patients had increasing uptake with rejection; this tendency was to remain unchanged. Many non-rejection studies showed some TSC uptake. In chronic rejection, persistently marked uptake dominated prior to one year after transplantation, but not beyond this. Thus, within 14 days after transplantation, TSC uptake may support the diagnosis of rejection. Thereafter its value becomes greatly limited.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗

PubMed1980

Riposte to "Environmental lead and young children".

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗

PubMed1980

Timing of distant flap pedicle division using xenon 133 clearance.

Clearance of intradermally injected xenon 133 was used to measure blood flow in distant flaps in humans with the donor pedicle temporarily clamped just prior to division. All 18 flaps with a blood flow of 0.5 ml per 100 gm of tissue per minute or more survived completely after separation. Of 7 with lesser flow, 3 underwent marginal necrosis adjacent to the line of division and 4 survived entirely. The false-negative result (complete flap survival in 4 patients) was artifactual due to isotope injection too close to the clamp, reflecting increased local tissue tension caused by the clamp rather than low blood flow in the flap. Xenon 133 washout does permit quantitative evaluation of blood flow, and since it is a clean isotope, it appears superior to sodium 24 and technetium 99m, which have been used in a similar manner. The test is proposed as an adjunct to clinical judgment in timing pedicle division.

Humans↗

PubMed1980

Xenon-133 ventilation and perfusion studies in bronchiectasis.

Thirty-nine Xenon-133 ventilation and perfusion studies in 36 patients with bronchiectasis were analyzed retrospectively. These patients showed a marked reduction in ventilation with a less severe reduction in pulmonary arterial perfusion, resulting in areas of low ventilation-perfusion ratios. In those patients with bronchographic confirmation, xenon studies had greater sensitivity (0.89) than the chest radiographs (0.71). Where both the radiograph and the scan are normal, bronchiectasis is virtually excluded; therefore bronchography is not indicated.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Quantitation of fat in liver by xenon uptake.

Xenon uptake in fatty livers of seven patients has been quantitatively measured, and correlated with the amount of fat in the hepatic cells. Quantitation of the Xenon uptake correctly predicted the amount of fat seen histologically in six of the seven patients studied. In the seventh patient, analysis of the wash-in and wash-out curves showed that equilibrium conditions had not been reached. It is concluded that the establishment of equilibrium conditions is a prerequisite to the use of this test in a quantitative fashion.

Fatty Liver↗

PubMed1978

133Xe uptake by fatty livers.

Of 19 studies on 15 patients with morbid obesity and fatty infiltration of the liver, 16 had increased uptake and retention of 133Xe in the liver following 5-minute rebreathing of 133Xe and oxygen. This observation shows a high correlation with the histologically proven presence of fat in the hepatocytes, and offers a simple, accurate and precise indication of the excess fat in the liver.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Telephone line transmission of rectilinear radionuclide scans. Report of a pilot project.

The General Electric-Elscint system for telephone line transmission of rectillinear scans has been tested and with certain limitations found to be acceptable in terms of diagnostic accuracy for many scan procedures. The system tested had some logistic disadvantage requiring batch processing of the scans, and making quality control of the scans difficult with the one video data processor available at the reference centre.

Data Display↗

PubMed1975

Technetium bone scanning as an aid in the diagnosis of atypical acute osteomyelitis in children.

Technetium bone scanning is a simple, safe and accurate method for the diagnosis of acute osteomyelitis in children whose presenting clinical findings are atypical of bone infection. Bone scanning was effective in the localization of the exact site of osteomyelitis, thus facilitating needle aspiration as well as subsequent surgical decompression. Tehcnetium bone scanning is a diagnostic technique for determining bone infection in children who are unable to communicate adequately or in those whose signs have been modified by previous inadequate antibacterial therapy.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1973