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Biomedical subjects

J B Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to J B Schmidt.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[13-cis-retinoic acid--an effective therapy for acne conglobata].

46 patients suffering from severe forms of acne conglobata were treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid. The initial dosages of 40, 60 or 80 mg of 13-cis-retinoic acid per day were adapted according to the success of therapy or to severe side effects. Pustules and papules responded promptly followed by the reduction of nodes and cysts. The lesions of the face responded quicker than those of chest and back. After 6 months of therapy, the overall reduction of all acne lesions was 94.4% for the face and 85.8% for chest and back. Thus, the out-standing efficacy of 13-cis-retinoic acid in severe forms of acne conglobata has been documented once more.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

13-cis-Retinoic acid in rosacea. Clinical and laboratory findings.

The paper presents clinical and laboratory data on 13-CIS-retinoic acid treatment in rosacea. Good-to-excellent results are reported for severe forms of rosacea. Side effects were tolerable and could easily be controlled. The role of sebaceous gland function was documented by both histological and skin sebum parameters. Diminution of sebaceous gland size and the decrease of skin sebum with alteration of single sebum fractions correspond with findings in acne. According to the findings the alteration of sebaceous gland function is one model of drug action in rosacea. Thus sebaceous gland dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of rosacea.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Skin lipids in 13-cis-retinoic acid therapy of acne].

The study presents clinical data and results of skin sebum (SER) determinations during 13-cis-retinoic acid treatment in 15 patients suffering from severe conglobate and cystic acne. The striking clinical improvement was mostly accompanied by decreased SER as well as changes in the composition of the skin surface lipids. While the sebaceous gland lipids were generally reduced, the epidermal lipids showed irregular tendencies. Despite of good therapy effects, 3 patients showed increased SER. This indicates that other mechanisms than those of sebum suppression may be responsible for the treatment success. Sebum suppression and modulation are important and valuable aspects for documentation as well as for elucidation of the working mechanism of 13-cis-retinoic acid.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[External erythromycin therapy of acne].

24 patients suffering from papulo-pustular acne were treated with mono-therapy with 2% erythromycin-containing alcoholic solution for eight weeks. Pustular lesions responded promptly, followed by inflammatory papules. Microbiological investigations revealed a lack of propionibacteria as well as reduction of pathogenic staphylococci. Patients after extended local erythromycin treatment did not show any erythromycin serum levels.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[Hormonal interaction of androgen and estrogen receptors in normal skin and in acne].

Hormone metabolism in skin affected with acne has been investigated by determination of androgen and estrogen receptors with the help of saturation analysis. The results have been compared with data of an age-corresponding control group. The investigation has been performed on 55 male and 11 female volunteers with acne in their lesions as well as unaffected areas. Androgen and estrogen serum levels have been determined as additional endocrine parameters. Testosterone serum levels were slightly elevated in about 11 percent of the male patients, while the percentage for the female patients might be higher as far as can be judged on account of small number of patients. The lack of correlation between estrogen/androgen receptors and their corresponding serum levels leads to the conclusion that the hormone metabolism is situated in the periphery, being independent of the central endocrine regulation. Similar findings for distribution and receptor levels in both healthy and involved skin of acne patients revealed a significant discrepancy in comparison to corresponding evaluations found in healthy patients. There results point out to an elevated dependency on hormonal influences of the entire integument of acne patients. Estrogen receptors could be found in both acne patients and controls.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[Estriol skin effects--clinical, hormonal and sebum parameters in female acne patients].

The following paper presents the results of treatment of premenstrual acne with an estriol containing ointment. The mode of action of this therapy is discussed. Evaluations of serum-HPRL at regular intervals served as parameter for a possible systemic estrogen effect. A central estrogen stimulation could not be proved. For documentation of possible therapeutic effects, we performed thin-layer chromatographic sebum-determinations from treated as well as untreated areas. The same technique could give us information about the working mechanism of external estrogen treatment in telling us possible parallelisms in the course of the lipid values during therapy. The findings confirm the local efficacy of the estriol-ointment. Clinical results ranged between good and excellent in 8 out of 12 patients. In addition the number of skin lesions decreased, and the skin itself looked "improved". This form of therapy may be a possible alternative to systemic hormone therapy or a good supply in a combination therapy.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[Endocrine regulation mechanisms in the skin with special reference to steroid hormone receptors].

The aetiological factors involved in various dermatological diseases are often endocrine in origin. The interaction of hormones in the skin is multi-layered and the meaning of multiple hormonal activities in the skin itself not fully understood. This paper tries to present factors influencing the action of sexual steroids in the periphery and points to the relevance of hormone receptors. Hormonal interaction in the skin can be measured by hormone receptor determination. Present data seem to point to peripheral hormone metabolism which is independent of central hormone regulation in involved skin areas. Besides, "target-organ" sensitivity for hormonal stimulation seems to be elevated.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

Do sexual steroids contribute to the pathomechanism of rosacea? A study of estrogen and androgen receptors in acne rosacea.

Estrogen- and androgen receptor levels were investigated in the skin of 11 male and 4 female rosacea patients. No significant difference in receptor distribution or in receptor levels could be found between rosacea lesions and normal skin of the same patients. Moreover, hormone serum levels were in the normal range. Data from the present investigation suggest that rosacea formation is not governed by endocrine, although clinical and electron microscopic observations indicate a possible endocrine influence at the vascular level.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hormone receptors in normal skin and acne.

Estrogen and androgen receptors were investigated in 55 male and 11 female volunteer patients with acne, the samples of efflorescence bearing skin and of normal skin being biopsied and kept frozen in liquid nitrogen until assayed. For the determination of androgen and estrogen receptors the saturation analysis was used. The level of testosterone and estradiol in blood was measured in the same patients with the aid of radioimmunoassay. As a control a skin of the same age was used. Of the male acne patients 52% were estrogen-receptor positive in the acne-lesions and 51% positive in their normal skin, while only 18% of the normal male controls were positive. Of the female acne patients 25% and 66% were estrogen receptor positive in their efflorescences and normal skin, respectively. Of the female normal controls 33% were estrogen receptor positive. No correlation could be demonstrated between the steroid receptor concentration and the hormone serum levels. The determination of androgen receptors showed a positive result in 50% of the male patients in the lesions and 60% in the normal skin. Normal male controls were androgen receptor positive in 27%. Of the female acne patients 25% were androgen receptor positive in the lesions and 17% in their normal skin. Of the female controls 23% were androgen receptor positive in the skin. It was concluded that the whole skin of acne patients has a higher target organ sensitivity than the skin of normal controls of same age. The missing correlation between hormone serum levels and receptor levels suggests an independent hormone-metabolism of the skin. The meaning of the occurrence of estrogen receptors in acne lesions and normal skin has to be further investigated.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1982

[13-Cis-retinoic acid: a new form of treatment of rosacea (author's transl)].

13-cis-retinoic acid was given with good results to 7 patients with exceptionally severe rosacea. Side effects were transitory and of minor consequence and subsided quickly on reduction of the dosage and topical application of mild cosmetics. The long-lasting remissions recorded to date indicate that 13-cis-retinoic acid may prove a new and successful approach to the treatment of rosacea.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

[Local acne therapy with erythromycin].

Results of treatment of papulo-pustular acne vulgaris with erythromycin in a topical preparation. Demonstration of changes in the bacterial spectrum in acne lesions during therapy. Erythromycin could not be detected in the serum even after extensive application.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1980

[Estrogen and androgen receptors in patients with acne vulgaris (author's transl)].

Fifteen male and 9 female patients between 14 and 41 years of age who suffered from acne were included in this study. Sixteen endocrine normal males and 27 females were used as controls. Skin and venous blood samples were taken from both normal and acne patients. Specific estrogen and androgen receptor levels were assayed under conditions resulting in the estimation of unoccupied receptor levels, and the charcoal technique was utilized. Testosterone serum levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. No estrogen receptors could be found in the normal skin. Of the male and female acne patients 93 and 78%, respectively, were estrogen receptor-positive, and their levels were between 11 and 275 fmol/mg cytosol protein. On the other hand, 31 and 48%, respectively, of the male and female acne patients were androgen receptor-positive, and their receptor levels were between 35 and 213 fmol/mg cytosol protein. A correlation of r = 0.71 between estrogen and androgen receptor levels was noted in the female subjects, but no correlation was found in the male subjects. A correlation between testosterone serum levels and androgen receptor levels of r = 0.77 and r = 0.66, respectively, was noted in the female and male acne patients. The results of the present investigation suggest that androgen receptor levels play an important role in acne patients with normal testosterone serum levels. In addition, the presence of estrogen receptor levels in acne patients indicates a possible therapy by anti-estrogens or estrogens.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of fragmented heavy-ion beams using a three-stage telescope detector: measurements of 670-MeV/amu 20Ne beams.

Measurements of a 670-MeV/amu 20Ne beam at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Bevalac heavy-ion accelerator with various thicknesses of water absorber were obtained with the BERKLET. The BERKLET, a simple three-stage solid-state telescope detector, has been described previously. This instrument measures the linear energy transfer (LET) and residual energy of particles, allows the identification of the particle's charge, and provides a means of obtaining LET and energy statistics for the beam, separated by particle charge. The track and dose averaged LET dependence on the amount of water absorber was determined for each species of fragment in the beam. Large numbers of low-LET particles in the fragmented beam were detected. The results of the analysis are presented followed by a discussion of the effects of multiple scattering and secondary fragmentation on the measurements. A brief discussion of the implications of the BERKLET measurements for radiobiology is also presented.

Energy Transfer↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of fragmented heavy-ion beams using a three-stage telescope detector: detector configuration and instrumentation.

Accelerated heavy-ion beams used in biological and medical research are often utilized in conjunction with absorbers which lead to the fragmentation of the beam. The BERKLET, initially a two-stage solid-state telescope detector, was designed to make rapid, on-line energy and linear energy transfer (LET) measurements of individual particles in a heavy-ion beam, thus allowing characterization of fragmented beams. From data collected with the BERKLET, one is able to determine a number of important parameters. These include: residual energy and LET histograms for the full beam and for the individual Z components, relative number of particles with a given Z, and dose and track average LET's for the full beam and for the individual Z's. Improvements to the BERKLET design and changes in data analysis are discussed and contrasted with the results of an earlier BERKLET configuration. The most notable improvements are the addition of a thin scintillation detector for improved LET measurement, a tenfold improvement in the dynamic range of the event discriminator, reported here as 1:2000, and dual high-and low-gain amplification of the LET signals, permitting the identification of particles with Z's ranging from 12 down to 1.

Energy Transfer↗