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Biomedical subjects

J B Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to J B Roberts.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Primary malignant melanoma of the penis. Two cases and a review of the literature.

Two cases of primary malignant melanoma of the penis are reported and 35 cases from the world literature are reviewed. The tumour most commonly started in the glans penis and less frequently from the prepuce. The microscopic appearances were identical with those of tumours arising elsewhere in the skin. A comparison is made between the incidence of melanoma of the penis and melanoma occurring elsewhere on the body surface. Evaluation of the best treatment was difficult because the total number of cases was small and the methods of treatment and results so variable. It would seem that the prognosis of malignant melanoma of the penis is generally poor, although there are sufficient examples of long-term survival after total amputation in Stage I disease to suggest that this radical treatment is justified.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The long-term results of ileal conduit urinary diversion in children.

Sixty-seven children undergoing urinary diversion by ileal conduit tolerated this procedure well. The initial results were most satisfying, but late complications occurred in 55 children (82%), and this is a cause for concern. Even when the surgical complications were avoided, it seemed important to consider carefully the psychological problems that these children with ileal loop diversion could develop as they advanced into adult life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Vesicoplication in the management of chronic urinary retention.

Eighteen patients have been treated by vesicoplication for low tension chronic urinary retention. The clinical presentation, operative technique and results in these 18 patients are discussed. Vesicoplication is shown to be a simple, safe and effective method of relieving symptoms in this group of patients.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

Nephroplasty in the management of hydronephrosis.

Seventeen patients with hydronephrosis were treated by nephroplasty and pyeloplasty. This combination proved to be a simple and effective way of reducing intrarenal dilatation and encouraging dependent drainage from the lower pole calices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Benign tumours developing at the site of ureterosigmoidostomy.

Two cases of benign tumours complicating ureterosigmoidostomy are described. The latent period between diversion and the development of tumour is long and careful follow-up of patients with ureterosigmoidostomy is recommended. It would seem highly probable that adenomatous polyps developing at the site of anastomosis may, if undetected, undergo malignant change to adenocarcinoma. All of the tumours recorded following ureterosigmoid diversion have been associated with a nipple type ureterocolic anastomosis and mucosa-to-mucosa anastomosis may possibly prevent this complication.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

The surgical treatment of heterotopic ossification at the elbow following long-term coma.

Nine cases of heterotopic ossification at the elbow in seven patients who had a cerebral injury and prolonged coma were treated by excision of the extra-articular bone bridge from the humerus to the ulna. The bridge was either anterior or posterior, and did not involve the radius. The articular cartilage in all elbows showed no significant evidence of degeneration in spite of the prolonged immobility of the joints during the period of coma. Two of the patients also had resection of heterotopic bone about the hip joint which resulted in rapid reformation of bone. In all patients there was restoration of satisfactory function in the elbow operated on without reformation of bone. Follow-up was from ten months to 8.7 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Transfer of adoptive immunity by intra-arterial injection of tumor-immune pig lymph node cells: treatment of recurrent urinary bladder carcinoma after radical radiotherapy.

Twenty-four patients with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, recurrent after radiotherapy, were treated by intra-arterial infusion of tumor-immune pig lymph node cells. In 11 patients there was a remission of the disease process, and 3 patients remain alive and free of disease in excess of one year after treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Coagulum pyelolithotomy.

In 25 patients undergoing pyelolithotomy a supplementary coagulum technique has been used. Initial difficulties were found in the preparation, instillation and extraction of the coagulum, but with experience a satisfactory technique has been developed. The type of stone situation most likely to benefit from coagulum pyelolithotomy would seem to be where there is a small, mobile stone or stone fragment lying in a calix or in a wide renal pelvis.

Fibrinogen↗
PubMed1978

Adoptive immunotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of urinary bladder cancer.

Thirty-one patients with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were treated either by infusion of tumour immune pig mesenteric lymph node cells into the tumour blood supply, followed 6 weeks later by 5500 rad, or by radiotherapy alone. The patients were paired prior to treatment, using 4 criteria: age (nearest decade), sex, clinical stage (T3 or T4) and histological grade (average or high). The first patient in each pair then received combined treatment and the second radiotherapy alone. Administration of pig cells before radiotherapy offered no advantage to the patient in terms of the incidence of remission or the length of survival after treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Late results of skin inlay urethroplasty.

Sixty-two patients undergoing either one-stage or two-stage skin inlay urethroplasty for stricture of the urethra have been reviewed. The success rate and incidence of complications are discussed. The technique of skin inlay urethroplasty requires a considerable degree of surgical expertise and a similar skill in clinical evaluation is required in the selection of patients for this procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Interstitial cystitis, treated by prolonged bladder distension.

25 patients with interstitial cystitis were treated by prolonged bladder distension. 16 patients are symptom-free, but 5 of these have had 1 or more previous prolonged bladder distensions. 6 patients are improved, whilst 3 remain symptomatically unchanged. Prolonged bladder distension can be repeated successfully when symptoms return. These results suggest that prolonged bladder distension has a place in the treatment of interstitial cystitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Management of fractures and fracture complications of femoral shaft using the ASIF compression plate.

Nnieteen acute fractures and fourteen fracture complications of the femoral shaft were managed with ASIF plate fixation. Two patients having femoral shortening procedures were similarly managed. Most injuries involved the distal femoral shaft, and were judged unacceptable for intramedullary nailing. Single plate fixation and immediate mobilization of the knee joint were possible in most patients. Technical failure, refracture through an end-screw hole, or nonunion occurred in 20% of the injuries. Plate fixation of the femoral shaft is not the surgical procedure of choice for management of femoral shaft injuries. It is an acceptable alternative to intramedullary nailing but carries a higher risk of complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Salvage of complicated open fractures by transfixation.

The use of a commercially available Reduction-Retention apparatus for transfixation of nine cases of open fractures with severe soft-tissue damage is reported. Seven patients are walking, two with drop foot braces. Two required amputations, one because of infection and the other because he had suffered severe vascular injury. These two are walking on protheses and are able to work. Of the other seven, five have returned to their previous occupations; one is receiving a disability pension and the other is awaiting further surgery. The problems and advantages of this method of treatment are discussed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1975

Urinary lithiasis in childhood in the Bristol clinical area.

A series of 59 consecutive cases of urinary calculi in childhood is presented, being acquired from one local area (Bristol). These children were treated from 1950 to 1973. The peak presentation was in the 2nd and 3rd year of life, with a secondary peak in the 10th year. Anatomical (39%), metabolic (8.5%) or primary infective abnormalities (29%) were demonstrable, but 22% had to be left in an unsatisfactory "idiopathic classification''. The overall recurrence rate of 7% was reduced to 3.5% when those patients with cystinuria were excluded. The local water supply areas have been studied and a tentative association is suggested between patients and their environment when they live in an area where the water is not only hard but also alkaline (pHgreater than 8).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Urinary lithiasis in childhood in the Bristol clinical area.

A series of 59 consecutive cases of urinary calculi in childhood is presented, being acquired from one local area (Bristol). These children were treated from 1950 to 1973. The peak presentation was in the 2nd and 3rd year of life, with a secondary peak in the 10th year. Anatomical (39%), metabolic (8.5%) or primary infective abnormalities (29%) were demonstrable, but 22% had to be left in an unsatisfactory "idiopathic classification". The overall recurrence rate of 7% was reduced to 3.5% when those patients with cystinuria were excluded. The local water supply areas have been studied and a tentative association is suggested between patients and their environment when they live in an area where the water is not only hard but also alkaline (pH greater than 8).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The Bristol Pyelonephritis Registry: 10 years on.

The reasons for the initiation and the basic structure of the Bristol Pyelonephritis Registry have been discussed. The detailed follow-up data on those patients clinically at "renal risk" has been noted, with a demonstrably low incidence of proven bacterial infection, no radiological progression and minimal interference with pregnancy. Satisfactory and reassuring information has thus accrued for the first time in a particular group of patients with often severe recurrent symptoms.

Adolescent↗