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Biomedical subjects

J B Porter

Publications and source records attributed to J B Porter.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Drug toxicity and hospitalization among lithium users.

Among a cohort of 921 outpatients less than 65 years of age at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound who took lithium during a 5-year period, lithium-associated toxicity leading to hospitalization was rare. In only one case (muscle fasciculation) was lithium directly implicated as the cause of hospital admission. In five cases described in detail (one case each of hyperparathyroidism, vasculitis, edema, brain stem infarction, and subarachnoid hemorrhage), an etiologic connection with lithium exposure was considered unlikely but could not be ruled out.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cancer of the breast, colon, ovary, and testis in the United States: rates 1970-78 from a hospital reporting system.

We have explored the use of data from the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities-Professional Activity Study ( CPHA -PAS) for ascertaining information on cancer incidence, with regional breakdowns. Extirpative surgical procedures were linked with discharge diagnoses to provide estimates of numbers of incident cases. We calculated incidence rates for four cancers: breast, colon, ovary, and testis. CPHA -PAS inferred rates corresponded closely to those of other reporting systems for breast cancer in most age groups, and for colonic and testicular cancer in some age groups. Ovarian cancer rates were consistently underestimated. We conclude that a cancer incidence reporting scheme based on hospital discharge data can work for certain cancers, and be very inexpensive and efficient. It must, however, be used with care.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Drug monitoring of surgical patients.

Intensive drug monitoring of surgical patients was carried out on selected wards in five hospitals in the United States, Scotland, and New Zealand from 1977 through 1981. This report describes the methods and some findings from the monitoring of 5,232 such patients. Patients received, on the average, nine drugs on the ward, and adverse reactions were associated with 2.2% of these drug orders. Of the 1,150 drug-attributed adverse reactions, only 62 were considered "major" by the attending physician, and 35 (affecting 20 patients) were termed "life threatening." There were no drug-attributed deaths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Vaginal spermicides and miscarriage seen primarily in the emergency room.

Among 813 women who had obtained a vaginal spermicide within 48 weeks of the estimated date of fertilization (EDF), 47 (5.8%) had an early miscarriage. Among women who had obtained oral contraceptives, 35/1,127 (3.1%) miscarried, and among women who obtained neither, 140/4,231 (3.3%) miscarried. The risk ratio estimate comparing spermicide users with nonusers was 1.8 (90% confidence interval 1.4, 2.3). The association was strongest among women who had obtained a spermicide within 12 weeks of the EDF. Examination of abortus material revealed that the association with spermicides was strongest among those where an abnormal fetus was present.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1982

Acute i.v. Methadone Kinetics in Man: relationship to chronic studies.

Twenty-six patients were given methadone 10 mg i.v. to obtain acute human kinetics. Plasma methadone concentrations from separate 3- and 6-h studies were measured by radioimmunoassay. Kinetic parameters derived from triexponential NONLIN analysis showed that T1/2 alpha and T1/2 beta were 2 and 30 min respectively; no reliable estimate for T1/2 gamma could be obtained. The clearance was estimated as 149 /+- 62 and 163 /+- 49 ml min-1 in the 3- and 6-h studies respectively. These values are compared with those published for chronic administration. The difficulties in determining accurate terminal half-life and clearance values from short duration studies are discussed; these difficulties are accentuated by the long terminal half-life of methadone. Appropriate estimates of clearance may be derived from an acute short duration study provided that the average of triexponential fits to individual patients data is used, even when data extend from only 3h. As might be anticipated, no analysis produced appropriate terminal half-life values for this drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Potentiation of ampicillin skin reactions by allopurinol or hyperuricemia.

Of 4434 hospitalized medical patients who received ampicillin in the absence of allopurinol, 251 (5.9 per cent) developed a rash within 21 days of exposure. Of 252 patients who received ampicillin and allopurinol together, 35 (13.9 percent) developed a rash. The present data confirm the previously reported increase in rash frequency in patients who receive both ampicillin and allopurinol.

Allopurinol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term follow-up study of cimetidine.

In a 5-year follow-up study of 8553 recipients of cimetidine at Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, we examined the frequency of uncommon serious illness requiring hospitalization that may have been drug induced. With the possible exception of one patient with probable drug-induced liver disease, we did not find any instances of serious illness requiring hospitalization that could be attributed with reasonable certainty to cimetidine. This large study provides reassurance that cimetidine is a relatively safe medication.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intravenous infusion pharmacokinetics of desferrioxamine in thalassaemic patients.

Pharmacokinetic investigation of desferrioxamine (DFO) was conducted in 11 thalassaemic patients following continuous intravenous infusion of 50 mg/kg/24 hr over 48 hr. Serial venous blood samples were obtained at regular time intervals during and on stopping DFO infusion. Plasma samples were processed with the addition of radioactive iron (59Fe) to stabilize free ligand forms of DFO and its metabolites. This resulted in the formation of both radioactive and nonradioactive forms of ferrioxamine and its metabolites. Following solid-phase extraction, plasma samples were analyzed by a reversed-phase HPLC and monitored by simultaneous UV-visible radioactive detection. DFO was found to be eliminated from the blood in a biexponential manner with a systemic clearance of 0.50 +/- 0.24 liters/hr/kg. The terminal half-life was 3.05 +/- 1.30 hr, and the volume of distribution was 1.88 +/- 1.0 liters/kg at the terminal phase and 1.35 +/- 0.65 liters/kg at steady state. The AUC of DFO was 354 +/- 131 mumol/liter.hr. The major metabolite of DFO, DFO-metabolite B, has an initial half-life of 1.33 +/- 0.61 hr and is usually present at lower concentrations relative to the parent compound with an AUC of 191 +/- 106 mumol/liter.hr.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗