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Biomedical subjects

J B Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to J B Murphy.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Correction of maxillofacial deformities in a patient with partial lipodystrophy syndrome.

A case of partial lipodystrophy syndrome has been presented. The problems peculiar to this patient have been discussed, and the literature pertinent to the syndrome has been reviewed. The procedures required for the correction of the patient's facial disharmonies are described, as well as the postoperative airway problems which developed. Staging of the procedures was thought to be necessary in view of the extensiveness of the planned surgery and the patient's complex metabolic derangements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A comparison of ultrasonography and radiography in the localization of renal calculi: experimental and operative experience.

The capabilities of radiography (mammography film) and ultrasonography (7 MHz. probe) were investigated in cadaver kidneys. Stones of varying size and composition were studied. Clinically, 11 patients then were studied with intraoperative radiography and ultrasonography. Both techniques appeared to localize calculi more than 3 mm. with high consistency in cadaver kidneys and in patients. Real-time B scan ultrasonography is a rapid and accurate technique that has the ability to identify lucent calculi. When used in association with intraoperative radiography, intraoperative ultrasonography can be a great aid in the surgical removal of renal calculi.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Unsuspected intraperitoneal perforation of the urinary bladder as an iatrogenic disorder.

Perforation of the urinary bladder associated with long-term indwelling catheter drainage is a rare and lethal iatrogenic disorder. Moreover, bladder perforation can occur in a variety of surgical settings. We report here several unusual situations: one in which a fibroid uterus probably played a role in pressure necrosis of a bladder with an indwelling catheter, one in which carcinoma of the prostate and faulty catheter drainage was present, and one in which pelvic radiation therapy was followed by bladder perforation. These three cases illustrate the clinical acumen required to recognize intraperitoneal perforation. The variety of presentations is suggested by the fact that one case was diagnosed preoperatively by cystogram, one was unexpectedly found at laparotomy for acute peritonitis, and one was discovered only at autopsy. One of the patients was diabetic, two had been treated for miliary tuberculosis, and all had a history of long-term urinary bladder catheterization. Bladder perforation can be prevented by several alternative methods of chronic bladder drainage. The diagnosis of the problem requires a high degree of clinical suspicion, aided by definitive cystograms. The treatment is surgical, including prompt repair of the perforation and drainage of the bladder.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Renal cyst versus tumor: a continuing dilemma.

We report on 13 patients with renal cystic lesions who underwent full radiological investigation and remained undiagnosed preoperatively. Of 13 cysts 3 ultimately proved to be malignant at surgical exploration. A retrospective review of these cases failed to reveal any additional features that would have aided in preoperative diagnosis. Despite the high accuracyobtainable by radiological investigation, diagnostic surgical exploration is warranted in a small proportion of patients with renal cystic lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Effect of ssbA1 and lexC113 mutations on lambda prophage induction, bacteriophage growth, and cell survival.

Escherichia coli strains containing mutations (ssbA1 and lexC113) which affect single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid binding protein have been examined. Among the properties studied were: sensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation and methyl methane sulfonate, temperature sensitivity, induction of prophage lambda by ultraviolet light, temperature, and mitomycin C, and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. Strains containing the ssbA1 and lexC113 mutations differ significantly in several of these properties.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1980

Estrogen receptors in the human prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis, testis, and genital skin: a marker for estrogen-responsive tissues?

In an effort to identify those human male sex accessory tissues that may be under the physiological influence of estrogen, cytosolic and nuclear estrogen receptors were measured with two ligand systems that used either [3H]R2858 [moxesterol(11 beta-methoxy-17-ethynyl-1,3,5,(10)-estratriene-3,17 beta-diol)] or [3H]estradiol plus 1 microM dihydrotestosterone with diethylstilbestrol to correct for nonspecific binding. In seminal vesicles, high affinity binding was identified in cytosol (6 of 7 determinations) and nuclear extract (4 of 7 determinations); in the epididymis, high affinity binding was also present in the cytosol (10 of 12 determinations) and nuclear extract (10 of 11 determinations). In contrast, no high affinity binding was demonstrated in cytosol from the testis (0 of 5 determinations) or genital skin (0 of 7 determinations), and only low levels of nuclear receptor (80 fmol/g tissue) were present in the testis (3 of 5 determinations) and genital skin (1 of 7 determinations). In nonhyperplastic prostatic tissue, high affinity binding was present [in the cytosol of periurethral zone tissue (3 of 7 determinations) and nuclear extract (1 of 7 determinations), in cytosol of peripheral zone tissue (7 of 8 determinations) and nuclear extract (4 of 7 determinations), and in prostatic carcinoma cytosol (5 of 12 determinations) and nuclear extract (10 of 13 determinations)]. In contrast, no high affinity binding was present in either cytosol or nuclear extract from benign hyperplastic prostatic tissue. The finding of estrogen receptors in the human epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostatic carcinoma suggests that estrogen, in addition to androgen, may act in the physiological regulation of these organs. However, the direct role of estrogen in the induction and maintenance of benign prostatic hyperplasia remains to be defined.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1979

Fetal alcohol syndrome.

A case of fetal alcohol syndrome in an 8-month-old infant is presented. Several of the maxillofacial anomalies associated with this syndrome were present. In addition, a large dentigerous cyst was found, a rare lesion occurring with a deciduous tooth and never before reported in association with fetal alcohol syndrome.

Dentigerous Cyst↗
PubMed1979

Pyrimidine dimer excision in Escherichia coli strains deficient in exonucleases V and VII and in the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease of DNA polymerase I.

An isogenic series of Escherichia coli strains deficient in various combinations of three 5' leads to 3' exonucleases (exonuclease V, exonuclease VII, and the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease of DNA polymerase I) was constructed and examined for the ability to excise pyrimidine dimers after UV irradiation. Although the recB and recC mutations (deficient in exonuclease V) proved to be incompatible with the polA(Ex) mutation (deficient in the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease of DNA polymerase I), it was possible to reduce the level of the recB,C exonuclease by the use of temperature-sensitive recB270 recC271 mutants. It was found that, by employing strains deficient in exonuclease V, postirradiation DNA degradation could be reduced and dimer excision measurements could be facilitated. Mutants deficient in exonuclease V were found to excise dimers at a rate comparable to that of the wild type. Mutants deficient in exonuclease V and the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease of DNA polymerase I are slightly slower than the wild type at removing dimers accumulated after doses in excess of 40 J/m2. However, although strains with reduced levels of exonuclease VII excised dimers at the same rate as the wild type, the addition of an exonuclease VII deficiency to a strain with reduced levels of exonuclease V and the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease of DNA polymerase I caused a marked decrease in the rate and extent of dimer excision. These observations support previous indications that the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease of DNA polymerase I is important in dimer removal and also suggest a role for exonuclease VII in the excision repair process.

DNA Polymerase I↗
PubMed1979

Orientation of the guanine operon of Escherichia coli K-12 by utilizing strains containing guaB-xse and guaB-upp deletions.

Temperature induction of an Escherichia coli strains with lambda cI1857 integrated in the guaB gene has been used to produce strains containing chromosomal deletions extending into the xse and upp genes. By utilizing strains containing these deletions, it has been possible to order the genes in the guanine operon with respect to the xseA and upp genes. The order of the genes in this region is glyA-hisS-xseA-guaO-guaB-guaA-purG-upp-purC.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1978

Osteitis deformans. Report of a long-standing case with extensive oral involvement.

Presented is a case of osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of bone) with a 38-year history after diagnosis. The patient had nearly the entire spectrum of symptoms that can result from widespread involvement of the skeletal system with this disease. Diffuse involvement of the maxilla and mandible resulted in postextraction complications which are common in Paget's disease of the bone.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The effect of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) on dimethylbenzathracene (DMBA) carcinogenesis on hamster buccal pouch.

DNCB is an antigen that stimulates the cell-mediated response in a sensitized host. The purpose of this study was to define the effect DNCB would have on a standard model system for oral carcinogenesis, theorizing that tumorgenesis would be delayed or inhibited. Fifty-six Syrian hamsters were divided into four groups. In group A (DNCB/DMBA), the right buccal pouch of twenty animals was treated with 2% DNCB in orabase, twice a week, and 0.5% DMBA, three times a week, for 10 weeks. In group B, twenty animals received DMBA only. In group C, six animals received DMBA in Orabase. In group D, ten animals received DNCB in Orabase only. The animals were killed at 6, 12, 16, and 20 weeks. The results indicate that there were no differences in the latent period or in the histologic characteristics of the epidermoid carcinomas that developed. However, there was sensitization of the buccal pouch in pouches painted with DNCB, in that gross and histologic evidence of a delayed sensitivity reaction was demonstrated.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1978

The influence of retrograde contrast medium on urinary cytodiagnosis: a preliminary report.

It has been recommended that before retrograde brushing of upper urinary tract lesions to diagnose malignancy the contrast medium should be washed away with saline because of possible cellular distortion. There were 21 paired specimens from 19 patients submitted for urinary cytodiagnosis. One specimen was a contrast medium wash, similar in pH and osmolality to urine, and the other a saline wash. Cellular detail was adequate for cytodiagnosis in 20 of the 21 contrast medium specimens. Of 7 specimens from patients with malignancy 3 were diagnosed correctly as malignant, 1 was classified as suspicious and 3 were falsely negative in the contrast wash group. Of the 3 falsely negative diagnoses 2 were changed to malignant when the paired saline wash specimens were examined. Urologists should not discard the contrast medium specimen prior to retrograde brushing but should send it along with a saline wash specimen for cytodiagnosis because the discarded contrast material and irrigant may have diagnostic cells.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1978

The management of drug induced gingival hyperplasia in mentally retarded patients with hemophilia: a report of two cases.

Two cases of hemophilia in severely mentally retarded patients with drug-induced gingival hyperplasia are presented. The method of management in each case is described. A conservative approach is recommended in which tissue removals and only selected extractions are performed. It is also suggested that the sequela of dilantin hyperplasia be considered when dilantin is used in patients with hemophilia or severely mentally retarded patients whose oral hygiene may be difficult to maintain. If feasible, as in the first case reported, discontinuance of the drug should be considered. In case 2 the patient is presently being weaned from dilantin therapy. It should be understood that the authors are concerned with the immediate clinical management of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia in mentally-retarded patients with hemophilia. Although this method of management has proved successful in the hands of the authors, we do not have data to show that it is the best form of treatment for these patients.

Adult↗