Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J B McCabe

Publications and source records attributed to J B McCabe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Functional roles for fatty acylated amino-terminal domains in subcellular localization.

Several membrane-associating signals, including covalently linked fatty acids, are found in various combinations at the N termini of signaling proteins. The function of these combinations was investigated by appending fatty acylated N-terminal sequences to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Myristoylated plus mono/dipalmitoylated GFP chimeras and a GFP chimera containing a myristoylated plus a polybasic domain were localized similarly to the plasma membrane and endosomal vesicles, but not to the nucleus. Myristoylated, nonpalmitoylated mutant chimeric GFPs were localized to intracellular membranes, including endosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum, and were absent from the plasma membrane, the Golgi, and the nucleus. Dually palmitoylated GFP was localized to the plasma membrane and the Golgi region, but it was not detected in endosomes. Nonacylated GFP chimeras, as well as GFP, showed cytosolic and nuclear distribution. Our results demonstrate that myristoylation is sufficient to exclude GFP from the nucleus and associate with intracellular membranes, but plasma membrane localization requires a second signal, namely palmitoylation or a polybasic domain. The similarity in localization conferred by the various myristoylated and palmitoylated/polybasic sequences suggests that biophysical properties of acylated sequences and biological membranes are key determinants in proper membrane selection. However, dual palmitoylation in the absence of myristoylation conferred significant differences in localization, suggesting that multiple palmitoylation sites and/or enzymes may exist.

Acylation↗
PubMed1997

Emergency medicine and the academic health center.

The last 3 to 5 years have witnessed a tremendous change in direction for the academic health center. The major trends in this regard are increased importance of managed care, cost consciousness, development of a clinical system, pressure to downsize graduate medical education, and increased competition.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1997

Photograph documentation of motor vehicle damage by EMTs at the scene: a prospective multicenter study in the United States.

The purpose of this study was to determine if emergency medical service (EMS) personnel could take instant photographs of motor vehicle damage at crash scenes depicting the area and severity of damage of the crash under adverse weather conditions, in different lighting, and quickly enough so as not to interfere with patient care. This prospective multicenter trial involved 35 ambulances responding to motor vehicle crash scenes in rural, suburban, and urban areas in five centers in four states. Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) reported their experience implementing a protocol for use of an instant camera to photograph vehicle damage at crash scenes. Time reported by EMTs to take the photographs was 1 minute or less in 204 of 288 (70.9%) of motor vehicle crashes and 2 minutes or longer in 12 of 288 (4.2%) of motor vehicle crashes. From one EMS agency in the study, 48 scene times during which photographs were taken were, on average, 1.5 minutes shorter than 48 scene times immediately before implementation of on-scene crash photography. Photographs were taken in different weather and lighting conditions. EMTs reported they were able to determine both area and severity of damage in 260 of 290 (92.5%) crash photographs, but they were unable to determine area and severity of damage in only 2 of 290 (0.7%) crash photographs.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1996

Research directions in emergency medicine.

The goal of emergency medicine is to improve health while preventing and treating disease and illness in patients seeking emergency medical care. Improvements in emergency medical care and the delivery of this care can be achieved through credible and meaningful research efforts. Improved delivery of emergency medical care through research requires careful planning and the wise use of limited resources. To achieve this goal, emergency medicine must provide appropriate training of young investigators and attract support for their work. Promotion of multidisciplinary research teams will help the specialty fulfill its goals. The result will be the improvement of emergency medical care which will benefit not only the patients emergency physicians serve but also, ultimately, the nation's health.

Emergency Medicine↗
PubMed1995

Is myoglobin useful in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department setting?

The authors evaluated the usefulness of a rapid fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for myoglobin (Myo) for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients in the emergency department. The rapid fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for myoglobin was performed on timed blood samples collected previously for serial CK and CKMB determinations from 41 patients who initially presented to the ED with chest pain and were subsequently admitted to patient care units. Twenty-two patients were AMI positive and 19 were AMI negative. In 12 patients who were AMI positive, Myo increased rapidly and significantly peaking at 6.53 +/- 5.45 hours, whereas in the other 10 patients who were AMI positive, only the declining slopes of Myo were observed due to late AMI presentation. In the AMI negative group, Myo values were within reference range in 8 and persistently elevated in 11. Using the initial rate of Myo release of 20 ng/mL per hour as criteria of discrimination, this assay has a sensitivity of 90.1% and a specificity of 74%. Available samples for the two patients who were false negative were past the window of Myo release for AMI detection. All five patients who were false positive were associated with various degrees of muscular trauma or renal disorder. The authors conclude that the initial rate of Myo release demonstrates good utility both at early detection and early exclusion of AMI. However, its tissue nonspecificity may not permit AMI recognition in the presence of muscular injury.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1994

High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the separation of chlorambucil and its N-oxide prodrug.

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described to distinguish chlorambucil N-oxide from the parent chlorambucil and quantitate both after separation from biological samples. The influence of solvent pH, alcohol, acid and ion-pairing agent on the separation is described. The stability of chlorambucil and its N-oxide in buffers and alcohols, as well as stability during filtration is discussed with potential application for metabolic studies.

Acetonitriles↗