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Biomedical subjects

J B Levine

Publications and source records attributed to J B Levine.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Pancreatic ascites: management by caudal pancreatectomy and side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy.

A patient with pancreatic ascites is presented who had neither a pseudocyst nor demonstrable pancreatic duct disruption, despite the presence of both calculi and strictures in a dilated duct of Wirsung. Concurrently, the patient exhibited intractable abdominal pain characteristic of end-stage chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. The pancreatic ascites responded only briefly to nonoperative management with hyperalimentation. Side-to-side pancreticojejunostomy with caudal pancreatectomy relieved the patient of both pain and ascites, suggesting that this more direct approach may be worthy of consideration in patients with similar findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Herpesvirus hominis (type 1) proctitis.

Herpes proctitis from Herpesvirus hominis type 1 is probably an underrecognized cause of rectal pain and inflammation. Extreme anal pain and a purulent rectal discharge in a heterosexual man led to the appropriate diagnosis. Clinicians should be more aware of herpes as a cause of proctitis.

Herpes Simplex↗
PubMed1977

The value of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography in the management of pancreatic ascites.

A case of pancreatic ascites is presented in which the preoperative use of endoscopic retrograde cannulation of ampulla of Vater (ERCP) precisely located the site of pancreatic duct disruption and thus directed the choice of operation best suited to this patients. We suggest that in this form of ascites preoperative ERCP may aid in the selection of those patients whose lesions are surgically correctable.

Ascites↗
PubMed1976

Social aspects of venereal disease aboard a U.S. navy destroyer.

This paper describes the social characteristics of venereal disease patients aboard a US Navy destroyer. The research team administered questionnaires to 247 crew members at the outset of the ship's 7 month-overseas deployment. When the ship returned to home port, the research staff gathered demographic and occupational information plus disciplinary records, job performance ratings, and complete dispensary visit information for the deployment period. The morbidity data indicated that 48% of the entire crew experienced at least one case of VD, and of these VD patients, 38% had multiple infections. A set of variables that best predicted VD incidence was determined by means of multiple regression analysis. These variables included disciplinary record, pay grade, division or type of job ("blue-collar" versus "white-collar"), and education. Other variables that correlated with VD incidence were age, length of service, marital status, performance ratings, and verbal aptitude scores.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Attitudes and accidents aboard an aircraft carrier.

A 22-item questionnaire, developed to measure various behavioral attitudes reportedly associated with accidents, was given to 879 enlisted air wing support personnel and 156 aviators on an aircraft carrier at the start of deployment. A factor analysis of these 22 items indicated six underlying concepts for which scales were created. Personnel injuries for the air wing and aircraft accidents for the aviators were recorded for the duration of the cruise, and correlations of these criteria with the 22 items and six scales were computed. Three items significantly predicted accidents in both populations and all three appeared in the same factor. The Adventurous scale developed from this factor was significantly (p less than or equal to 0.01) correlated with accidents in both groups. This scale appears to measure attitudes toward risk taking, which was the only concept found useful for the prediction of future accidents in this study.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Obsessive-compulsive disorder among schizophrenic patients: an exploratory study using functional magnetic resonance imaging data.

Despite the growing research on the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia, the clinical distinction between the two disorders is not clearly understood. In the present investigation, we sought to better understand the relationship between OCD and psychotic disorders by examining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from a group of schizophrenic patients with varying degrees of OCD symptomatology, based on results of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) rating scales of OCD. While subjects performed a cognitive challenge paradigm that included a verbal fluency task, activation data from the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were collected and analyzed. We hypothesized that the fMRI signal patterns in schizophrenic patients with high levels of OCD symptomatology would differ from that of schizophrenic patients with a low level of OCD. For the group as a whole, no significant relationship was found for scores of either rating scale and fMRI signal change; however, a significant association was found for a subgroup of patients. For these schizophrenics, there was a negative relationship between OCD symptomatology and activation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These results support the suggestion of several researchers that a relationship between OCD severity and neurophysiological activity exists in schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological predictors of subsequent medical care among patients hospitalized with cardiac disease.

BACKGROUND: There have been numerous reports indicating a relation between psychological distress and coronary artery disease. The authors tried to determine whether psychological distress in patients hospitalized for coronary artery disease is associated with the amount of medical care required after discharge. METHODS: Using a prospective clinical cohort, 210 patients who had been admitted for myocardial infarction (n = 67), percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (n = 75), or coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 68) were followed for 6 months. Index psychological status was determined from questionnaires measuring depression and anxiety. Disease severity was assessed by the index hospitalization medical record of left ventricular ejection fraction, number of stenotic vessels, and number of noncardiac comorbidities. The amount of subsequent medical care delivered was based on the number of days of rehospitalization for cardiac-related illness and for any reason within 6 months after discharge. This was determined from a combination of computer medical record and patient self-report. RESULTS: The authors first determined that both psychological depression and disease severity each predicted days of rehospitalization. (Anxiety was not predictive of rehospitalization.) Next, disease severity was controlled for using partial correlation, and depression was still predictive of rehospitalization. Finally, the authors combined the predictor variables using a regression model to predict rehospitalization. Depression was a significant main effect in all models predicting rehospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological depression appears to be an important predictor of rehospitalization among persons who have been admitted with coronary artery disease.

Aged↗