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J Axelsson

Publications and source records attributed to J Axelsson.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

National registration of accidents in Iceland.

Community based registration of accidents has been employed in Iceland from 1987. A form developed in the emergency ward at the city Hospital of Reykjavik has been used for the registration. The following issues have been registered: the type and the seriousness of the injury, treatment, place of accident and time of accident. Health centres in Iceland have been computerized from 1976. At the time being about half of the health centres participate in the registration with the information included in the form as the source. Every health center has its well defined district. The accidents among the inhabitants in each district is registered, while accidents among other people, e.g. tourists, is registered separately. At this moment 183,000 out of a total number of 259,000 inhabitants are covered by the registration, i.e. 71% of the population. In 1989 the frequency of accidents was 198 per 100,000 inhabitants. 26% of the accidents occurred at home, 11% at work, 9% during physical activity, 6% was traffic accidents, whereas the same proportion occurred at school. This registration system has been created as a result of annual conferences on accidents arranged by the Director General of public health since 1984. Representatives for the following parties have been invited; medical doctors working in hospitals and health centres, clinical nurses, physiotherapists, the National Insurance Service, other insurance companies, rescue and ambulance personal, fire departments, the Automobile Association, the communication Council. Local communities members of the parliament, voluntary organizations, e.g. Red Cross, the Sea Rescue Service and the Aviation Board. This activity has stimulated measures aiming at preventing accidents in several local communities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accidents↗
PubMed1992

Exercise blood pressure and echocardiographic abnormalities in genetically comparable populations.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the systolic blood pressure response to exercise and the echocardiographic dimensions of the left atrium and ventricle in two geographically separate, but genetically comparable, populations. DESIGN AND SETTING: The study was cross-sectional. The settings were two semirural communities, one in Iceland and one in Manitoba. SUBJECTS: Individuals from families where there had been no intermarriage with non-Icelandic individuals were eligible. Of the 200 eligible men in Manitoba and the 150 men in Iceland, 157 and 121 men, respectively, agreed to participate. In the majority of cases, those who chose not to participate stated that work commitments prevented them from taking part. The subjects were aged 25 to 63 years and had blood pressure less than 160/95 mmHg at rest. INTERVENTIONS: Blood pressure was taken at rest and during standardized bicycle ergometry. Left ventricular and atrial echocardiography was performed on a selected number of subjects. MAIN RESULTS: The Canadians of 'pure' Icelandic descent had a higher prevalence of exaggerated exercise systolic blood pressure (ESBP), left atrial enlargement (LAE) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) than native Icelanders. Given their genetic similarity, it is suggested that the difference between the two groups is due to environmental factors. Within each group, subjects with exaggerated ESBP had a significantly greater left atrial dimension index and left ventricular mass index than subjects without an exaggerated ESBP. The relationship of ESBP with left atrial dimension index and left ventricular mass index was independent of age, body mass index and resting blood pressure. LVH was of the eccentric type and was absent in the majority of cases with LAE; however, LAE was present in nearly all LVH cases. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that an exaggerated ESBP in individuals with resting blood pressure less than 160/95 mmHg is not an innocuous finding it is associated with demonstrable cardiac abnormalities (LAE and LVH). Furthermore, it is proposed that the presence of LAE, with or without LVH, may add to the value of an exaggerated ESBP in identifying individuals at increased risk of developing sustained resting essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Echocardiographic indices and their relationship to the blood pressure response to ergometric exercise in apparently healthy men.

The relationship between atrial and ventricular echocardiographic abnormalities and ergometric exercise systolic blood pressure was studied in 77 apparently healthy men, of whom the majority (77%) were normotensive (resting blood pressure less than 140/90 mmHg), and the remainder (23%) borderline hypertensive (resting systolic blood pressure 140 to 159 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure 90 to 95 mmHg). Four categories of exercise systolic blood pressure were defined (less than 190, 190 to 199, 200 to 209 and greater than or equal to 210 mmHg). Left ventricular mass and left atrial dimension were measured by M-mode echocardiography and divided by body surface area to derive the left ventricular mass index and the left atrial dimension index. The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy, defined as a left ventricular mass index greater than or equal to 125 g/m2, was 11%. Two key findings were the much higher prevalence of left atrial enlargement, defined as left atrial dimension index greater than or equal to 2 cm/m2 at 23%, and the fact that left atrial enlargement occurred in the absence of left ventricular hypertrophy in the majority of subjects, whereas occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of left atrial enlargement was rare. This is consistent with the view that left atrial enlargement is a common precursor of left ventricular hypertrophy. Multivariate analysis showed exercise systolic blood pressure and cardiac index to be independent predictors of left atrial dimension index and left ventricular mass index (R2 for statistical models was 0.38 [P less than 0.0001] and 0.47 [P less than 0.0001], respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effects of vitamin B12 deficiency on lipid metabolism of the rat liver and nervous system.

1. Rats bred from vitamin B12-depleted dams were fed on a vitamin B12-deficient diet for 12-15 months and developed a severe vitamin B12 deficiency, as judged from methylmalonic acid excretion and tissue vitamin B12 levels at slaughter. Control rats were supplemented with vitamin B12 in the drinking-water. 2. Neurological signs were recorded after 7 months but the motor nerve conduction velocities remained normal. Neuropathological examination revealed mild changes in the peripheral nerves but no changes in the central nervous system. 3. The amounts of total lipids and phospholipids were normal, but in all examined tissues the proportions of pentadecanoate (C15 fatty acid) and heptadecanoate (C17 fatty acid) were considerably increased in vitamin B12 deficiency. 4. 3H2O was incorporated to the same extent into the fatty acids of nervous tissue from vitamin B12-deficient and control rats after 48 h. Less 3H was found in the liver fatty acids of the vitamin B12-deficient rats. 5. Neurological dysfunction can be demonstrated in the vitamin B12-deficient rat; the relation of the biochemical and neuropathological changes to the neurological signs needs further study.

Animals↗