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Biomedical subjects

J Avni

Publications and source records attributed to J Avni.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Salivary gland function in patients on chronic lithium treatment.

Salivary gland function was studied in 14 manic-depressive patients treated with lithium carbonate (Li) for 4 to 120 months. Function level was evaluated by means of sialometry, dynamic salivary scintigraphy, and sialography. Daily Li dose, serum Li concentration, duration of Li therapy, and caries activity index were correlated with the salivary function parameters studied. Hyposalivation was noted in 71% of the patients, showing good correlation with the scintigraphic (r = 0.94) and sialographic (r = 0.87) results. Duration of Li therapy was poorly correlated with the degree of salivary gland dysfunction and with the caries activity index, whereas the correlation between duration of therapy and each of the three salivary function parameters was erratic. Because four of the patients exhibited normal salivation, we suggest that there are some additional factors (e.g., genetic or thyroid function level) that might be involved in salivary dysfunction connected with Li therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Thyroid hormones in the treatment of affective disorders.

The experience of using thyroid hormones in affective disorders is summarized. This includes: 1) Using thyroid hormones alone in depression; 2) their combined use with tricyclic antidepressants; 3) addition of thyroid hormones to nontricyclic antidepressants; 4) the use of thyroid stimulating hormone; and 5) thyrotropin releasing hormone in depression. Suggested mechanisms of action are discussed. A special attention is paid to the place of thyroid hormones in the treatment of rapid cycling affective disorder.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1980

The effects of tranylcypromine isomers on norepinephrine-H3 metabolism in rat brain.

The effects of d- and l-tranylcypromine on the disposition and metabolism of intracisternally administered l-norepinephrine-H3 were studied in rat brain. Both isomers inhibited the deamination of norepinephrine-H3. However, d-tranylcypromine was considerably more potent than the l-isomer in this respect. In addition, the l-isomer of tranylcypromine was found to enhance the disappearance of endogenous and tritiated norepinephrine from brain. Although this action appeared to result from an increase in catecholamine release, the possibility of uptake inhibition could not be eliminated. The l-isomer of tranylcypromine enhanced the disappearance of norepinephrine-H3 from brain when administered both 20 and 90 min following intracisternal injection of the label. Comparable doses of d-tranylcypromine did not exhibit this effect. Larger increases in brain levels of normetanephrine-H3 were produced by d,l-tranylcypromine than by either the d- or l-isomer alone, indicating that the racemic mixture may produce the greatest increase in the interaction of norepinephrine with its postsynaptic receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The severe burns.

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Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Salivary lithium.

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Drug Interactions↗
PubMed1976

Bad tidings and the hospitalized patient.

The physician in hospital practice may be faced with a situation in which a patient under his care suffers a bereavement or some other unexpected tragedy but is unaware of the fact. Three such cases encountered in the context of our psychiatric sonsultation service are presented. Factors influencing the decision as to whether, when and how the patient should be informed are considered. The complex psychodynamic situation which arises and involves the patient, his family and the medical staff is described. Stress is laid on the role played by archaic fears of being the bearer of evil tidings. The situation is seen as being ideally handled by the direct treating physician in conjunction with the family, the extent of psychiatric intervention being dictated by the needs of each of the parties concerned. Ideally the patient should be told as soon as his physical and mental condition are seen as conducive and preferably before he leave hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Norepinephrine content of various rat organs after chronic administration of desmethylimipramine.

The effect of chronic oral administration of desmethylimipramine (DMI) on the norepinephrine (NE) content of various organs was examined in rats. The present results show that in contrast to its effect on the brain, where it lowered the NE concentration, chronically administered DMI either did not change (vas deferens) or tended to increase (heart and spleen) the NE concentrations in the examined peripheral organs. The effect of chronic DMI administration on the brain seems to be specific since this was the only studied organ in which a decreased NE concentration was observed.

Animals↗