Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Auvert

Publications and source records attributed to J Auvert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Results of treatment of superficial vesical tumors by transurethral resection alone and transurethral resection followed by an intravesical instillation of Calmette-Guerin bacillus].

Superficial bladder tumors treated at the Henri Mondor Hospital from 1984 through 1988 were analyzed for recurrence and progression using the following prognostic parameters: stage (TNM classification, 1978), grade (G1, G2, G3), size, number of tumors, and tumor malignancy index as defined by the Besançon group. Forty-five patients were treated with transurethral resection alone (TUR group) whereas 30 had TUR followed by the prophylactic instillation of fresh Calmette-Guérin bacillus in the bladder (BCG group). In TUR patients, parameters predictive of progression included grade G3, multiple tumors, stage T1, recurrence within 6 months of TUR, and a tumor malignancy index above 455. None of these criteria were predictive of a response to BCG. Results obtained in the BCG group were comparable to those reported in the literature and confirmed the efficacy of BCG instillations to prevent recurrence and progression of superficial carcinomas of the bladder.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1988

Conservative treatment of bladder carcinoma by partial cystectomy and interstitial iridium 192.

From 1971 to 1984, 85 patients with bladder carcinoma were treated conservatively at the Henri Mondor Hospital by a combination of short course of pre-operative external pelvic irradiation, iliac node dissection, partial cystectomy, and iridium 192 implantation. There were 79 transitional cell carcinomas (G1: 12, G2: 25, G3: 36, Gx: 6) and 6 squamous cell carcinomas. By clinical stage, based on endoscopic resection, there were 43 T1, 30 T2, 5 T3, and 7 Tx. After partial cystectomy the pathologic stage distribution was: 41 pT1, 31 pT2, and 13 pT3. Crude disease-free survival at 5 years is 72% for T1 tumors and 55% for T2, but overall only 16% of patients died of bladder carcinoma. Local failures were seen in 11.5% of T1 and 0% of T2 tumors, and second bladder tumors developed at a distance from the treated site in 11.5% of T1 and 7% of T2. There is a non significant trend for intravesical recurrences (both local failures and second tumors) to occur more frequently for G1 tumors (25%) than for G2 (16%) or G3 (7%). At 5 years 95% of disease-free survivors have a functioning bladder. Regional or distant metastases occurred in 54% of patients with pT3 tumors and 10% of those with pT1 or pT2; within each stage there was no apparent influence of grade on metastatic risk. The four patients with histologically positive iliac nodes received additional post-operative external pelvic irradiation; three died of metastases and one is disease free at 10 years. No abdominal scar recurrences were seen. Late complications occurred in 6% of the population. For T1 tumors we suggest modification of the described protocol, eliminating the pre-operative irradiation and the lymph node dissection. If there is no doubt as to the pathologic stage after complete endoscopic resection, iridium 192 implantation delivering a dose of 60 Gy, without partial cystectomy, may be sufficient management. By contrast, for T2 tumors, all elements of the protocol seem important to obtain optimal results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The value of the serum level of the prostate-specific antigen in prostatic pathology].

Development of serum assays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has provided physicians with a new marker for carcinoma of the prostate. PSA was compared to prostate acid phosphatases (PAP), the reference serum marker, in 162 patients including 54 patients with carcinoma of the prostate (CP), 84 patients with benign hypertrophy of the prostate (BHP), and 24 controls free of prostate disorders. PSA appeared more sensitive but less specific than PAP. Results showed that PSA is not suitable for routine screening in the population at large where BHP is common. In BPH, the rise in PSA concentrations parallels the size of the hypertrophy. However, in patients with CP, PSA seems more sensitive than PAP for evaluating tumor spread and response to treatment. The prognostic bearing of increased levels in patients with apparently localized carcinomas remains to be elucidated.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

[Cystoplasty using a resorbable polyglactin prosthesis covered by a free peritoneal flap].

The bowel is not always suitable for cystoplasty. The use of a vicryl mesh lined with a peritoneal flap was investigated as material for partial replacement of the bladder. The procedure was performed on 20 rats divided into two groups. A partial cystectomy was first performed, then a cystoplasty was done using either a free peritoneal flap (group 1) or a vicryl mesh combined with a peritoneal flap (group 2). The results were evaluated using intravenous pyelography, macroscopic examination and histological analysis within one month. In group 1 (7 cases), there was one urinary fistula. In group 2 (13 cases), no fistula was observed but stones occurred in three cases. The histological analysis revealed good reconstruction of urothelium in both groups. Partial resorption of vicryl was observed at one month with organization of neo-muscular fibers. The vicryl prosthesis was well accepted and, when covered by a peritoneal flap, provided a strong and water-tight material for bladder replacement. The vicryl mesh increased the risk of stone formation in the presence of urinary tract infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Conservative treatment of bladder epitheliomas by partial cystectomy and iridium-192 curietherapy].

From 1971 to 1979, 55 patients were treated for bladder cancer at the Henri-Mondor Hospital using a treatment protocol combining low dose pre-operative external beam radiation followed by iliac node dissection, limited partial cystectomy (or sometimes for T1 tumors, a trans-urethral resection) and curietherapy with iridium 192. The 5 year disease free survival was 37/55 (67%). The rate of local recurrences plus second tumors within the bladder was 16% (9/55). These results are compared with other conservative modalities of treatment of bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Contribution of suprapubic ultrasound in prostatic hypertrophy].

After describing the technique, the authors recall the ultrasound anatomy of the prostate with the symmetrical echoes given by the seminal vesicles, the vas deferens and the ejaculatory ducts, which often allow a distinction to be made between the cranial and caudal portions of the prostate. Calculation of the volume (normally under 20 cm3) measures the enlargement (useful in determining the choice of approach), using the formula (Formula: see text) Ultrasound also often gives some idea of the nature of the lesion. The main distinction between an adenoma and a carcinoma is the fact that the adenoma is normally confined to the cranium. Carcinomas are generally asymmetrical, and their structure is non-echogenic, giving coarse echoes. Chronic prostatis, on the other hand, leads to the existence of symmetrical hyper-echogenic areas, sometimes calcified. The main contribution of suprapubic ultrasound is the information it provides concerning the repercussions on the urinary tract (residue, straining bladder, repercussions on the kidney). It can also be used to monitor developments.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of ureteral obstructions due to prostatic carcinoma. Prognostic value of response to medical treatment (author's transl)].

A retrospective study concerning 146 patients with prostatic cancer showed that 30 of them (20 p.cent) presented ureteral obstacles at some time during the evolution of the disease. The majority of these cases were T3-T4 tumors. When a strickly medical approach allowed to reduce the obstruction, the 1 year survived rate was 71 p.cent. When surgery became necessary due to persistent renal insufficiency, in spite of medical treatment the 1 year survival rate was 15 p.cent.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Sequential polychemotherapy for advanced prostatic carcinoma. A preliminary cooperative study on 30 patients.

30 patients with advanced prostatic carcinomas received sequential polychemotherapy with association of vincristine (or VM 26), cyclophosphamide and 5-fluorouracil. In addition, 13 of these 30 patients received a dose of adriamycin during the first day of treatment, which did not change the results. This treatment was well tolerated and gave a good relief of bone pains.

Cyclophosphamide↗