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Biomedical subjects

J Audouin

Publications and source records attributed to J Audouin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Lupus anticoagulant associated with primary malignant lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of the spleen: a report of four patients.

Primary lymphoma of the spleen is characterized by predominant splenomegaly. Lymphoplasmacytic malignant lymphoma of the spleen, of low malignancy in the Kiel classification, low and intermediate grade in the National Cancer Institute Working Formulation (NCIWF), is rare. It is often associated with a monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM). Four patients presenting with primary splenic lymphoma of plasmacytic type associated with a high level of monoclonal IgM and a lupus anticoagulant (LA) are described. This association has not previously been reported. In contrast with the usual heterogeneity of LA, this LA is relatively homogeneous with an important prolongation of the prothrombin time (greater than 18 sec for a control of 12), more prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of the mixture patient + control plasma than PTT of the patient plasma. Despite the important coagulation abnormalities, none of these four patients has presented any hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, even during major surgery such as splenectomy. The lupus-like anticoagulant effect ran parallel with the monoclonal IgM. Survival, after splenectomy and chemotherapy, appears to be favourable: three patients are alive with survivals of greater than or equal to 7 years. The follow-up is as yet too short for the last patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Different patterns of spleen involvement in systemic and malignant mastocytosis. A histological and immunohistochemical study of three cases.

Three cases of splenic involvement in three different types of generalized mastocytosis (systemic mast cell disease) are reported. The macroscopic, histological and ultrastructural modifications of the spleen are described. Each case exhibited a different morphological pattern. Giemsa staining, fluorescence after acridine orange staining and naphthol ASD chloracetate esterase reaction are shown to be valuable for diagnosis. By comparison, immunohistochemistry seemed not to be very useful, because no specific antigens are expressed. These findings are compared to previously published cases. Their value for the diagnosis and the prognosis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Primary thrombocythaemia associated with systemic mastocytosis: a report of five cases.

Mastocytosis is an uncommon disease characterized by a proliferation of tissue mast cells involving various organs, particularly the bone marrow. Though rare, the association of mastocytosis and haematological malignancies is well established. However, the frequency of mastocytosis reported in patients with essential thrombocythaemia is relatively low. We report five cases of such an association. Our five patients were undergoing evaluation for thrombocyte when the bone marrow biopsy revealed the presence of mastocytosis. The pathogenetic significance of this association is poorly understood. The different hypotheses are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Bone marrow changes at several stages of HIV infection, studied on bone marrow biopsies in 85 patients].

Bone marrow biopsies from eighty-five patients with different stages of HIV infection were reviewed. Biopsies were generally indicated to evaluate peripheral blood abnormalities, but suspicion of lymphoma and other specific pathologies was another important indication. The histopathological features are described and are often suggestive of HIV infection but non-specific. Hypercellularity (72.9%), dysmyelopoiesis (78.8%), plasma cell hyperplasia (97.7%), lymphoid infiltration (27%) and histiocytosis with or without granulomata (11.7%) were the most striking abnormalities. Other frequent features include: increased stainable iron deposits, venous stasis and serous atrophy (gelatinous transformation). Marrow hypoplasia is rather infrequent (28.2%) and usually a terminal event of AIDS. Bone marrow biopsies revealed opportunistic and neoplastic complications in seven cases, with demonstration of pathogens in four cases (Mycobacterium avium, Cryptoccocus neoformans, Toxoplasma gondii and Leishmania donovanii) and malignant lymphomas in three other cases (one Burkitt's lymphoma and two Hodgkin's disease). Bone marrow biopsy provides useful information for the diagnosis and prognosis of HIV infection and for the diagnosis of complications.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Peripheral T-cell malignant lymphomas. Clinical, morphologic and developmental features in 22 cases].

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) represent a new subset of malignant lymphomas, which demonstrates a marked morphological, immunological and clinical diversity. They seem to have a worse prognosis globally than B-cell lymphomas. The main clinical characteristics and outcome of PTCL are analysed in this series of 22 cases. The majority of patients had an advanced disease (stages III and IV; 55 percent) and constitutional symptoms (59 percent) at presentation; extranodal localizations were particularly frequent (41 percent). Three patients presented with isolated or predominant spleen enlargement and fever. According to the updated Kiel classification, there were 7 low-grade PTCL and 15 high-grade PTCL. Phenotypic analysis on fresh frozen tissue was available in 16 cases, showing a predominant helper/inducer phenotype (CD4+, CD8-). The complete remission rate was 76 percent for the whole population, but the median of global survival was only 40 months. The few patients who received radiation therapy and subsequently relapsed did not relapse in the irradiated fields, which suggests that radiotherapy might be included in the therapeutic strategy, the best modalities of which remain to be defined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Large anaplastic cell Ki-1 positive malignant lymphoma with peculiar endocytotic vacuoles.

Unusual intracytoplasmic inclusions are occasionally seen in some variants of malignant lymphoma. We report here a case of large anaplastic cell malignant lymphoma with peculiar vacuoles of probable endocytotic origin. Immunological findings demonstrated the characteristics of activated cells typical of a large anaplastic cell Ki-1 positive lymphoma. The tumour cells exhibited a phenotype of peripheral helper-inducer T-cells. The intracytoplasmic vacuoles were positive with the T surface marker antibodies. Ultrastructurally, these inclusions were closely related to the microvesicle-containing vacuoles reported in signet ring cell lymphomas of B or T cell lineage. The mechanism of cytoplasmic vacuole formation is discussed. An endocytotic origin is possible. The resemblance to the "capping" phenomenon in small lymphocytes is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A case of primary osseous malignant immunoblastic B-cell lymphoma with intracytoplasmic mu lambda immunoglobulin inclusions.

Primary malignant lymphoma of bone, so-called Parker-Jackson reticulosarcoma, is a rare form of extranodal lymphoma with a relatively good prognosis. It often corresponds to B-cell lymphoma of high-grade malignancy. We report a case of mu lambda immunoblastic lymphoma showing two distinctive features: an abundant reactive T-lymphocytic population and unusual intra-cytoplasmic inclusions. These inclusions were PAS positive and consisted of monotypic mu lambda immunoglobulin localized in peculiar aggregates of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Their morphological appearances resembled the well-documented inclusions described in some varieties of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Primary lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of the larynx: a rare localization of MALT-type lymphoma.

Laryngoscopy carried out in a 46-year-old man revealed a left paralaryngeal tumor. The mass was entirely removed by left pharyngolaryngotomy. Microscopic study showed a diffuse malignant lymphoma of low-grade malignancy, exhibiting all the criteria of the MALT-type lymphoma: the proliferation of centrocyte-like and lymphoplasmacytic cells, lymphoepithelial lesions, and the presence of germinal centers. Primary lymphoma of the larynx is a rare condition. Most of the reported low-grade lymphomas and the pseudolymphomas probably belong to the category of MALT-type lymphoma. Remission can be obtained by surgery, radiotherapy, and polychemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

[Castleman's disease (giant lymph node hyperplasia): clinical, biological and developing polymorphism. Apropos of 4 cases].

Four cases of plasma cell type Castleman's disease (CD) are described. Two patients had localized forms (one mediastinal and the other mesenteric) and presented systemic manifestations associated with hypergammaglobulinemia and severe anemia. In both cases, the lesions were revealed by computerized tomography scans and cures were obtained by the complete surgical removal of the masses, which led to the rapid disappearance of the systemic manifestations. The other 2 patients had the multicentric form of CD and presented more extensive clinical and biological symptoms. One of these developed severe peripheral neuropathy and endocrine anomalies during the late phase of his disease, which led us to discuss the relationship between multicentric CD and the POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, skin change) syndrome first described in Japan. Three of our patients presented with hypochromic microcytic anemia too severe to be explained by an inflammatory syndrome alone, and was likely due to several mechanisms. The etiology of CD remains unknown. The histological characteristics of angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia are among the most important criteria for the diagnosis of localized and multicentric forms of CD, which can easily be made on a lymph node biopsy. However, it must be noted that this lesion can also be observed (but only rarely) in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) - infected patients. The localized form is always considered to be benign, but, to date, there is no formal argument definitively supporting the malignancy of the multicentric one, in spite of its clinical similarity to a lymphoproliferative syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Primary non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the breast. Anatomopathologic diagnosis of 14 cases].

Fourteen primary non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma (ML) of the breast observed between 1985 and 1989 were reviewed. Using the Ann Arbor staging system, 5 of these ML were at clinical stage IE, 2 at stage IIE, and only one was at clinical stage IVE (the ML involved both breasts of a young woman after her third post-partum and she died quickly), staging was not available in 6 cases. At the time of physical examination, the diagnosis of ML was not suspected. When possible, it was done or-suspected before surgery, studying fine needle aspiration cytology (4 cases) or drill biopsy (2 cases). Cytological examination was also useful to make the difference between primary large cells T ML and granulocytic sarcomas which sometimes occur before the acute myeloid leukemia and/or the blast crisis of a myeloproliferative disorder. According to the Kiel histopathological classification (updated in 1988), 78.5% of these ML were of great malignancy, more than half of them being polymorphous centroblastic B ML. Only one of them was an angiocentric pleomorphic T lymphoma of great malignancy. None of the ML of low malignancy, all of the follicular type, was a MALT (Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue) ML, as described by Isaacson. Intra-epithelial lymphocytes were observed in 6 of the ML of great malignancy; but in 2 cases, they were T lymphocytes and these lympho-epithelial lesions could not be interpreted as an argument for the MALT nature of these ML. None of our cases were associated with a ML from another MALT site.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Multicentric angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia associated with a solitary osteolytic costal IgG lambda myeloma. POEMS syndrome in a South American (Paraguayan) patient.

We report the case of a 46-year-old woman presenting with a disorder characterized by the association of multicentric Castleman's disease, organomegaly, a solitary IgA lambda myeloma with lytic bone lesions but no serum monoclonal peak, peripheral neuropathy and skin changes. This unusual association resulted in an incomplete form of that peculiar multisystem syndrome described under a variety of names: Crow-Fukase syndrome, Shimpo's syndrome, Takatsuki's syndrome, PEP syndrome or POEMS syndrome. The possible relationship between localized and multicentric Castleman's disease with myeloma or extramedullary plasmacytoma on one hand and on the other hand with polyneuropathy and the other symptoms of the POEMS syndrome is discussed.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Detection by in situ hybridization of HIV I RNA in spleens of HIV I sero-positive patients with thrombocytopenic purpura.

In situ hybridization with a 3H labelled probe on cryosections from 6 spleens of HIV I sero-positive patients with thrombocytopenic purpura showed the presence of HIV RNA in 4 of the 6 spleens at the follicular hyperplasia stage. Two patterns of hybridization were observed: first, a diffuse autoradiographic signal, displaying an irregular network, detected in 1 or 2 germinal centres (GC) per section (17%); secondly, the presence of very few distinct radioactive cells in the labelled GC. A similar pattern was observed in an ARC (Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-Related Complex) lymph node, but with a more intense and frequent hybridization signal. These results indicate that the spleens, like the lymph nodes, are involved in the course of HIV infection but with a less intense tissue-virus interaction, which may explain the minor morphological changes observed in the spleens. In addition, a careful examination of the lymph node tissue indicated that lymphocytes are the predominant cell type infected with the virus. As for the follicular dendritic cells (FDC), a similarity of the hybridization signal observed in the GC and in vitro HIV infected cells suggests that the FDC could also be sensitive to the virus.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistological demonstration of lymph node reticulum cells in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome related complex. A study in Bouin-fixed tissues.

The results of an immunohistochemical study on paraffin sections of the lymph nodes from 5 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related complex (ARC) are presented. The distribution and frequency of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) and of interdigitating cells (IDC) were examined with the monoclonal antibodies J3D3 (directed against the C3b complement receptor, CD 35) and IOB1a (specific for the C3D, CD21) as well as with the polyclonal anti-S-100 protein antiserum in Bouin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections using a Streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Disruption of the follicular FDC network was demonstrated. No major alteration of the IDC was noted. The immunomorphological patterns observed in this study were comparable with the previously reported lymph node alterations studied in frozen section.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1989

[Dermo-hypodermic lymphoid pseudotumors with follicular hyperplasia. Apropos of a case].

We report the case of a female patient with ubiquitously distributed cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules measuring 2 to 6 cm along their long axis. These nodules first developed at the age of 63 years and subsequently appeared in crops separated by spontaneous remissions. Studies of removed nodules demonstrated diffuse lymphoid follicular hyperplasia suggesting a tumor and raising difficult nosologic problems, especially regarding relationships with the extranodal multicentric Castleman syndrome. In march 1987, biopsy of a large scapular nodule spreading into the striated muscle suggested possible transformation into a low grade malignant lymphoma of the lymphoplasmocytoid type.

Biopsy↗