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Biomedical subjects

J Astruc

Publications and source records attributed to J Astruc.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Congenital muscular dystrophy and rigid spine syndrome.

In three patients with muscular dystrophy, the unexpected occurrence of spinal stiffness suggested a diagnosis of rigid spine syndrome. One case belongs to the benign form of the congenital muscular dystrophies; in the other cases however, the severity and the distribution of the muscular process, associated with neurological abnormalities, seems to correspond to a unique variant of congenital muscular dystrophy. These observations underline the heterogeneity of the rigid spine syndrome.

Brain↗
PubMed1977

[The Prader-Willi syndrome and 15-15 translocation].

The association of the Willi-Prader syndrome and a t(15q15q) is reported. This, in conjunction with an earlier report of this association, suggests that a gene related to the Willi-Prader syndrome may be present on chromosome 15.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1977

[Bloom's syndrome. Discussion of the diagnosis concerning two cases of terminal leukemia in a sibship (author's transl)].

Two brothers developed acute leukemia, one at the age of 7 months and the other at the age of 14 months. Both suffered from a staturoponderal retardation and the same malformation syndrome. The karyotype carried out only on the second child revealed breaks and chromatid changes. A diagnosis of Fanconi's anaemia can be discarbed since no blood cytopenia preceded the leukemia. Finally, the diagnosis of Bloom's syndrome prevailed despite the absence of telangiectatic erythema and the atypical chromosomal anomalies.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1976

The efferent projections of the medial prefrontal cortex in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).

Unilateral partial ablations were made in the medial granular frontal cortex of 6 adult squirrel monkeys. Fiber degeneration was traced using the Nauta-Gygax and Fink-Heimer selective silver impregnation techniques into the cingulum, uncinate fascicle, corpus callosum, internal capsule and sublenticular (ventral extracapsular) bundle. Corticocortical projections were observed to the lateral orbital, parietal, rostral inferior temporal, and entorhinal cortices, as well as to the hippocampus proper. Subcortical projections were observed to the basal amygdaloid nucleus, lateral hypothalamus, lateral dorsal, anterior ventral, mediodorsal, pulvinar, and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus. Preterminal and terminal fiber degeneration were notably sparse in most of the neostriatum, except the dorsolateral region of the caudate nucleus. Fiber degeneration traversed the medial crus cerebri of the midbrain, where fibers of passage ascended into the tegmentum through the medial substantia nigra. Preterminal and terminal degeneration were present in the mesencephalic reticular formation lateral and dorsal to the red nucleus and a few degenerating fibers were followed into the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray. Degeneration was observed as far caudal as the reticulotegmental nucleus of the rostral pons. On the basis of its connections, the medial prefrontal cortex resembles the remainder of the prefrontal lobe and probably also has an important role in cortical and subcortical limbic mechanisms.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1975

Efferent connections of the orbitofrontal cortex in the marmoset (Saguinus oedipus).

Unilateral partial ablations were made in the orbitofrontal cortex of 4 adult marmosets (Saguinus oedipus) and fiber degeneration was traced using the Nauta-Gygax and Fink-Heimer selective silver impregnation techniques. Corticocortical projections were found to the ipsilateral convexity and medial aspect of the frontal lobe and to the homologous orbitofrontal areas of the contralateral hemisphere. Fiber degeneration was followed through the uncinate fascicle to the temporal and insular cortices, and caudally into the rostrolateral entorhinal cortex. Other fibers joined the cingulum bundle and terminated throughout the cingulate cortex. Subcortical projections were observed to the lateral and basal amygdaloid nuclei, caudate head, ventrolateral putamen and ventral claustrum. The lateral preoptic and hypothalamic areas received a small number of fibers, as did the intralaminar and reticular thalamic nuclei. The dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus was recipient of a large group of fibers which followed the ventral internal capsule and joined the inferior thalamic peduncle to terminate there. Preterminal debris appeared heaviest in the dorsomedial thalamic nucleus, pars magnocellularis (MDmc) in more caudal orbital lesions. A subthalamic projection to field H of Forel was observed. A small number of fibers terminated in the lateral midbrain tegmentum, but no appreciable fiber degeneration was observed more caudally than the midbrain. These results are compared in some areas to findings in the rhesus monkey. The possibility of a topical organization in the orbital cortical and thalamic projections is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Embedding brain specimens in transparent plastic.

A simple, reliable and practical technic for permanently embedding brain specimens in plastic is discussed. The anatomic details, including the natural colors, are so well preserved that they give a real picture of the morphologic details, such as preservation of anatomic landmarks and pathologic alterations. The specimen can be observed from different angles, enhancing the student's opportunity for visual examination. Clearing of the specimen with visualization of the vascular tree after injection with opaque dyes may be accomplished. The procedure is recommended for museums and laboratory teaching.

Anatomy↗
PubMed1975

Preliminary evidence for a direct projection of the prefrontal cortex to the hippocampus in the squirrel monkey.

Unilateral partial ablations in the medial prefrontal cortex of six squirrel monkeys led to fiber degeneration which followed cingulate and uncinate routes to the hippocampal region. Degenerating fibers were observed primarily in the alvear, but also in the perforant, bundle. Preterminal and terminal debris was seen on basket cells of the stratum oriens and pyramidal cells within the sratum pyramidalis of CA1-3. Since the prefrontal cortex has been shown to receive convergent sensory inputs from both external and internal milieu, this projection may represent the anatomical substrate for the essential influence of this information on the hippocampus proper, and also explain data which show the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus to be integrally related to mechanisms of learning and memory behavior.

Animals↗