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Biomedical subjects

J Asplund

Publications and source records attributed to J Asplund.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Nicardipine hydrochloride in essential hypertension--a controlled study.

Fifty patients with mild essential (primary) hypertension entered a double-blind, parallel-group study with either nicardipine 30 mg three times daily or placebo, randomly assigned as monotherapy for 6 weeks. At the end of 6 weeks, the nicardipine-treated group had a statistically significant reduction in mean supine systolic/diastolic pressure of 21.2/15.0 mm Hg (P less than 0.001) compared with the nonsignificant reduction of 0.7/2.9 mm Hg in the placebo-treated group. The difference in mean response between the nicardipine- and placebo-treated groups was significant (P less than 0.001). In the nicardipine-treated group, the reduction in mean standing systolic/diastolic blood pressure, 17.9/13.8 mm Hg, was significant (P less than 0.001), whereas in the placebo-treated group the change was +3.0/-1.5 mm Hg. The difference between the two treatment groups was significant (P less than 0.001). In both treatment groups, changes in pulse rate were minor, and there was no evidence of tachyphylaxis occurring with nicardipine. Adverse experiences were minor in all cases except for one patient with muscle pain during treatment with nicardipine. Patients who received nicardipine showed a mean increase of 52% in plasma renin activity (PRA) after 6 weeks (P less than 0.01). Initial basal or stimulated PRA did not correlate with blood pressure reduction on nicardipine. Nicardipine 30 mg three times daily is a well-tolerated and effective antihypertensive agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A long-term follow-up of patients with essential hypertension treated with captopril.

Seventy-four patients from four short-term studies of captopril in mild-moderate essential hypertension continued in a cooperative long-term efficacy and tolerance program. The duration of observation is 2- greater than 4 years, the total treatment time being 2434 months. No development of resistance to therapy was observed. The total daily dose of captopril has been gradually decreased and in 20 patients changed from t.i.d. to b.i.d. regime. The drug has been well tolerated and only few and mild side-effects have been observed after the initial titration period. The drop-outs (n = 19) were mostly due to non-medical causes (n = 14). Except for one case of proteinuria, no laboratory abnormalities were detected and there were no signs of long-term toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Patients compliance in hypertension--the importance of number of tablets.

The importance of number of tablets for patient compliance was investigated in 160 patients with mild-moderate essential hypertension treated with a beta-adrenoceptor blocker and a thiazide diuretic. Mean BP at entry 146 +/- 16/92 +/- 8 mm Hg. All patients were given pindolol 10 mg and clopamide 5 mg in one combination tablet or in separate tablets for 4 months respectively. Approximately 90% of the patients took greater than 90% of the prescribed dose throughout the study. Mean BP decreased progressively and heart rate increased slightly. Side effects were more frequently reported during the first month of the study than previously, and 30 patients discontinued the treatment. No differences in this respect were seen between 1 and 2 tablets daily. Approximately 75% of the patients preferred 1 tablet daily, but combining two drugs in one tablet had no effect upon compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

New design for clinical trial of antihypertensive drugs applied to pindolol, clopamide, and combinations thereof.

A beta-blocker (pindolol) and a diuretic (clopamide) were given in different dosages, singly and in two different combinations, to 71 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. The trial design was such that patients took both drugs singly and in combination, and in different doses, according to a set plan. The best regimen for each patient was determined by taking into account not only blood pressure but also resting heart-rate, body-weight, serum potassium, and serum urate. For 19 patients (27%) monotherapy was best--pindolol for 16 and clopamide for 3. For the remaining patients, a combination of pindolol 10 mg and clopamide 5 mg was best for 39, and in 35 of these one tablet daily was sufficient. All patients reached the preset target blood-pressure. The differences in proportions responding best to the following pairs of regimens compared--monotherapy vs combination, and combination of clopamide 5 mg and pindolol 5 mg vs combination of clopamide 5 mg and pindolol 10 mg--were significant (2p less than 0.01). The process by which the best treatment is chosen according to this study design resembles much more closely that followed in general medical practice, than does the process in the conventional hypertension trial, in which only average effects are reported and compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Penbutolol (Hoe 893d) in primary hypertension. Blood pressure effects, tolerance and plasma concentrations.

Penbutolol (Hoe 893d), a long-acting non-selective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent, was given once daily to 23 patients with primary hypertension, WHO Stages I-II. The dose (50-100mg) needed to achieve the therapeutic goal, i.e. supine diastolic BP less than 95 mm Hg, was titrated individually. On a daily dose of penbutolol 83 +/- 19 mg (mean +/- SD) blood pressure (BP, mean +/- SD) fell from 180 +/- 21/112 +/- 8 mmHg on placebo to 154 +/- 25/94 +/- 14 mmHg. 18 patients who reached the therapeutic goal (responders) continued in a double blind, cross-over study versus placebo, during which the supine BP fell on average 20/10 mmHg on the same dose of penbutolol, and 2/1 mmHg on placebo. Plasma concentrations (mean +/- SD) of free 0.10 +/- 0.07 microgram/ml) and total (2.02 +/- 1.39 microgram/ml) penbutolol did not differ between responders and nonresponders, and were not correlated with the fall in BP. Side effects were mild and mostly well tolerated. One patient developed dermatitis and another an elevation of liver enzymes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Captopril and atenolol combined with hydrochlorothiazide in essential hypertension.

1 Fifty-seven patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension, mean age 50 (range 31-69) were randomised to treatment with either captopril or atenolol. Twenty-six patients in each group completed the study. 2 Captopril (25-50 mg three times daily) and atenolol (50-100 mg once daily) caused a highly significant fall in blood pressure both supine and standing. 3 When hydrochlorothiazide (25-50 mg once daily) was added a further fall in blood pressure was observed in both groups. 4 Captopril as single drug caused no significant change in heart rate, while atenolol significantly reduced heart rate both supine and standing. 5 Two patients were excluded from the captopril group, one because of a reversible loss of taste and the other because of dizziness. Three patients were excluded from the atenolol group, two because of bradyarrhythmias and one because of inadequate blood pressure response. 6 Both captopril and atenolol were found to be effective antihypertensive agents, suitable for the treatment of essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-term experience of captopril in the treatment of primary (essential) hypertension.

1 Forty-one patients with primary (essential) hypertension were treated with captopril alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide for 12-36 months. 2 During an initial dose-titration period mean blood pressure fell from 174/111 mm Hg to 134/88 mm Hg supine and from 170/116 mm Hg to 126/93 mm Hg standing after 3 months' treatment. 3 During long-term treatment with unchanged or reduced doses of captopril or hydrochlorothiazide, or both, blood pressure remained substantially reduced. Mean supine blood pressure at 24 months was 136/90 mm Hg and at 36 months 138/90 mm Hg. 4 In 12 patients with clearly defined low renin (essential) hypertension initial blood pressure reduction was less than in patients with normal renin hypertension after 1 month's treatment (162/102 mm Hg v 143/92 mm Hg). After 24 months of treatment, however, the treatment results were similar in the two groups. 5 Except for one case of reversible proteinuria no serious side effects were seen during treatment periods of up to three years. 6 Captopril alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide seems to be an effective and safe drug in the long-term treatment of primary hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Captopril, an orally active converting enzyme inhibitor, in the treatment of primary hypertension. A controlled long-term study with reference to initial plasma renin activity.

Captopril (SQ 14 225), an orally active inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme, was evaluated in the treatment of primary (essential) hypertension in a placebo-controlled long-term study. In 24 patients allocated to captopril treatment, mean supine BP fell from 174 +/- 18/110 +/- 7 to 151 +/- 22/96 +/- 12 mmHg. Ten patients achieved a supine diastolic BP of less than or equally 90 mmHg with a mean BP fall of 28/22 mmHg after 4 weeks' captopril dose titration (75-450 mg daily). In 14 patients, BP fell 19/9 mmHg. When hydrochlorothiazide (50-100 mg daily) was subsequently added, a total supine BP reduction of 51/20 mmHg was noted. In the placebo control group (n = 16), BP changed +1/-2 mmHg from 171/110 mmHg while addition of hydrochlorothiazide caused a mean supine BP fall of 19/10 mmHg. During long-term follow-up (mean 11.8 months), no resistance to therapy developed. A weak correlation, (p less than 0.05) was seen between pretreatment plasma renin activity and initial captopril-induced BP reduction. However, in patients with clearly defined low renin hypertension, the hypotensive effect of captopril was much less than in patients with higher renin values. Captopril induced a significant decrease in urinary aldosterone excretion, which was partially reversed by addition of hydrochlorothiazide. Observed side-effects were proteinuria (1 case), rash (2 cases) and taste disturbances (3 cases). During long-term follow-up, seven patients have dropped out, four due to side-effects and three because of non-compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Metoprolol administered once daily in the treatment of hypertension. A double-blind crossover comparison between conventional tablets and metoprolol Durules.

The effect of metoprolol, a beta1-selective receptor blocking agent without intrinsic stimulating activity, on blood pressure, pulse and plasma concentration 2 and 24 h after dose intake and on working capacity and perceived exertion 2 h after dose intake was investigated when given as 100 mg and 200 mg conventional tablets or 200 mg slow-release tablets (Durules) once daily, long-term, to 20 patients with primary (essential) hypertension. Metoprolol 100 mg and 200 mg once daily effectively lowers blood pressure over a 24-h period, and 200 mg Durules once daily gives beta-receptor blockade for 24 h. Peak plasma concentration 2 h after dose intake and individual variations in plasma concentrations are reduced on 200 mg Durules compared with 200 mg conventional tablets. Working capacity is not reduced, though perceived exertion and leg fatigue seem to be slightly increased with metoprolol, especially 200 mg conventional tablets.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Dysmenorrhea].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Contraceptives, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Pseudotumor cerebri in pseudohypoparathyroidism.

A case of hypocalcemia with elevated serum PTH but normal renal response of cAMP and phosphate to PTH infusion is reported. The patient also had papilledema since many years probably due to long-lasting hypocalcemia.

Calcium↗