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J Arrazola

Publications and source records attributed to J Arrazola.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Neurilemmoma of the larynx: a case report].

Neuromas or Schwannomas are extremely rare among tumors of the larynx. They are Schwann cell tumors that can be difficult to distinguish from neurofibromas. They present usually as supraglottic masses, since they may arise from the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is the best diagnostic technique, conferring a high degree of suspicion. We present an exceptional case of a laryngeal neuroma, with a very long evolution, a large tumor volume, dyspnea and vocal cord fixation, with complete resolution through an external approach following surgical removal. The difficulties encountered with its pathological and clinical diagnosis are discussed as well as a review of the literature.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Do cognitive patterns of brain magnetic activity correlate with hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's disease?

BACKGROUND: Many reports support the clinical validity of volumetric MRI measurements in Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE: To integrate functional brain imaging data derived from magnetoencephalography (MEG) and volumetric data in patients with Alzheimer's disease and in age matched controls. METHODS: MEG data were obtained in the context of a probe-letter memory task. Volumetric measurements were obtained for lateral and mesial temporal lobe regions. RESULTS: As expected, Alzheimer's disease patients showed greater hippocampal atrophy than controls bilaterally. MEG derived indices of the degree of activation in left parietal and temporal lobe areas, occurring after 400 ms from stimulus onset, correlated significantly with the relative volume of lateral and mesial temporal regions. In addition, the size of the right hippocampus accounted for a significant portion of the variance in cognitive scores independently of brain activity measures. CONCLUSIONS: These data support the view that there is a relation between hippocampal atrophy and the degree of neurophysiological activity in the left temporal lobe.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Spatio-temporal patterns of brain magnetic activity during a memory task in Alzheimer's disease.

The brain magnetic activity patterns in a high load probe-letter (targets and distractors) memory task were examined in patients with Alzheimers's disease (AD) and elderly controls. Control subjects showed a higher number of activity sources over the temporal and parietal cortex between 400 and 700 ms after stimulus onset. However, AD patients showed a higher number of sources over the frontal motor areas, including Broca's and the insula. The number of activity sources on the left parietal areas in response to the target stimuli predicted the AD score oncognitive (MMSE, CAMCOG) and functional staging (FAST) scales. These results suggest that a high information load reveals a deficient functioning of phonological store and reduced task-related activity in temporal and parietal areas, manifesting in a rapid information trace decay. The increased levels of activity in motor areas may reflect a compensatory strategy in an attempt to facilitate rehearsal speed.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Unusual changing CT and MR appearance of an epithelial intracranial cyst.

INTRODUCTION: Epithelial cysts are infrequent intracranial lesions and may content cilia and mucosecretant cells that may be responsible for the protein concentration within the contents and the variable radiological appearance on CT and MRI. METHODS AND PATIENTS: We present a case of an extraaxial epithelial cyst with changing CT and MR characteristics. RESULTS: The appearance of our cyst on CT or MRI changed with size and morphology. When CT studies showed an hypodense cyst, the lesion was large but when an hyperdense mass was present, the lesion was smaller. In the later situation MRI showed hyperintensity on T1-weighted images and hypointensity on T2-weighted images and the protein concentration of the cystic contents was high. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that a relatively high protein concentration in our cyst was the major factor for the high attenuation on CT and the hyperintensity or hypointensity on T1- and T2-weighted images, respectively. We believe than these atypical imaging findings were caused by changes in the protein concentration within the cyst.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed2000

Primary malignant rhabdoid tumour of the brain in an adult.

We report a mass in the left cerebral hemisphere of a 20-year-old man. Histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features of the tumour were consistent with primary malignant rhabdoid tumour. The age of presentation, imaging features prior to histological examination, and prognosis in this case were unusual.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Post-Paget telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the skull.

Sarcomatous transformation is the most dreaded complication of Paget's disease. We report on a case of post-Paget telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the skull, a variant of osteogenic osteosarcoma, in a 79-year-old woman. We discuss the radiological pattern in relationship to the differential diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Definitive diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration using magnetic resonance. Description of 3 cases].

Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital malformation in which the pulmonary parenchyma is isolated from the rest of the lung and receives irrigation. Traditionally this malformation has been diagnosed by arteriography, but in recent years the usefulness of magnetic resonance, a technique that can probably substitute for arteriography on many occasions, has been emphasized. We report 3 cases of intralobar pulmonary sequestration diagnosed by magnetic resonance, a procedure that provided adequate presurgical assessment. The magnetic resonance images were later shown to be consistent with anatomical findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hydatid disease: radiologic and pathologic features and complications.

Hydatid disease primarily affects the liver and typically demonstrates characteristic imaging findings. However, there are many potential local complications (eg, intrahepatic complications, exophytic growth, transdiaphragmatic thoracic involvement, perforation into hollow viscera, peritoneal seeding, biliary communication, portal vein involvement, abdominal wall invasion). Furthermore, secondary involvement due to hematogenous dissemination may be seen in almost any anatomic location (eg, lung, kidney, spleen, bone, brain). Ultrasonography (US) is particularly useful for the detection of cystic membranes, septa, and hydatid sand. Computed tomography (CT) best demonstrates cyst wall calcification and cyst infection. CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may demonstrate cyst wall defects as well as the passage of contents through a defect. Chest radiography, US, CT, and MR imaging are all useful in depicting transdiaphragmatic migration of hydatid disease. CT is the modality of choice in peritoneal seeding. US and CT demonstrate rupture in most cases that involve wide communication. Indirect signs of biliary communication include increased echogenicity at US and fluid levels and signal intensity changes at MR imaging. CT allows precise assessment of osseous lesions, whereas MR imaging is superior in demonstrating neural involvement. Familiarity with atypical manifestations of hydatid disease may be helpful in making a prompt, accurate diagnosis.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Atrophy of the amygdala complex and neuropsychiatric expression of Alzheimer s disease].

INTRODUCTION: In Alzheimer s disease, together with cognitive changes (loss of memory, lack of orientation in time and space, difficulty in carrying things out, etc.) non cognitive disorders also occur, seriously disturbing the patient s behavioral and emotional balance. Depression, delirious ideas, hallucinations and behavior changes (habits regarding sex, feeding and movement) are amongst the commonest features of this disease from its earliest stages. Several studies have described how initially the histopathological changes selectively involve different structures of the medial temporal lobe ( entorinal cortex, hippocampal formation, amygdala) and gradually includes neocortical association areas. Thus, the amygdala complex, a structure related to processes of memory and emotional control, is severely affected in this disease from the initial stages. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Therefore, to find any possible relationship between involvement of the amygdala and the psychiatric expression of Alzheimer s type dementia, we did a radiological study, using magnetic resonance, together with a neuropsychological study of a group of 24 persons with Alzheimer s disease who had mild moderate deterioration. Analysis of the amygdala area and the scores on the subtest Alzheimer s Disease Assessment Scale Non cognitive (ADAS NC) were the variables chosen for measurement of the anatomical and psychiatric aspects of the subjects under investigation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study show a close relation between involvement of the amygdala (atrophy) and the presence of neuropsychiatric changes in persons with Alzheimer s disease.

Aged↗