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Biomedical subjects

J Aranceta

Publications and source records attributed to J Aranceta.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Breakfast consumption in Spanish children and young people.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Breakfast consumption is important for nutritional balance in all population groups. The objective of this paper is to describe breakfast consumption patterns in Spanish children and young people. DESIGN: Random population cross-sectional nutritional survey. METHODS: A random sample of 3534 people aged 2 to 24 years were interviewed by a team of 43 dietitians. The protocol included 24-hour recalls (a second 24-hour recall in 30% of the sample), a food-frequency questionnaire and other questions including lifestyles, knowledge and food preferences. RESULTS: Participation rate in the survey was 68%. Of the boys, 91.2% and 92.2% of the girls in the sample usually had breakfast. Males aged 18 years and above and 14-17-year-old girls showed the lowest consumption rates. Some 4.1% of the sample did not have any food at all before lunch. Main sources of energy with breakfast were milk and dairy products (34%) and buns, cookies, croissants, etc. (24.6%). Some 44.7% of the sample was classified in the poor-quality breakfast group. Subjects from a low socio-economic background and low educated parents had lower Quality Breakfast Score. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of children having breakfast before attending school has increased in Spain in recent decades. However, intake of breakfast is not adequate in a large proportion of this population and a number of children and young people still do not eat anything before lunch. School-based nutrition education involving families, teachers and health professionals, supported by community actions, can contribute to improve this situation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Community-based programme to promote physical activity among elderly people: the GeroBilbo study.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity in the elderly contributes to maintain muscle function and tone, mobility of joints and fosters social relationships when practised in a social setting, thus contributing to physical, psychological and social well-being. OBJECTIVE: To assess objective and perceived health of elderly people involved in the physical activity programme of Bilbao. DESIGN: Community-based cross-sectional study. Study protocol considered length of involvement in the programme; age, gender, perceived health, remarkable facts in personal and family disease history, as well as consumption of pharmaceutical drugs, tobacco, alcohol and physical activity (n=1500). In a subsample, (n=596; 122 men and 474 women), age range 60 to 89 years, anthropometrical measurements were collected. RESULTS: A considerable proportion (69%) had an active lifestyle and practised other physical exercise or sports, apart from the programme gymnastic sessions. Improvement in physical well-being, entertainment and social contacts were key motivations to participate in the programme. About 70% of the sample had been involved in the programme at least for three years. Mean weight was 75.8 +/-10 kg for men and 66 +/- 9.14 kg for women; mean height was 164.6 +/- 6.5 cm for men and 153 +/- 5.5 cm in the female subgroup. Body Mass Index was (BMI) 27.8 +/-2.8 kg/m2 in the male group and 28.1 +/- 3.6 kg/m2 among females. Prevalence of obesity (BMI > or = 30) was 22.7% for men and 28.9 % for women. CONCLUSION: Community interventions targeted to the elderly with a focus in physical activity, particularly when they are based in group physical exercise and implemented through existing networks are rewarding for old people and highly accepted. They are perceived as a positive influence in their health. Such interventions provide a forum which facilitates implementation of other community health initiatives addressed to this population group.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1998

[Prevalence of obesity in Spain: the SEEDO'97 study. Spanish Collaborative Group for the Study of Obesity].

BACKGROUND: The weight distribution of a random sample of Spanish population aged 25-60 years is described. The prevalence of obesity and overweight is estimated by sex, age group and cultural level. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Weight, height and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured on 5,388 subjects aged 25-60 yr who participated in population Nutritional surveys carried out in four Spanish autonomous regions (Cataluña, País Vasco, Madrid and Valencia) from 1989 to 1994. They were pooled together in order to build a national random sample. The sample was classified according to body mass index (BMI) (weight in kg/height in m2). Obesity was defined as BMI > or = 30 kg/m2. The prevalence of obesity by sex, age group and cultural level was estimated. Risk values for WHR were defined as WHR > 1 for men and WHR > 0.9 for women. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was 13.4%, 11.5% among men and 15.2% among women. Obesity increased with age in men and women, from 5.3% in the 25-34 yr group to 26.3% in the age group 55-60. Among those with a BMI > or = 30, 30.7% of men and 25.1% of women had also risk values for WHR. Educational level showed an inverse relationship with obesity, thus obesity was higher in less educated groups, particularly among women (p < 0.001). The geographical distribution of obesity showed a south-southeast trend, significant for males (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of obesity in Spain was 13.4%, higher after 45 yr of age, particularly in women and less educated groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Food consumption patterns in the adult population of the Basque Country (EINUT-I).

OBJECTIVE: Dietary surveys are a valuable tool in nutrition surveillance programmes to monitor the nutritional status of a group or population of a country. The objective of this study was to assess the food consumption pattern in the adult population of the Basque Country (Spain). DESIGN: A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in 1990. Dietary habits were assessed by means of '24-h recall' during 3 non-consecutive days and a food frequency questionnaire. SETTING: Population survey in the Basque Country (Spain). SUBJECTS: Random sample of the adult population (25-60 years) in the Basque Country (n = 2348). RESULTS: Results draw a food pattern characterized by a high consumption of meat, 163+/-3.04 g day(-1) (mean +/- SEM), supplied mainly by poultry, butchery products, veal and fish (88+/-2.68 g day(-1)). The average consumption of milk and dairy products was 359+/-5.19 g day(-1), although 39% of the sample did consume less than 2 portions from this group of foods daily. Olive oil was the most widely used fat for cooking (45%), followed by sunflower seed oil (30%). Cereals supplied 21.5% of the average energy intake and the consumption of vegetables and garden products was 159+/-3.13 g day(-1). Only 29% of the group usually had 2 or more portions of vegetables per day. Women consumed higher amounts of chocolate, cookies, sweets and coffee (P < 0.01) than men. Younger adults consumed more meat (P < 0.01), while the older community consumed more fish, vegetables and fruit (P < 0.01). More highly educated people consumed more dairy products, vegetables and butter (P < 0.01). Conversely, less educated people consumed higher amounts of olive oil, pulses and bread (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary pattern observed in the Basque Country, although in keeping with its traditions, is in harmony with the actual dietary trends in Mediterranean countries. In order to satisfy the dietary guidelines suggested by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition, it would be desirable to gradually increase the consumption of vegetables, fresh garden produce, fruit and cereals. At the same time, it would be advisable to decrease the consumption of animal products (whole fat dairy products, meat, added fats) so the proportion of energy intake from fat can be reduced by 5% (3% from saturated fatty acids).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Fat and alcohol intake in the Basque Country.

A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in the Basque Country, on a random sample of the population aged 25-60 years (n = 2348). Socioeconomic data, anthropometric measurements and food consumption data were collected. 24-h recall on three non-consecutive days plus a food frequency questionnaire were used for dietary assessment. The participation rate was 73.4%. Mean energy intake for men was 2944 kcal and 2049 kcal for women, decreasing with age. Energy distribution pattern (non-alcohol) showed 16% from protein; 38% from fat: 13% SFA; 16% MUFA and 9% PUFA; carbohydrates supplied 46% energy. Alcohol intake was 8%. Better-educated people had higher intakes of SFA, cholesterol and sugar (P < 0.001). Consumption of meat (162 g/person/d) and fish (89 person/d) were high. Cereals and potatoes were the main sources of energy in the Basque diet (23.24%) followed by meat, fish and eggs (20%). Percentage contribution to energy intake from meat was higher in men than in women, and also energy intake from alcohol. Women obtain more energy from milk. Edible fat was the main source of fat in the diet (46%) followed by meat (22%). Milk products and meat are the main sources of SFA in the Basque diet. Males had a high intake of alcohol, especially in the 35-44-year age group. Alcohol consumers usually drink every day and often not in the home.

Adolescent↗