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Biomedical subjects

J Araki

Publications and source records attributed to J Araki.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Clinical and pathological investigation of opportunistic pulmonary mycoses in autopsy cases].

Clinical and pathological investigations were performed in 58 cases of opportunistic pulmonary mycoses diagnosed at autopsy during the 10 years between 1979 and 1988 at Sasebo General City Hospital. The following findings were obtained. 1) The incidence of opportunistic pulmonary mycoses during the 10 years was 7.7%, with a significant increase in the incidence of fungal infections during the last 5 years of the study. The incidence of pulmonary mycoses was higher in patients with blood dyscrasia than in those with solid tumor or benign disease (p less than 0.001). 2) Administration of steroid hormone and anticancer drugs were suspected to be causative factors in the development of pulmonary aspergillosis and cryptococcosis, but not in candidiasis. 3) Characteristic radiographic patterns and clinical symptoms were absent in cases of pulmonary candidiasis due to the small size of the lesions and the high incidence of other complicating pulmonary infections and edema. 4) The most common initial roentgenographic pattern in opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis was localized infiltrate, subsequently progressing to either multifocal infiltrates or cavitation. 5) The initial symptom in opportunistic pulmonary aspergillosis was usually high fever, and the radiographic abnormalities appeared later. The median duration between onset and death in 19 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis was 23.1 days. 6) Pulmonary aspergillosis should be suspected in the compromised host with high fever refractory to antibiotics and pulmonary infiltrates. Empiric antifungal therapy should be initiated at an early stage for the best chance for survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Influence of gastric juice on human amylase activity].

Although it is well established that amylase activity is inactivated by acid, little is known about the influence of native gastric juice on amylase activity. We investigated the effect of gastric juice, acid, and pepsin on both pancreatic (P-) and salivary (S-) isoamylase activities in vitro. S- and P-isoamylase activities were completely inactivated by HCl (10 mEq/l), but 20% of each isoamylase activity remained when bovine serum albumin (BSA) (3%) was added. However pepsin (0.2 tyrosine mg/ml/min) inactivated both isoamylase activities even though BSA was added. When saliva or pancreatic juice was mixed with gastric juice, both isoamylase activities were detected until the mixing ratio was 3:7 (gastric juice:saliva or pancreatic juice, v/v). It is suggested that some of both isoamylase activities could survive after exposure to gastric juice in the stomach and duodenum, depending on the concentrations of acid and protein in gastric juice, and mixing ratio to gastric juice.

Amylases↗
PubMed1989

[A case of thymic cyst with elevated CEA in the cystic fluid].

A 66 year-old male was admitted on October 31, 1987 because his chest X-ray film revealed a well-defined round shadow in the right inferior mediastinum. Chest CT showed a large homogenous mass in the right anterior mediastinum. The mass was identified as a cyst on echogram. Surgical removal of the cyst was done with right thoracotomy. The cyst was 15 cm in size and contained about 500 ml of grayish white fluid. Pathological examination showed a thymic cyst and no malignancy. Biochemical analysis of the cystic fluid revealed increased CEA value of 223.2 ng/dl in spite of normal CEA level in serum. CEA was demonstrated in the epithelium of the surface and Hassall's corpuscles by PAP stain. It is conceivable that this elevated CEA observed in the cystic fluid might be correlated with CEA-like antigens such as NCA, NFA and BGP.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of HTLV-1 associated myelopathy with pulmonary involvement].

A 70-year-old woman was admitted complaining of gait disturbance and difficulty in urination. Neurological examination showed myelopathy and both serum and CSF anti ATLA antibodies were positive. A diagnosis of HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM) was made and steroid therapy was initiated. Chest X-ray film on admission showed no abnormality, but three months later, diffuse fine nodular and reticular shadows appeared in both lung fields. The patients had no respiratory symptom. The results of pulmonary function tests were normal, aside from a mild obstructive defect as indicated by reduced V25. Arterial blood gas was also normal. Bronchoalveolar lavage studies showed increased total cell counts and an increased proportion of T-cells. The histological findings of the transbronchial lung biopsy specimen were bronchiolitis and alveolitis. Subsequently, within the next eight months the abnormal shadows on chest X-ray cleared gradually on maintenance dosage of prednisolone, 10 mg/day. Possible relationships between HAM and the pulmonary lesions were discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[High dose of methotrexate-leucovorin treatment in advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

High doses of methotrexate (MTX) and leucovorin (LCV) as a rescue treatment were applied to five patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, refractory to standard combination chemotherapy. Two of 5 patients showed a complete remission, and 2 patients showed a partial remission. One patient with massive pleural effusion showed an improvement by the treatment without any severe side effect under monitoring and controlling the dose of MTX. However, the remission duration of the treatment was short; therefore, additive therapy was required of later. From these results we assumed that the high dose of MTX and LCV could be effective for malignant lymphoma being resistant to other combination therapies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Left ventricular-right atrial communication with an aneurysm of the atrioventricular membranous septum. A case report.

A 40-year-old man with combination of left ventricular-right atrial communication and aneurysm of the atrioventricular membranous septum is presented. A supravalvular type defect, 14 X 15 mm in size, was closed with a Teflon patch. An oval shaped aneurysm of the atrioventricular membranous septum, 20 X 17 mm in size was also noted, but was left untouched. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case with this combination in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Contraction of non-gravid human uterus in various menstrual phases (author's transl)].

Using microtransducer, the author has studied the uterine contraction in various menstrual phases and during dysmenorrhea, and also the effect of the administration of PG synthetase inhibitors. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1) In normal non-gravid uterus, the contraction was 25.6mmHg in amplitude and 19.9/10min. in frequency in the proliferative phase, 12.4 and 28.4 in the early half of secretory phase, 28.3 and 11.5 in the latter half, and 42.3 and 12.9 during menstruation. In other words, while the contractions were the most pronounced during menstruation, no difference was found between proliferative and the latter half of secretory phase, and they were the weakest during the early half of secretory phase with the ripple like small waves. 2) During the proliferative phase, relatively regular contractions were found in various kinds of patients, - that is - , patients with normal menstrual cycles, with organic disorders but without dysmenorrhea, with functional dysmenorrhea, or with organic dysmenorrhea. 3) Compared to other menstrual phases, the contractions were weak in the early half of secretory phase. However, the patients with organic dysmenorrhea had stronger contractions than other patients. 4) In the latter half of secretory phase, the patients with organic disorders or organic dysmenorrhea showed stronger contractions than in those without the organic changes, and the contractions were approximately 55mmHg in amplitude in patients with organic change, -almost twice higher than in patients without organic change. 5) During menstruation, patients with dysmenorrhea, functional or organic, showed contractions with the average amplitude of 87mmHg, -more than twice the height found in the patients without dysmenorrhea. 6) When the amplitude was higher then 140mmHg, all the patients complained of pain. 7) In patients with dysmenorrhea, the administration of PG synthetase inhibitors, such as Indomethacin, Naproxen, etc., caused the reduction of contraction amplitude, resulting in the relief of pain.

Female↗