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Biomedical subjects

J Andrieu

Publications and source records attributed to J Andrieu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Efficacy and tolerability of enprostil in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. Comparison with cimetidine].

Enprostil, a synthetic PGE2, has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion, a mucoprotective effect and a postprandial lowering effect on gastrin. A double blind randomized study was performed in 80 patients, in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety enprostil (35 mu b.i.d) as compared to cimetidine (400 mg b.i.d) in duodenal ulcer. Healing rates after two, four and six weeks of treatment, as based on endoscopic evaluation, were 35, 72 and 83 p. 100 for enprostil and 45, 73 and 83 p. 100 for cimetidine, respectively. There were no significant differences between treatment groups. The time to relief of nighttime and daytime ulcer pain and antacid consumption were similar in the two groups. The patient's overall subjective assessment was better in the cimetidine group, but this was not confirmed by physicians' opinions. Diarrhea was observed in 7 p. 100 of patients treated by enprostil compared with 5 p. 100 for patients treated by cimetidine. One enprostil treated patient withdrew from the trial prematurely because of abdominal pain. This study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of enprostil in the treatment of active duodenal ulcer at the dosage of 35 micrograms twice daily.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

A pharmacokinetic study of ranitidine was performed in 14 patients with haematemesis divided into two groups according to the severity of blood loss. Pharmacokinetic values were calculated from plasma concentrations after the first of three daily injections (100 mg) and compared with those obtained in five healthy volunteers (50 mg i.v.). There were no significant differences between patients in the two haemorrhage groups and controls. The low, or even questionable, effectiveness of histamine H2-receptor antagonists in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage does not seem to be due to pharmacokinetic factors.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Familial cancer of the colon without polyposis and the familial cancer syndrome. Apropos of 2 cases over 3 generations].

Two cancer-prone families are reported. In the first one four first-degree relatives over three generations presented a colonic carcinoma, three of them at a proximal anatomic site. For grandmother and father these occurred at ages of 43 and 54 years, respectively, for the son and the daughter at ages of 26 and 22. The grandmother underwent a palliative ileotransversostomy, surgery typically associated with a bad prognosis, but she survived for forty years that initial neoplasm and had an hysterectomy with oophorectomy at age of 63 for endometrial malignancy; she deceased at age of 83 a few days after surgical treatment of tumoral small bowel obstruction: pathological evaluation disclosed a fourth cancer on first duodenum. The second kindred shows over three generations 11 cancer-affected individuals, three of them with double primary cancer: breast and sigmoid, breast and endometrium, colon and Hodgkin disease. This pedigree includes 8 colorectal neoplasms occurring at 47 years of mean age. These findings are consistent with the cancer-family syndrome and hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer described by Henry Lynch upon four criteria: high frequency of adenocarcinoma, excess of multiple primary malignancies, synchronous or metachronous, early age of onset of cancer and autosomal dominant inheritance. Moreover the hereditary colon cancer is usually localised to the proximal colon, not associated to polyposis coli and allows a prolonged survival. Up to day such families are only identified by pedigree data. The identification of a cancer-prone family calls for an active follow-up of relatives putatively at risk starting at the age of 15 to 20.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Autochthonous Plasmodium falciparum malaria and the malarial liver].

When P. falciparum malaria is diagnosed in France in a patient who has not travelled to an endemic area, transmission by blood transfusion or direct contact with an infected person, and indigenous malaria should be considered. With reference to the observation reported in this paper, the manifestations of malarial hepatitis are recalled and their diagnostic significance is discussed. In P. falciparum malaria, malarial hepatitis indicates the development of a complete cycle including the pre-erythrocytic phase; this is strongly in support of indigenous malaria, and against malaria following blood transfusion or direct contact in which there is no pre-erythrocytic phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Role of Clostridium and its toxin in pseudo-membranous colitis (author's transl)].

At present many authors consider that pseudo-membranous colitis is of bacterial origin. The main pathogenic agent is Clostridium difficile. It is not easy to isolate this organism in the stool, selective media are under study. It liberates a lipo-glycoprotein exotoxin during lysis. It is only partially purified, its structure is not fully elucidated. Its molecular weight is not yet precisely determined. It consists of several polymerised polypeptide fragments of molecular weight 50 000. It is a thermolabile acid and alkaline sensitive cytotoxin which acts on the cell membranes and the ileo-caeco-colonic mucosa of man and animals. Clostridium difficile is transmissible by a small number of high risk carrier subjects who are potentially patients with pseudo-membranous colitis. Antibiotic therapy may lead to unbalance of the ecosystem represented by the bacterial flora of the digestive tract and favour the multiplication of a resistant strain to the administered antibiotic. The appearance of pseudo-membranous colitis requires the association of sufficient bacterial development (equal or greater than 10(7) germs per gram of stools) and the liberation of a cytotoxin. The pathogenic treatment consists of antibiotic therapy by Vancomycin or Metronidazole which seems, at present, the most active on the germs and a toxin absorbent, such as Cholestyramine, Coliptol hydrochloride or Heavy metals.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Lack of a significant protective effect of augmented circulating glucose on the ischemic myocardium.

This was a 60 year old woman, with a very large retro-pharyngeal tumour, mainly situated on the right, revealed by chronic decompensated respiratory failure. Admission to hospital was justified by deep coma with cyanosis of the face and extremities. She had taken 50 mg of Oxazepam the day before admission to hospital. This coma was due to chronic respiratory failure decompensated, as suggested by clinical and laboratory examination after elimination of any traumatic, neurological, endocrine or metabolic disorder. Intubation, rendered difficult by the retro-pharyngeal tumour and assisted ventilation permitted recovery of normal consciousness within 48 hours. This bi-lobed and encapsulated tumor was completely removed after full radiological assessment which showed the absence of any bony lesions. Histology suggested that this was a benign lipoma. The course was very rapidly favourable with a definite improvement in respiratory function one year after the surgical operation.

Animals↗