Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Anderson.
A case of aspiration pneumonia due to incoordination of swallowing is described. Its aetiology lies in the myopathy of thyrotoxicosis and a tentative hypothesis as to its causation is suggested.
The effect of verapamil on glucose tolerance and insulin release in conscious, healthy dogs was studied at plasma drug concentrations which produce therapeutic cardiovascular effects. Plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin were measured serially in each animal for 90 min after an intravenous glucose challenge (400 mg/kg), both during a control study and again during administration of verapamil. The drug was given by infusion protocols to produce plasma concentrations at low (84 +/- 9 ng/ml), intermediate (161 +/- 30 ng/ml), and high (367 +/- 51 ng/ml) ranges. Insulin release was impaired and glucose levels elevated at both the intermediate and the high verapamil concentrations, and to a similar degree. The reduction in insulin release and subsequent increase in plasma glucose is a pharmacologic effect of verapamil which occurs at drug concentrations likely to be achieved during clinical use.
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The vinca alkaloid modification product, vindesine, presents closely related molecular structure to vincristine. Although there are differences in capacity to bind tubulin dimer and inability to inhibit growth of several experimental tumors, there is a significant degree of overlap. In the clinical tests to date, vindesine has been used in treatment of children with relapse of acute lymphocytic leukemia considered to be resistant to vincristine. The study presented here was designed to assess the degree of overlap between vincristine and vindesine. The conclusion was reached that there is clinical cross-resistance.
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The diagnosis of sarcoidosis, as with other intrathoracic lesions, remains a challenge to the clinician. An adequate history, a thorough physical examination, and the employment of various laboratory tests often establish the diagnosis. When a definitive diagnosis is not made, biopsy of suspected lesions is indicated. Various diagnostic procedures are presented and compared.
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The initial results from the Children's Cancer Study Group (CCSG) study on vindesine are the subject of this report. Vindesine was shown to be active in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in children in a phase-II clinical trial conducted by the CCSG. A phase-II trial is now in progress. The aim of this is to compare the use of vincristine and of vindesine with reference to induction rate, toxicity, and cross-resistance.
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It is important to have accurate information derived from basic data about geriatric patients, not only for clinical management but to anticipate changes in the demand for services and the taking of preventive action. A model is presented for computer-oriented analysis. The collection of data is designed to cover the specific physical, physiologic and social needs of the patients both in the hospital and in the community. It must also support effective action about these needs which involve not only usage of existing facilities but the planning of preventive measures and adjustment of the provision for care. In addition, it must support clinical research when necessary. Geriatric records have specific problems, not only those of the patient's identity and clinical data but also the maintenance of psychologic and social information so that the requirements for long-term care can be assessed. This type of record facilitates comparison between groups of patients and allows measurement of inter-hospital performance relating to medical care and the planning of social programs in the community. Such records furnish the background of a more detailed statistical analysis for indicating the direction of national policy. By this means the prevalence of medical, psychologic and social demand can be studied and various preventive actions taken, including the monitoring of geriatric facilities.