Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Amir

Publications and source records attributed to J Amir.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Variability in the functional activity of vaccine-induced antibody to Haemophilus influenzae type b.

Sera from 3 of 30 adults vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine (Hib PS) had poor complement-mediated bacterial activity despite the presence of anti-Hib PS antibody concentrations of 8.6 to 20.5 micrograms/mL. These "nonkiller" antibodies killed less than 0.4 log cfu/mL compared to greater than 3 logs with all but one of the other sera. To investigate the basis of this poor functional activity, we characterized in detail the IgG antibodies to Hib PS present in two of the nonkiller sera, and compared the results with two of the "killer" sera. The latter were selected based on comparable levels of total antibody to Hib PS. No consistent differences were found between the relative proportions of IgG or IgA antibody to total anti-Hib PS antibody, or the respective ratios of IgG1 to IgG2 antibody in the nonkiller and killer sera. IgG fractions, and IgG affinity purified antibody to Hib PS were prepared. When tested at 2 micrograms/mL of antibody, the IgG fractions from the two nonkiller sera had much lower bactericidal activity than the corresponding fractions from the killer sera (3 logs less killing), and the former also had lower complement-mediated opsonic activity (20 and 13% uptake by human PMN compared to 62 and 93%). These data show the striking variability in the functional activity of vaccine-induced antibody to Hib PS. Antibody functional activity is likely to be affected by a number of factors but one important variable appears to be avidity since the IgG anti-Hib PS antibody from the two nonkiller sera had 2- to 5-fold lower avidity than the IgG antibody from the two killer sera.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pathogenesis of hypocalcemia in neonatal polycythemia.

Hypocalcemia (HC) is a frequent complication of neonatal polycythemia (NP): 9.93% in the present study. Its pathogenesis is not clear. We suggest that one of the main pathogenetic explanation of HC in NP is the high level of phosphate significantly different (P less than 0.01) than serum phosphate of normal normocalcemic non-polycythemic newborns. The intense postnatal erythrocyte breakdown will increase the serum level of phosphate. This hyperphosphatemia will decrease calcium ion concentration by their combination and bone deposition, a process allowed by inadequate postnatal parathyroid gland response.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone as compared to 7-day amoxicillin therapy for acute otitis media in children. A double-blind clinical trial.

Fifty-two children (mean age 23 months) with acute otitis media were treated randomly with either a single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 50 mg/kg (27 patients) or 7 days of amoxicillin 12.5 mg/kg t.i.d. (25 patients). The rate of resolution of acute symptoms and incidence of recurrences and relapses during the first months after commencement of the therapy was similar in the two groups. One week following the start of treatment no difference was observed in the proportion of patients with tympanometric evidence of middle ear effusion (MEE) in either of the two groups. On day 30, however, significantly more patients from the ceftriaxone group had flat tympanograms-83% as compared to 47% in the amoxicillin group. Therefore, single-dose ceftriaxone therapy cannot be suggested at present as routine therapy for acute otitis, although it may be considered a reasonable alternative in noncompliant patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Fixed drug eruption of the penis due to co-trimoxazole.

Fixed eruption of the penis, due to co-trimoxazole, is described in two boys. The eruption was accompanied by severe swelling of the penis, urine retention, and pain during micturition. The migration inhibiting factor assay for co-trimoxazole was negative, but the mast cell degranulation test was strongly positive, suggesting reaginic hypersensitivity reaction.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Strawberry hemangioma in preterm infants.

Of 973 preterm infants, strawberry hemangioma was recorded in 124 during the first year of life, giving an overall frequency of 12.7%. Male:female ratio was 1:1.4. In 96 infants with birth weight below 1000 g, hemangioma occurred in 22 (22.9%), and in the group of very low-birth-weight infants (below 1500 g) the rate was 15.6%. Ninety-four infants had a single hemangioma and three had more than 10 lesions each. With one exception, no treatment was needed, as spontaneous involution started at age 5 to 12 months.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Retinopathy of prematurity: incidence and treatment.

The incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in infants with a birthweight less than or equal to 2500 g admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit between 1977 and 1983 was 20% of all survivors. There was a reciprocal relation between birthweight and the incidence of the disease, with an incidence of 68% in infants weighing less than or equal to 1000 g at birth. Cryotherapy of the avascular retina was performed if the acute disease progressed rapidly during stage 3 and the amount of fibrovascular proliferation was mild to moderate with signs of plus disease (presence of appreciable posterior pole vascular tortuosity and dilatation and the presence of engorgement of iris vessels). This method of treatment was performed in 4% of all survivors: in 26% of infants weighing less than or equal to 1000 g at birth and 5% of infants weighing 1001-1500 g. No infants had cicatricial disease greater than stage 2 on follow-up. The absence of any severe cicatricial disease or blindness in this large group of high risk infants suggests that when indicated and performed on the avascular retina cryotherapy may be an important method of treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma of the skin.

Three cases of circumscribed congenital smooth muscle hamartoma (CSMH) in the neonate are described, including typical characteristics and differential diagnosis. This condition is a clearly defined, distinct entity, separate from similar lesions that are considered in the differential diagnosis. It is possibly more common than is evident from the literature.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

Hepatorenal syndrome in neonates.

Two neonates with hepatorenal syndrome are described. In both infants, the syndrome was precipitated by ascitic aspiration. The main pathogenetic mechanisms are reviewed, and a plea is made to use caution when considering therapeutic manipulations in infants with liver disease in order to avoid the development of the hepatorenal syndrome.

Acute Kidney Injury↗