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J Allen

Publications and source records attributed to J Allen.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
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A time and a place.

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Aged↗
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Under pressure.

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Acute Disease↗
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New lives for old: lifestyle change initiatives among older adults.

In order to examine seniors' efforts to change their health practices, nearly all (N = 198) of the senior citizens who reside in the small rural town of Willsboro, New York were interviewed. Subjects were asked to describe their health change efforts of the prior year. Subjects also rated the success of a principal lifestyle change effort. The vast majority of these seniors (83%) reported having attempted one or more lifestyle change efforts. It was determined that a little less than one half (45%) of the key lifestyle changes were sustained for 6 months or more. The impact of social environment was assessed through measures of perceived social support and perceived health-related social norms. Self-report measures of health behavior, depression, memory loss, activity limitations, and socioeconomic status served as controls. Two structural equation models determined that social norms are related to both the number of lifestyle change attempts and to lifestyle change success. An interaction between norms help to determine whether social support is positively or negatively related to the number of lifestyle change attempts.

Aged↗
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Upregulation of adhesion complex proteins and fibronectin by human keratinocytes treated with an aqueous extract from the leaves of Chromolaena odorata (Eupolin).

The fresh leaves and extract of the plant Chromolaena odorata are a traditional herbal treatment in developing countries for burns, soft tissue wounds and skin infections. We have previously shown that the extract had an effect on the growth and proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in culture. This study has demonstrated that Eupolin extract increased expression of several components of the adhesion complex and fibronectin by human keratinocytes. Using indirect immunofluorescence we found increased expression (dose-dependent) of laminin 5, laminin 1, collagen IV, and fibronectin. The expression of the b1 and b4 integrins was upregulated by the extract at low concentrations (0.1 and 1 microg/ml), but the expression was decreased at higher doses of Eupolin (10 microg-150 microg/ml). A number of clinical studies carried out by Vietnamese and international medical investigators have demonstrated the efficacy of this extract on the wound healing process. In this study we have shown that Eupolin stimulated the expression of many proteins of the adhesion complex and fibronectin by human keratinocytes. The adhesion complex proteins are essential to stabilise epithelium and this effect could contribute to the clinical efficacy of Eupolin in healing.

Cell Adhesion↗
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Optimal management of dyslipidemia in women and men.

Relatively few studies have examined the clinical effectiveness of cholesterol-lowering drugs in women as compared with men. Most clinical trials do indicate that cholesterol lowering reduces clinical events equally effectively in both genders. However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels may have more prognostic significance in women. The recent finding of a higher risk of death in younger women as compared with younger men who sustain a heart attack, combined with the high proportion of morbidity and mortality due to CHD in older women, emphasizes the need for a better understanding of heart disease in women. This review explores the similarities and differences between women and men regarding the management of dyslipidemia.

Aged↗
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Caring for Julie.

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Adult↗
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Dirty linen.

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Cross Infection↗
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Stimulation of progressor and regressor chicken leukocytes with Con A, PHA-P, and Rous sarcoma tumor antigens.

Progressor (Pr) and regressor (R) chickens from the University of Arkansas lines were used as leukocyte donors. Peripheral blood leukocytes were stimulated with two mitogens, concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P). Both Pr and R leukocytes displayed the same Con A-stimulated dose dependency on blastogenesis. The regressor leukocytes were stimulated more than the progressor leukocytes at high concentrations of PHA-P. There did not appear to be any correlation between the response of individual chickens to mitogens and their ability to regress a Rous sarcoma. We concluded that the R-Rs-1 gene, which controls the animal's response to Rous sarcoma, and the Con A and PHA-P response genes are probably located at different loci in the chicken genome. Mitogen-induced blastogenesis does not appear to be a useful index to predict regression response in the chicken. Under our experimental conditions, regressor leukocytes showed a sensitization to sarcoma antigens, but the progressor leukocytes did not. The data suggest that the R-Rs-1 gene does not confer a generally enhanced immune status to the chicken but acts as an Ir response gene to augment the immune response to specific antigens.

Animals↗
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Weekend college.

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Curriculum↗
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Skin burns from electrosurgical current.

At 34 skin sites on anesthetized pigs, graded levels of average electrosurgical current density, J (A/cm2), at 500 kHz were delivered for specified times (t sec) to cause thermal injury. The severity of cutaneous response was determined by gross and microscopic study 56 hours later. The product J2t has been defined as the relative energy density factor, and is proportional to the delivered energy that determines skin heating. Nine of 10 sites that received low energy density factor exposure (J2t = 0.20-0.70 A2/cm4.sec-1) exhibited maximum skin temperatures of 38-47 degrees C beneath the electrodes, and subsequently has either no damage or as mild second-degree burn lying just beyond the electrode contact zone. At 9 of 11 sites exposed to a medium energy density factor (J2t = 0.70-1.60), the maximum skin temperatures below the electrodes were between 49 and 55 degrees C, with single or multiple rings of second-degree burns located just inside or beyond the rim of the electrode. At all 13 sites exposed to high energy density (J2t = 1.60-7.50), the maximum skin temperatures beneath the electrodes were 55-81 degrees C, and severe burns were produced with white to brownish, dry, firm, third-degree burns surrounded by peripheral rings of second-degree burns. No significant skin damage was produced with skin temperatures less than 45 degrees C (an energy density factor of 0.75). These data identify the temperature and energy density factor necessary to produce lesions on porcine skin.

Animals↗