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Biomedical subjects

J Ahovuo

Publications and source records attributed to J Ahovuo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Wire-guided biopsies of nonpalpable breast lesions.

The purpose of this study was to review the results of mammographic wire-guided biopsies of nonpalpable breast lesions and the features of the lesions in the preoperative examinations. Sixty women, mean age 50.2 years (range 31 to 74), underwent a wire-guided biopsy of the lesion. Twenty-nine patients had preoperative fine needle aspiration of the lesion. The radiographic diagnosis was correct in 33 patients (55%); 25 had breast cancer and 8 patients had a benign lesion. In 9 of the 14 patients with clustered microcalcifications in mammography and in 13 of the 15 patients with a mass noted in mammography, the cytological examination was correct. Nonpalpable mammographic masses with regular borders and normal fine needle aspiration examination do not require biopsy. In malignant mammographic appearances associated with a normal fine needle aspiration examination, biopsy of the lesion should always be done.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Shoulder arthrography with sodium meglumine metrizoate and iopamidol.

The purpose of this study was to analyze arthrographic imaging of the structures of the shoulder joint when using either sodium meglumine metrizoate or iopamidol as a contrast medium. Two hundred and ten patients underwent single-contrast shoulder arthrography. In patients with a full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff, both contrast agents reliably revealed this lesion. However, in patients with a full-thickness rotator cuff tear, the biceps tendon could be demonstrated more readily with iopamidol, which is a non-ionic contrast medium.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonography of the tendons of the shoulder.

The purpose of the present study was to compare ultrasonographic signs with macroscopic and histological findings in lesions of the rotator cuff and the biceps tendon. Twenty-six shoulder joints from 10 male and 3 female cadavers, ranging in age from 40 to 89 years (mean 65.9), were examined with a linear array real-time ultrasonographic scanner provided with a 7.5 MHz transducer. Arthrotomy and histological preparations were made after ultrasonography. Thinning and discontinuity of echogenic homogenicity of the tendons of the rotator cuff were the most reliable ultrasonographic signs of a total tear of the tendon, but focal hyper- and hypo-echogenic changes of the tendons of the rotator cuff were unreliable criteria. Partial tears of the rotator cuff were difficult to determine with static ultrasonograms. Ultrasonography readily revealed discontinuity of echogenic homogenicity of the biceps tendon as a sign of a rupture of the tendon, which was commonly associated with rotator cuff tears.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Double contrast barium meal and acetylcysteine.

In a prospective double blind study, acetylcysteine, a local and systemic respiratory tract mucolytic agent, or a placebo, were given to 100 patients prior to a double contrast barium meal to decrease the gastric mucus viscosity and to make the mucus layer thinner, in order to permit barium to outline the furrows surrounding the areae gastricae instead of the overlying thick mucus. However, acetylcysteine failed to improve either visualization of the areae gastricae or the general quality of the double contrast barium meal.

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1989

Omnipaque and Gastrografin in gastrointestinal follow-through examinations.

The non-ionic low-osmolar contrast medium Omnipaque was compared with the conventional ionic high-osmolar contrast medium Gastrografin in a randomized, double blind study comprising 71 consecutive gastrointestinal follow-through examinations performed because of suspected ileus or anastomosis control. The patients' reaction were confined to nausea, emesis and diarrhoe being very similar in both groups and related to the patients' illnesses. The taste of Gastrografin was more often judged unpleasant, but the difference was not significant. Omniplaque scored significantly better for contrast medium density and diagnostic visualisation in the small bowel, otherwise the differences were negligible. There were no significant differences in the transit time into the caecum. The high price of Omnipaque restricts its routine use. It may be diagnostically indicated in selected cases where greater accuracy in the delineation of pathologic anatomical details in the small bowel is desired.

Diatrizoate Meglumine↗
PubMed1988

Arthrotomography of the unstable shoulder.

Thirty-seven patients suffering from clinically verified subluxation of the shoulder joint underwent double-contrast arthrotomography. Sixteen of these patients were operated on, 4 of whom after arthroscopy, and 1 patient had only arthroscopy. Arthrotomography readily revealed lesions of the glenoid labrum, most of them small, and also redundancy of the anterior joint capsule. The method can be recommended in the examination of the glenoid labrum in patients suffering from anterior subluxation of the shoulder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Arthrography of the biceps tendon.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors having an influence on the arthrographic imaging of the biceps tendon. The study comprised 174 patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain. They underwent conventional shoulder arthrography with sodium meglumine metrizoate or metrizamide as a contrast medium. In the patients with a full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff, the biceps tendon sheath failed to fill with contrast medium more often than in those with an intact tendinous cuff. Metrizamide filled the biceps tendon sheath more readily than sodium meglumine metrizoate in patients with a full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff. The volume of the contrast medium injected had no influence on the imaging of the biceps tendon.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1988

Surgical repair of the rotator cuff and surrounding tissues. Factors influencing the results.

The surgical pathology and clinical results of 78 reconstructions of chronic rotator cuff tears were reviewed retrospectively. The predominant complaint preoperatively was chronic pain with impaired shoulder function, resistant to repeated conservative treatment. Results according to a functional assessment were excellent or satisfactory in 71% of the patients, unsatisfactory in 12%, and failed in 17%. Relief of pain including night pain and pain with activity was obtained. Surgery should include a thorough exploration of the rotator cuff and the adjacent tissues. Accompanying problems, including biceps tendon disorders or impingement factors, must be recognized and treated at the time of the reconstruction procedure. Repair of the torn rotator cuff and treatment of concomitant lesions are effective operative procedures when symptoms are persistent and fail to respond to conservative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Diagnostic value of sonography in lesions of the biceps tendon.

Lesions of the biceps tendon have been studied with plain radiographs and arthrograms of the intertubercular groove. Sometimes, however, especially when the rotator cuff has a full-thickness tear anteriorly, the sheath of the biceps tendon fails to fill with contrast medium, thus preventing diagnosis of dislocation of the tendon. To solve this problem the authors have tried sonography of the biceps tendon. The suitability of sonography for examining the intertubercular groove and the biceps tendon was assessed in ten volunteers. Thirty patients with chronic shoulder pain were subsequently studied by radiography, arthrography, and sonography. The observations made with these examinations were compared, and in 21 of the patients who were treated by operation with the surgical observations as well. Sonography seemed to provide accurate information about the configuration of the intertubercular groove and the position of the biceps tendon. The technique could be used to show dislocation of the tendon in cases in which the tendon sheath is not visualized in arthrography. Tenderness and the site of this in relation to the anterior upper end of the humerus could also be verified with sonography.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Radiographic diagnosis of biceps tendinitis.

The radiographic findings and arthrographic image of the intertubercular groove and the biceps tendon were analysed in 143 patients with chronic shoulder pain. Forty-eight patients had been operated on, and of these 33 had tendinitis, caused by attrition in a narrow intertubercular groove in 17 cases, by medial dislocation of the biceps tendon in 11 cases, and by impingement associated with rupture of the rotator cuff in five cases. Plain radiographs revealed degenerative changes in the walls of the groove in half of the patients with biceps tendinitis. A shallow groove was seen in cases of medial dislocation of the biceps tendon, but also in many with a normal tendon. The arthrogram, however, showed whether a shallow groove was associated with dislocation of the tendon. In patients with attrition tendinitis the groove had a depth of 4.8 mm or more or an inclination of the medial wall of 58 degrees or more. Radiographic measurements of the dimensions of the intertubercular groove may provide valuable information on the state of the biceps tendon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Radiographic anatomy of the intertubercular groove of the humerus.

Disturbances of the gliding mechanism of the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii in the intertubercular groove have been suggested as a cause of shoulder pain. The purpose of this paper was to find a standard radiographic view for measurements of the intertubercular groove of the human humeral head. The effect of the direction of the X-ray beam on the image of the groove was studied in cadaver specimens. A standardized optimal X-ray beam direction was subsequently used in a clinical study on 30 patients. In all the patients the groove could be delineated and the depth, width and slope of the medial wall measured. The width and depth of the groove was neither significantly correlated to the size of the humeral head nor the sex. The slope of the medial wall varied from 18 to 71 degrees (mean 48.1 +/- SD 10.7 degrees).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The diagnostic value of arthrography and plain radiography in rotator cuff tears.

In 26 patients with surgically verified rotator cuff tears, the findings at radiography and arthrography were analysed. Plain anteroposterior radiograms were of no value in diagnosis. In plain groove-films, the slope of the medial wall and the depth of the intertubercular groove correlated with dislocations of the biceps tendon. In arthrography, leakage of the contrast medium into the subacromial or subdeltoid bursa was a reliable sign of a full-thickness tear. There was no correlation between the size of the tear measured at arthrography and at surgery. In cases where the biceps tendon sheath was visualised, the appearance was in agreement with the surgical findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. Results of Eden-Hybbinette and Putti-Platt operations.

The results of surgery in 74 cases of recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder are reported. The procedures used were Eden-Hybbinette (E-H) in 48 cases and Putti-Platt (P-P) in 26 cases. The recurrence rate in the 62 shoulder joints re-examined some 4 years postoperatively was 3/41 in E-H cases and 3/21 in P-P cases. The clinical results were excellent in 46 cases, satisfactory in 11, unsatisfactory in four and poor in one case without notable difference between the methods. A restriction of the outward rotation of more than 10 degrees could be observed in half the cases regardless of method. Radiographically, the Bankart lesion of the glenoid rim could be observed in two-thirds of the cases and osteoarthrosis of the glenohumeral joint was evident in one tenth. The transplanted bone block used in the E-H reconstruction was still in position in the majority but some degree of resorption could usually be observed. These observations did not correlate with the clinical results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Single and double contrast arthrography in lesions of the glenohumeral joint.

One hundred and forty-five arthrograms from single and double contrast arthrography were compared with respect to their accuracy in revealing lesions of the glenohumeral joint. Total and partial rotator cuff tears were accurately delineated by both single and double contrast arthrography. The size of the tear did not correlate with surgical findings with either technique. The volume of the injected contrast medium was larger in full-thickness rotator cuff tears than in normal arthrograms (p less than 0.001; t test). As expected, this volume was not correlated with the size of the tear. Dislocation of the biceps tendon was well imaged if the biceps sheath was filled with contrast medium. The sheath became filled less frequently in total rotator cuff tears than in cases with an intact cuff (p less than 0.001; X2 test). No difference in filling frequency of the sheath could be observed between single and double contrast arthrography. This study did not reveal any major advantages of double contrast arthrography over single contrast examinations in lesions of the rotator cuff and those of the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonography in lesions of the rotator cuff and biceps tendon.

Ultrasonography (US) of the shoulder joint was performed in 88 patients, 15 of whom were referred for surgery. US was made with a real-time linear-array scanner, provided with a transducer of 7.5 MHz. Subsequently, all patients underwent single-contrast arthrography of the shoulder. When compared with the arthrographic findings, diagnosis by US showed 21 true positive, 3 false positive, 57 true negative and 7 false negative cases of a full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff. Small tears (2 cm or less in diameter) may be the most difficult to assess. US readily revealed biceps tendinitis and rupture of the biceps tendon, as well as fluid collection in the bursae above the rotator cuff tendons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fractures of the proximal humerus involving the intertubercular groove.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the involvement of the gliding surface of the biceps tendon in fractures of the proximal humerus. Fifteen patients had a fracture of the proximal humerus verified with antero-posterior and axillary radiographs. Tangential radiographs of the intertubercular groove, obtained from the shoulder joint, showed involvement of the intertubercular groove in 13 patients (87%), which could not be shown with other projections. Groove radiographs revealed in 3 patients a dislocation of the fragments of the greater tuberosity large enough to require surgical treatment, but which had not been found using conventional techniques. Therefore, a groove radiograph should be used to precise fractures of the proximal humerus.

Adult↗