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Biomedical subjects

J Adams

Publications and source records attributed to J Adams.

576 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonic vocalizations as diagnostic tools in studies of developmental toxicity: an investigation of the effects of prenatal treatment with methylmercuric chloride.

Ultrasonic vocalizations were recorded during two tasks from four groups of neonatal CD rat pups. Groups 0, 2, 4 and 6 were the offspring from pregnant dams treated with 0, 2, 4 or 6 mg/kg methylmercuric chloride by gavage on gestation day 7. On the day of birth, Day 1, litters were randomly culled to 8 pups (4 males, 4 females). The pups were weighed on Days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 30, and no weight differences due to treatment were observed. At 5, 7, 9 and 11 days of age, ultrasonic vocalizations were recorded from the animals for 1 minute. Individual animals were placed in a small test chamber containing either soiled home cage bedding or clean bedding material. Half of the pups in each litter were tested in each "odor" condition, and the rate and duration of the vocalizations were measured for 1 minute. On days 8 and 9, pups were tested on a negative geotaxis incline during which time vocalizations were recorded. In both the "odor" and negative geotaxis tests, methylmercuric chloride affected vocalization rates in a nonlinear dose-response fashion. Regardless of treatment group, the pups vocalized at a higher rate and for a longer duration in the clean than in the soiled bedding test condition. These data showed the variability of the ultrasonic vocalization responses to be smallest for the animals tested at 11 days of age in the clean bedding condition. The results of this study suggest that the value of ultrasonic calls as dependent measures of toxicity may be strengthened by the use of multiple stimulus conditions in order to elicit a graded response pattern. This would facilitate the interpretation of potential nonlinear dose-response effects.

Age Factors↗
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Nursing centers: service as a business.

In 1988 The University of Texas Houston Health Science Center School of Nursing embarked on the task of developing a nursing center (UTNS). Today the organization is in excellent financial health and its patient population continues to grow. The UTNS model can help nursing centers move forward as a prototype of primary health care delivery.

Commerce↗
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Career development. Opportunity 2000.

Opportunity 2000 is an initiative designed to increase the role of women in the workforce and to promote equal opportunities in the workplace. The NHS Management Executive has set up a women's unit to put Opportunity 2000 into practice and to develop more 'women-friendly' working practices. The unit has produced a good practice handbook. The article discusses the eight goals produced by the NHSME to be achieved by health authorities and trusts by this year.

Career Mobility↗
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The nurse as exemplar: smoking status as a predictor of attitude toward smoking and smoking cessation.

The smoking behavior of oncology nurses is of particular concern, not only because of the personal risk, but also because of the negative influence the behavior may have on the public. A survey of 316 female oncology nurses in Texas was conducted to assess smoking prevalence in this sample and the manner in which smoking status impacts the attitudes of these nurses toward their roles as exemplars and advocates for nonsmoking. The prevalence of smoking in this sample of oncology nurses was 7%, with an additional 26.2% being ex-smokers, supporting a downward trend in smoking among oncology nurses. Differences among oncology nurses who were smokers, ex-smokers, or nonsmokers concerning their attitudes toward smoking were investigated. Nonsmokers and ex-smokers showed a more positive attitude toward their roles as exemplars and in counseling the public about the health hazards of smoking.

Adult↗
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Effect of kangaroo care on sleep time for neonates.

PURPOSE: To determine the change in behavioral state and physiologic parameters due to Kangaroo Care (K Care). METHOD: A quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest with neonates serving as their own controls for 4 episodes of 1 hour each: Pre K Care, K Care and Post K Care. Twenty neonate-parent dyads participated. RespiTrace PT Non-invasive Monitoring system was used to record heart and respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. Behavioral state was derived from analyzing RespiTrace PT cardiorespiratory data as well as observation criteria. FINDINGS: There was a significant increase in sleep time for the neonates during K Care as compared to when they were not receiving K Care. The neonates exhibited less agitation, apnea, and bradycardia episodes and maintained stable oxygen saturation during K Care. CONCLUSION: K Care is safe even for very small neonates and is well tolerated. The stability of the preterm infants receiving K Care documents the need to incorporate it into standards of care.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing and gerontology: a marriage of minds.

John Adams reports on a quiet revolution in educational support for nurses specialising in the care of older people as nursing aligns itself decisively with the rapidly expanding academic discipline of social gerontology. And for those new to the field, he offers ideas on where to access information.

Aged↗