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Biomedical subjects

J A Wilkerson

Publications and source records attributed to J A Wilkerson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Rabies update.

Despite its relative rarity in industrialized countries, rabies continues to cause significant mortality worldwide with annual deaths estimated at over a hundred thousand. Recent epizootics in wild animals in the United States have renewed fears of rabies in this country. Additionally, nucleotide analysis to determine the source species for human rabies infections has led to new recommendations regarding exposure to bats. Fortunately, excellent human and animal vaccines are available and the development of new cell culture vaccines should help ease the current vaccine shortages. Travelers to developing countries should consider preexposure vaccination to avoid difficulties obtaining rabies immune globulin, which is in short supply worldwide, for postexposure prophylaxis should an exposure occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Inhalation of volatile substances: an emerging threat to readiness?

Volatile substance abuse is the deliberate inhalation of volatile substances to achieve intoxication. We discuss the history and pathophysiological effects of commonly abused volatile substances. We explore three deaths and one serious accident in active duty military settings. The causes for abuse in the military environment are numerous and include remote duty, peer influence, low cost, rapid onset, limitation of ethanol use, difficult detection/screening for use, and lack of knowledge among users and authorities. The lethality of these substances and their casual use can constitute a threat to military readiness. Our experience suggests an increase in the use of these substances in the military paralleling their increasing use in the general population. Education and awareness training could limit fatalities and decrease the threat in military and civilian populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemistry of the blood group A,B,H isoantigens and Oxford Ca antigen as prognostic markers for stage IB squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Currently, there is lack of a histologic classification of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix that correlates significantly with patient survival. This study investigated the survival predictive value of two immunohistochemical markers, the blood group A,B,H isoantigens and the Oxford Ca antigen, on conventional histologic sections of tumor tissues from 85 surgically treated patients with Stage IB squamous cell cervical cancer. The results indicated that the two antigens are two distinct markers, neither of which correlates with tumor grade. The expression of the A,B,H isoantigens is significantly related to patient survival after adjustment for the depth of stromal invasion of the tumor, whereas the Oxford Ca antigen has no survival predictive value.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

Lymph node metastasis in cancer of the cervix: a preliminary report.

Accurate assessment of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer is imperative to treatment plan. A histologic sampling method is suggested in which surgically excised lymph nodes are dissected at multiple levels before paraffin embedding. This approach proves to be a more sensitive procedure than the current bisection method in detecting metastasis.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Myelolipoma of the liver.

A case of hepatic myelolipoma is described, including the angiographic and computed tomographic appearance. Only three such cases have been reported previously.

Female↗
PubMed1981

A plea for clarity.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗
PubMed1981

Glandular inclusions in lymph nodes. The problem of extensive involvement and relationship to salpingitis.

Para-aortic and pelvic lymph nodes surgically removed from 50 female patients were examined for glandular inclusions. The findings were correlated with fallopian tube changes in patients whose lymph nodes were found to contain inclusions. Seven of the 50 patients had lymph node glandular inclusions; in six, the inclusions were located primarily in the cortical or capsular regions and were few in number. Of these six patients, four had acute or chronic salpingitis. The seventh patient had exuberant lymph node glandular inclusions initially interpreted as metastatic adenocarcinoma and salpingitis isthmica nodosa. This patient is discussed in detail. The association of lymph node glandular inclusions with salpingitis has been reported twice previously; one of these two patients had salpingitis isthmica nodosa. These findings suggest a definite relationship between tubal disease lymph node glandular inclusions. The rare exuberant form of glandular inclusions is benign and should not be confused with adenocarcinoma. It appears definitely associated with salpingitis isthmica nodosa. We suggest two different mechanisms for the pathogenesis of these inclusions. The first is "benign metastasis" from the proliferating tubal epithelium to the draining lymph nodes. The second is a proliferative stimulus responsible for salpingitis isthmica nodosa which also acts on preexisting glandular inclusions to produce the extensive nodal lesion.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1980

The prognostic significance of ulceration of cutaneous melanoma.

Ulceration of a cutaneous melanoma on microscopic sections is an adverse prognostic finding. The five-year survival rate is reduced from 80% for non-ulcerated melanomas to 55% in the presence of ulceration for Stage I melanoma patients and from 53 to 12% for Stage II melanoma patients (P less than 0.001). As a group, ulcerated lesions are thicker and more likely to have a nodular growth pattern. However, survival rates were still worse for ulcerated melanomas when matched with nonulcerated lesions for thickness and stage of disease. The width but not the depth of surface ulceration significantly correlated with survival. The median ulcer depth was 0.08 mm (range 0.01-1.2 mm). In those few lesions with ulcer craters more than 0.2 mm in depth, the melanomas were so thick they had the same poor prognosis regardless of whether thickness was measured to the base of the ulcer or to the top of the lesion. The Breslow microstaging method of measuring thickness is therefore a valid prognostic indicator, even for ulcerated lesions. The incidence of ulceration for the entire patient group ranged from 12.5% for melanomas less than 0.76 mm thickness to 72.5% for melanomas greater than 4.0 mm thick (P of correlation = 0.0001); from 12% for Level II invasion to 63% for Level V lesions (P = 0.005); from 23% for superficial spreading growth patterns to 49% for nodular and 74% for polypoid lesions (P = 0.0001); and from 27% for lesions with a heavy lymphocyte infiltration to 60% for minimal or absent host response (P = 0.005). There was no significant correlation with anatomic location, pigmentation of the melanomas, or with the patient's age and sex. Since ulceration appears to have such an important influence on survival rates, this parameter should be considered as a stratification criterion in clinical trials and accounted for when analyzing results of melanoma treatment.

Adult↗