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Biomedical subjects

J A Roth

Publications and source records attributed to J A Roth.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Restoration of immunocompetency by lymphocyte transfusion.

A female patient with metastatic osteosarcoma was given a lymphocyte transfusion from her brother, cured of the same histologic type of tumor ten years earlier. Prior to the transfusion the patient was anergic. Following lymphocyte transfer cutaneous reactivity to DNCB was restored. Skin reactivity to mumps and varidase antigens was specifically transferred. Whole lymphocyte transfer is a feasible method for restoring immune competence in the anergic cancer patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effect of bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy on tumor antigen-induced lymphocyte-stimulated protein synthesis in melanoma patients.

Changes in in vitro lymphocyte-stimulation protein synthesis (SPS) of 40 melanoma patients following incubation with 3M KCl extracts of allogenic melanoma, lung carcinoma, and sarcoma antigens and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were quantitated by measuring H-3-leucine uptake. One of eleven "untreated" melanoma patients stimulated significantly to the melanoma antigen. However, this lymphocyte response was not significantly different from that of the normal subjects. Patients who received systemic bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) by the tine technique for 3 months and for 6 months had significant increase in lymphocyte protein synthesis following incubation with melanoma antigen. There were no significant differences in PHA responses between the "untreated" melanoma patients and the BCG-treated group. Testing of serial lymphocyte samples from nine melanoma patients before treatment and at monthly intervals thereafter confirmed these observations. Furthermore, no change in serial complement-fixing antibody titers to melanoma antigen was noted in the BCG-treated patients. These results demonstrated that in vitro lymphocyte responses to melanoma antigen may be augmented by BCG therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to melanoma antigen.

Soluble melanoma antigens were prepared by 3M KCl extraction. These antigens were tested by delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions (DCHR) in 52 patients. Maximum reactivity was noted at 24 hours. DCHR was greater than or equal to 10 mm. of induration in 20 of 34 melanoma patients whereas only three reacted to an autologous muscle extract. Five of 18 patients with other tumors reacted to this antigen. The availability of soluble tumor antigens now permits further purification, chemical characterization, and clinical evaluation of these antigens.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Multiple forms of amine oxidase in perfused rabbit lung.

The biogenic monoamines, phenylethylamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine are rapidly and extensively deaminated when perfused in Krebs' solution through rabbit lung. Deamination of phenylethylamine is inhibited approximately 70% by 10(-5) M pargyline and 30% by 10(-3) M semicarbazide. Deamination of this monoamine is unaffected by 10(-6) M harmaline whereas deamination of 5-hydroxytryptamine is inhibited about 75%. These data indicate that the intact perfused rabbit lung contains three forms of amine oxidase two of which are analogous to the A and B forms of the mitochondrial enzyme, monoamine oxidase described previously only in broken cell preparations of lung and other tissues. The third form of amine oxidase is similar to the enzyme found in plasma and several large arteries. Since uptake and metabolism of these amines, as well as loss of their deaminated metabolites, occurs very rapidly, it is suggested that all these forms of monoamine oxidase are associated with vascular endothelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lymphocyte responses of lung cancer patients to tumor-associated antigen measured by leucine incorporation.

Lymphocyte responses to lung carcinoma-associated antigens were assessed by measuring 3H-leucine incorporation in 20 lung cancer patients, 37 patients with other neoplasms, and 20 normal subjects. Antigens were prepared from 9 lung carcinomas by means of 3M KCl extraction. Fifteen of 20 lung cancer patients showed increased leucine incorporation to one or more tumor antigens, whereas only 5 of 20 normal subjects responded. Lymphocyte responses to both autologous and allogeneic tumor extracts were observed. Eighteen lung cancer patients were tested with the most reactive antigen and 13 responded. Seven of 37 patients with other neoplasms and 2 of 18 normal subjects reacted to this antigen. Significantly more lung cancer patients reacted to the tumor extract than to an extract of uninvolved lung from the same patient. The reactivity of lymphocytes from lung cancer patients clinically free of disease was significantly greater than that of patients with disseminated disease. Extraction of lung carcinomas with 3M KCl is a useful technique for solubilizing tumor-associated antigens (TAA). Antigenic activity may be followed in vitro by measuring lymphocyte 3H-leucine incorporation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Effects on cancer patients of leukapheresis with the continuous-flow blood cell separator. I. Hematologic and immunologic parameters in vivo.

A study was undertaken to investigate the hematologic and in vivo immunologic effects of leukapheresis of from 2 X 10(9) to 1.6 X 10(10) peripheral blood lymphocytes from 9 cancer patients and 13 normal donors on the blood cell separator. The same parameters were measured in 10 individuals who did not undergo leukapheresis and 4 individuals who underwent sham leukapheresis. Studies were performed immediately prior to and following leukapheresis and at 4 hours, 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days following leukapheresis. There was a transient decline in blood lymphocyte pool (BLP) of the normal donors which returned to preleukapheresis values within 72 hours. Six of 13 normal donors and 2 of 9 cancer patients had a fall in blood lymphocyte count which was below the lower limit of the range of change in control donors immediately following leukapheresis, but all returned to control range within 24 hours. Five cancer patients had increases in lymphocyte count. DNCB reactivity and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to common recall antigens were performed 2 weeks before, immediately before, and after leukapheresis, at 7 days and at 4 to 6 weeks following leukapheresis. There were no differences in skin test reactivity between groups. No clinical exacerbations of malignant disease occurred which might be construed to be due to leukapheresis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effects on cancer patients of leukapheresis with the continuous-flow blood cell separator. II. Immunologic parameters in vitro.

The immunologic effects of leukapheresis on cancer patients and three other groups of donors using the continuous-flow blood cell separator are presented according to the protocol described in the preceding article. Transient declines were noted in per cent T-lymphocytes of some, but not all, leukapheresed normal donors and cancer patients. These declines were comparable to the small declines observed in sham donors and the fluctuations in per cent T-lymphocytes noted in individuals who did not undergo leukapheresis. There were no changes in lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity to a melanoma cell line in 2 of 4 melanoma patients, while values in 2 patients fell by about one-half within 4 hours and returned to preleukapheresis levels by 24 hours. Release of macrophage migration inhibition factor by lymphocytes from all 4 cancer patients and 4 normal donors, in whom this parameter was studied, fell transiently and returned to preleukaphresis levels within 24 hours. Blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from cancer patients and normal donors to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and in one way mixed lymphocyte reactions increased in several individuals and decreased slightly in others. There appears to be no significant immunosuppressive effects (within the parameters studied) of a single leukapheresis for lymphocytes on the blood cell separator, since changes in lymphocyte parameters were relatively minor, transient, and variable and, where studied, paralleled fluctuations observed in sham donors and individuals not undergoing leukapheresis.

Antibody Formation↗