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J A Mainetti

Publications and source records attributed to J A Mainetti.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Confidentiality in medical oaths: (When the white crow becomes gray...)].

Confidentiality, together with the ethical principles of beneficence and non-maleficence, is the most important rule in Medical Oaths at the present time. However, the scientific-technical advances in medicine have made this rule one of the most controversial ones because of its exceptions. In consequence, the aim of the present paper is to comparatively analyze the rule of confidentiality in Medical Oaths of different places, times, origins and in different versions of the Hippocratic Oath in order to determine what should be kept a secret and with what degree of commitment (absolute or "prima facie"). Of the thirty six analyzed Oaths, twenty-seven manifest this rule and nine do not. No relation was found between the manifestation of this rule and the place, time, origin and different versions of the Hippocratic Oath. Most pledges suggest not to reveal what has been seen or heard during the medical act, the same as in the Hippocratic Oath. Seven texts point out that confidentiality should be absolute and four give exceptions in connection with beneficence and justice principles and the moral duty of causing no damage to third parties. Two pledges specify protection of privacy. In conclusion, today confidentiality is considered to be a moral duty for the benefit of the patient and out of consideration for his autonomy; however, at the present time in medicine the duty of keeping absolute secrecy is being reconsidered.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1996

In search of bioethics: a personal postscript.

De nobis ipsis silemus: About ourselves-we keep silent. If we violate this prudent rule by the least modest of literary exercises-the autobiography-we must be able to say that we do so to bear witness. From my intellectual vocation of physician and philosopher, I have received the Chinese blessing of "living in interesting times." I received two degrees in 1962 and spent thirty years developing a previously unimaginable encounter between medicine and humanism. That which follows tells the story of the development of bioethics in Ibero-America from the perspective of a testifying witness.

Argentina↗
PubMed1990

Hospital ethics committees.

The hospital ethics committee (HEC) is an entity that arose relatively recently, in the 1980s, in response to various concerns about how to choose the ethically correct path in dealing with a wide range of novel situations being brought about by the advances of medicine. This article recounts the hospital ethics committee's historical background, briefly defines its nature, describes the Argentine experience with it to the present, reviews existing guidelines for organizing and operating an HEC, and makes a number of recommendations designed to heighten awareness of the HEC's potential and promote its use.

Argentina↗
PubMed1982

[Not Available].

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France↗
PubMed1972

[Not Available].

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History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of the ethical principles of beneficence and no harm in medical oaths in relation with the Hippocratic one].

The principles of beneficence and no-maleficence, already set forth in the Hippocratic Oath, have been the foundation of medical ethics for the last twenty-five centuries. The principle of beneficence is currently maintained in most wordings of the pledges of medical schools of the United States, Canada and Argentina; it is not the same with the principle of non-maleficence. The aim of this paper is to determine whether these principles are described in medical oaths at different times. These principles did not remain in an oaths. Of twenty-nine analyzed texts, nine describe both principles simultaneously, eleven only mention beneficence; three only express non-maleficence, and six indicate neither of them. Most wordings that describe these principles are modifications of the Hippocratic Oath. Two contemporary wordings describe the achievement of the greatest benefit with minimum harm. Two current wording also subordinate the principle of beneficence to the principle of respect for the patient's autonomy, and eight wordings indicate not only patients' benefit in particular but that of society in general. It is not possible to ignore that it is no enough to fulfill only these two principles. Physicians should encourage the development of patients' responsibility in managing their own health and respect their autonomy.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hospital committees of ethics].

Hospital ethics committees have arisen in response to the serious moral dilemmas that are becoming increasingly prevalent in medical practice. This article outlines the historical development of such committees by reviewing some celebrated cases and also categorizes the committees as ethical-praxeological, legal-scientific, or deontological-technical, according to their functions and structure. In addition, a description is given of the establishment of interdisciplinary committees in several health institutions in Argentina that deal with teaching, research, and consultation related to decision-making involving moral questions; case study and clinical ethics protocols; analysis of the relationship between health professionals and patients; and other related topics. Finally, based on their own experience in this field and knowledge of models employed in other countries, the authors offer theoretical, methodological, and administrative recommendations for the establishment of ethics committees.

Argentina↗