Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J A Jarrett.
Milking system evaluation is facilitated by use of a pulsator recorder, airflow meter, and a vacuum stability gauge. The most important points of a milking system are vacuum, inflations, and pulsation. An evaluation sheet for milking systems as proposed by the National Mastitis Council is presented. Paramount to evaluation of any milking system is that the parameters must relate to milking performance or teat and udder health.
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a homodimeric polypeptide which can act, often in cooperation with other growth factors, as a mitogenic factor for a variety of cells. TGF-beta can also exert growth inhibitory activity on many other cell lines. We have isolated cDNAs coding for the murine TGF-beta cDNA precursor. The deduced amino acid sequence localizes the 112-amino acid long TGF-beta monomer to the C terminus of the precursor. Two areas of the precursor exhibit a marked degree of homology to the human counterpart. One of these regions comprises the mature TGF-beta monomer, while the other corresponds to the NH2 terminus of the precursor and suggests an important biological function for this area. Northern hybridization results identify a major 2.5-kilobase TGF-beta mRNA and several minor TGF-beta mRNA species.
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The environment provided for dairy cows should be designed and maintained so that cow comfort and sanitation are maximized and disease exposure is minimized. Too often, housing facilities are designed for the dairyman rather than for the cow. This factor can result in reduced cow comfort, which, in turn, leads to reduced performance. As stated previously, the environment should be designed to "keep them clean, dry, and comfortable."
No disease in dairy cattle is affected more by total management than is the level of mastitis. The maintenance of a sanitary, comfortable environment and the execution of proper milking procedures used with properly functioning milking machines are all important in reducing and maintaining a low level of new infection in a herd. When these items are executed properly, along with a successful dry-cow treatment program, mastitis can be maintained at a level that is no longer of economic importance.
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A chemically-synthesized gene and natural complementary DNA coding for human lymphotoxin were isolated and engineered for expression in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant lymphotoxin shows cytotoxic activity on murine and human tumour cell lines in vitro and causes necrosis of certain murine sarcomas in vivo.
The partial amino-acid sequence of purified human transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was used to identify a series of cDNA clones encoding the protein. The cDNA sequence indicates that the 112-amino acid monomeric form of the natural TGF-beta homodimer is derived proteolytically from a much longer precursor polypeptide which may be secreted. TGF-beta messenger RNA is synthesized in various normal and transformed cells.