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Biomedical subjects

J A Cottone

Publications and source records attributed to J A Cottone.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Prevalence of perforations in disposable latex gloves during routine dental treatment.

Durability of gloves with respect to reducing cross-contamination and decreasing the risk of occupationally acquired infections was studied. In this study, pinholes were found in 1.8% of unused surgical latex gloves and 2.0% of latex examination gloves. The incidence of pinhole defects in gloves emphasizes the importance of operative techniques that minimize stress to the glove and the need to change gloves, especially for procedures lasting more than 2 hours.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

Infection control in dental school radiology.

U.S. and Canadian dental schools were surveyed concerning infection control practices in dental radiology. The majority of respondents reported surface disinfection of intraoral projection operatories (55 percent) and panoramic operatories (61 percent) before or after each patient. The most frequently used surface disinfectant was iodophor. Most schools routinely disinfected the x-ray cone (89 percent) and tubehead (87 percent) of intraoral x-ray machines; however, many did not disinfect the control panel (44 percent) or the exposure button (27 percent). Although 100 percent of respondents reported student use of disposable latex gloves when exposing intraoral radiographs, 27 percent did not use gloves when processing radiographs. Fifty-six percent did not routinely disinfect countertops in the darkroom.

Canada↗
PubMed1989

Hepatitis, HIV infection and AIDS: some issues for the practitioner.

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus among the viral causes of hepatitis are of principal concern to the dentist. A dentist previously infected with HBV is at risk from HDV for there are reservoirs of this infection in the population. Dentists will be most at risk from HBV because of per cutaneous inoculation but in the general population there is emphasis on the non-percutaneous transmission of the virus perinatally. Numerous carriers of HBV are being added to the population annually but their identification is often difficult. Immunization with a hepatitis B vaccine is a protection which all dentists should seek. A booster dose at 5 years is recommended. There is no evidence that hepatitis B vaccine transmits HIV. Transmission of this virus intraoperatively is much less likely than the transmission of HBV but a slight risk is there. To avoid the risk of HBV and HIV infections, full infection control precautions should be observed at all times.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Cleaning and disinfectant properties of dental surface disinfectants.

The appropriate use of disinfectants for operatory surfaces constitutes a major component of a routine infection control protocol. Both the cleaning and the disinfection abilities of the various available products are important to consider when selecting a surface disinfectant. This study shows the importance of initial surface cleaning as a mandatory first step in surface asepsis. All manufacturers emphasize this in their written directions by stating that the products should be used on precleaned surfaces. Based on the inability to remove dried organic material and a lack of effective antimicrobial activity in the presence of accumulated bioburden, preparations containing high concentrations of alcohols (greater than or equal to 70%) should not be used as the sole agent for routine precleaning and disinfection. Properly diluted iodophor, sodium hypochlorite, and complex phenol preparations are superior in comparison with other disinfectants in accomplishing the initial precleaning of surfaces.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed1988

Bite mark impressions: a review of techniques and materials.

Many techniques are described in the literature for use in making impressions of bite mark indentations. A representative technique is presented in detail. Several types of dental materials common to many impression techniques are reviewed with regard to their accuracy, ease of use, and dimensional stability over time. Adherence of materials and a model pouring technique are also discussed.

Bites and Stings↗
PubMed1988

The present direction of research in forensic odontology.

Forensic odontology is receiving increased attention in the literature and has become a widely recognized field of expertise with broad ramifications. With this growth, research is needed to solve the most pressing problems of the discipline. The purpose of this paper is to identify current trends in research in forensic odontology. The review consisted of studies using the scientific method and reports of new techniques being tested. Also, abstracts from the annual meeting of the Odontology Section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences from 1980 to 1987 have been reviewed to determine the current areas of emphasis in forensic dentistry.

Age Determination by Teeth↗
PubMed1988

Failure of use of cemental annulations in teeth to determine the age of humans.

The reliability of cemental annulation counts in teeth was examined to determine its value as an age indicator for humans. One hundred extracted human teeth were embedded in polyester casting resin and sectioned using a diamond wafering saw. Thin sections were photomicrographed, projected, and counted in a double blind random method of presentation. The age of the specimen was determined by adding the number of cemental annulations counted by the observers and the eruption age of the specific tooth that was used. The data analyzed by simple regression indicated that determining chronologic age in humans from cemental annulations is not possible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Comparative radiographic study of human and animal long bone patterns.

The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that certain radiographic features can be found to distinguish between human and animal long bone fragments, and therefore would be useful as an adjunct in forensic science identification. Using proposed radiographic criteria, 13 archeologists and 12 dentists were asked to identify 20 radiographic samples as representing human or animal bone. Results showed that archeologists correctly identified 86.8% of the samples, and dentists correctly identified 81.9%. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that radiographic interpretation of long bone fragments may be a useful aid in a forensic science investigation of human and animal remains.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Delta hepatitis: another concern for dentistry.

Delta hepatitis is a defective virus dependent on hepatitis B virus for replication and transmission. Delta hepatitis infection is becoming more prevalent in the United States, especially in parenteral drug abusers; several outbreaks have occurred. Infection control procedures and the hepatitis B vaccine can protect the dental staff from infection and transmission.

Dental Auxiliaries↗