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Biomedical subjects

J A Cohn

Publications and source records attributed to J A Cohn.

58 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

On the occurrence of cytochrome P-450 and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in rat brain.

The difference spectra of the carbon monoxide-complex of dithionite-reduced rat brain microsomes, compared with both reduced microsomes, alone, and the carbon monoxide-complex of oxidized microsomes, indicate the presence of small amounts of cytochrome P-450 in brain. As in liver, cytochrome P-450 in brain is degraded in vitro to its inactive form, cytochrome P-420 by methylmercury chloride. Aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity is also present in rat brain microsomes and, at lower specific activity, in brain homogenates. This carcinogen metabolizing activity is increased four-fold in rats pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS. 1993 update.

Research into the biology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the immunopathogenesis of HIV disease, is proceeding rapidly. New therapies are being developed based on this new knowledge. Meanwhile, the proportion of women in the United States with AIDS is rising, and heterosexual spread is the fastest rising mode of transmission. Overall survival with HIV and AIDS appears to be similar in women and men receiving similar treatment. However, the results of several population-based studies indicate that women are less likely to have received antiretroviral therapy than have men. Gynecologic complications of HIV, including recurrent and refractory vaginal candidiasis and an increased frequency of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma, have only recently been recognized. There are still little data on the effect of pregnancy on the course of HIV disease in women. The implications of current knowledge for prevention and treatment of HIV in women are discussed.

AIDS Vaccines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Virology, immunology, and natural history of HIV infection.

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 infects and damages or destroys several types of cells, most importantly helper/inducer (CD4+) lymphocytes. In the majority of infected persons, the loss of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to a progressive reduction in both cell mediated and antibody mediated immunity. Early during infection most adults are asymptomatic, but after several years many develop symptoms representing a moderate degree of immune suppression. Eventually, most of these individuals become susceptible to the life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers which define the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Recent advances in management, including earlier diagnosis, the use of maintenance or suppressive therapies, and specific anti-retroviral therapy with zidovudine (AZT) has nearly doubled the life expectancy for persons with AIDS. Clinical trials of new drugs, sometimes in combination with AZT, are underway. Vaccine development is proceeding, but many obstacles must be overcome before a successful vaccine can be identified.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗